新視野大學(xué)英語第三版讀寫教程4漢譯英和完形填空

1、Unitl1 . Banked clozeHave you ever heard people say that they tend to be more of a right-brain or left-brain thinker? From books to television programs, you have probably heard the term mentioned numerous times, or perhaps you have even taken an online test to determine which type best describes you

2、.Do different parts of the brain really control different bodily and mental functions? Over the years, a theory that hasgained in popularity is that theright brain and the left brain areresponsible for different modes of thoughtand that the way in which a person thinks will depend on which side of h

3、is brain works more actively.People who rely more heavily on the right half of their brain tend to be more imaginative and spontaneous. They are interested in patterns, shapes and sizes, for the right brain is associated withartistic ability like singing, painting,Writing poetry, etc. Left-brain dom

4、inated people are quiteopposite in the waythey think. They tend to be more logical andanalytical in their thinking andusually stand out in mathematics and word skills.While the different functions of the two brain parts may have beendistortedand exaggerated by popular psychology, understanding you s

5、trengths and weaknesses in certain areas can help you develop better ways to learn and study. For example, if you are usually stumped in trying to follow verbal instructions, an activity often cited as a right-brain characteristic, you can benefit from writing down directions and developing better o

6、rganizational skills.2 .中庸思想(Doctrine of the Mear)是儒家思想白核心內(nèi)容。 The Doctrine of the Meanis the core of Confucianism.孔子所謂的“中”不是指“折中”,而是指在認(rèn)識(shí)和處理客觀事物時(shí)的一種“適度”和“恰如其分”的方法。The so-called mean byConfucius doesn t mean“compromise” but a “moderate” and Just right ”way when understanding and handling objective thi

7、ngs.孑 L 子主張不僅要把這種思想作為一種認(rèn)識(shí)和處理事物的方法來看待，而且還應(yīng)該通過自身修養(yǎng)和鍛煉，把它融入 自己的日常行為當(dāng)中，使之成為一種美德。Confucius advocated that this thoughtshould not only be treated as away to understand and deal with things but also be integrated into one s daily conduct to make it a virtuethroughself-cultivation and training.中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，

8、也是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成音 B 分。 The Doctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism but also an important component of traditional Chinese culture.從它的形成至 U現(xiàn)在，一直為民族精神的構(gòu)建、民族智慧的傳播、民族文化的發(fā)展發(fā)揮著不可估量的作用。From the time it came into being to the present, it has played an invaluable role in the construction of na

9、tion spirit, the transmission of national wisdom, and the development of national culture.Unit21. Banked clozeI was once in a relationship with a woman who was the most brilliant, creative and driven person I d ever known. I told her these things often because she didn t see herself this way, despit

10、eachieving great success and acclaim（ 稱贊）in her professional field. She was also gorgeous and sexy, thought she seemed not to realize this either, so I told her these things too. But while I thought it was more important to praise her brilliance, it seemed to mean more to her that she was considered

11、 attractive.# / 11My experience with this girlfriend exemplifies a commoiphenomenonin life-whenit comesto complimenting a woman,menoften walk a very difficult line. Of course, context matters. In a professional setting, talking about appearance is often inappropriate, but at a singles club, it maybe

12、 important. She will be very pleased if a manthinks her cloths and accessories are pretty, or her hair looks wonderful. However, things in between these two cases are unclear. Women have every right to be recognized and appreciated or their intelligence and creativity. But at the sametime, they want

13、 to be admired for their looks as well, for example, their perfect skin complexion and elegant outfits.Unfortunately, most guys don t understand this. If we receive compliments from women, they re usually about our achievements, not our looks. Most of us don t expect a woman to tell us how handsomeo

14、r sexy we are, and some of us would find it hard to regard such a (an) commentas sincere.I m not saying it s very hard to be a guy these days. It is important for every man to understand how to treat women with both respect and admiration . But as far as the right balance of these two is concerned,

15、we really have no frame of reference, especially when it comes to looks.2.中國(guó)的四大名著是指三國(guó)演義(Romanceof the Three Kingdoms)、水滸傳(Outlaws of the Marsh)、西游記(Journey to the West)和紅樓夢(mèng)(ADreamof RedMansions) 四部著名小說。 The four great classic Chinese novels are Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh, Jo

16、urney to the West and A Dreamof RedMansions. 它們的創(chuàng)作時(shí)間均處于元末明初至清代期間，All the four novels were written duringthe period from the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties to the Qing Dynasty.其內(nèi)容反映了中國(guó)古代的政治和軍事斗爭(zhēng)、社會(huì)矛盾、文化信仰等各個(gè)方面。They allreflect various aspects of ancient China, including political and military stri

17、fe social conflicts and cultural beliefs.四大名著具有很高的藝術(shù)水平，代表了中國(guó)古典小說的高峰。 The four novels are of supreme artistic standards, representing the peak of China s classic novels.書中的許多人物和場(chǎng)景在中國(guó)家喻戶曉，并且已經(jīng)深深地影響了整個(gè)民族的思想觀念和價(jià)值取向。Lots of the characters and scenesin the books are well-known in China and have exerted pr

18、ofound influences on the ideology and values of the entire nation.四本著作在中國(guó)古代民俗、封建制度、社會(huì)生活等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域皆有巨大的研究?jī)r(jià)值，是中國(guó)乃至全人類的寶貴文化遺產(chǎn)。Highlyvaluable for the research of China s ancient customs, feudal system, and social life, the four classic novels are precious cultural relics of China as well as the human society

19、 as a whole.Unit31. Banked clozeIn some urban centers, workaholism（ 工作狂）is so common that people du not consider it unusual: They accept the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington D.C., for example, frequently work 60 to 70 hours a week. They don t do this because they have do; they d

20、o it because they want to.Workaholism can be a serious problem. True workaholics, being deeply immersed in their work, allow themselves little or no time to take breaks. They like to work without being disrupted , and they probably don t know how to relax.But is Workaholism always bad? Perhaps not.

21、There are people who work well under stress . Besides, some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in their own sphere. Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment are the samething. Their # / 11work challeng

22、e them, keeping them busy and genuinely engaged.Whydo workaholics enjoy doing their jobs so much?Of course they get paychecks from it, but it is hard to quantify the pleasure with money. It offers more than financial security. Psychologists claim that work gives people an identity and provides them

23、with self-confidence. People have a feeling of satisfaction when they administrate a business well or complete a challenging piece of work. In addition, most jobs provide a socially acceptable way for people to meet others. So, thought some people are compulsive（強(qiáng)迫性的）about their work, their addictio

24、n seems to be a safe or even an advantageous one. They feel empty and incomplete when they are involved in activities not related to work.2.近年來，隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)已成為一個(gè)熱門話題。In recentyears, with the rapid development of Internet technology, the Internet economy has become a hot issue.以蓬勃發(fā)展的電子商務(wù)為代表的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)

25、經(jīng)濟(jì)已成為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展 的重要引擎。As represented by the promising E-commerce, the Internet economy has become a strong driving force for the economic development.我國(guó)政府高度重視發(fā)展互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，提出了 “互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”的概念，以推動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)與醫(yī)療、交通、教育、金 融、 公共 服務(wù)等 領(lǐng)域的 結(jié)合。 Our government attaches great importance to developing the Internet economyand proposes the

26、concept of aInternet plus” , aiming to integrate Internet withother industries, such as healthcare,transportation, education, finance and public service.這將為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展提供極大的發(fā)展?jié)摿透鼜V闊的發(fā)展空間。This will create great potential andbroad prospects for the development off the Internet economy.隨著 “戶聯(lián)網(wǎng) +”戰(zhàn)略的深入實(shí)施，互聯(lián)

27、網(wǎng)必將與更多傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)進(jìn)一步融合，助力打造“中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)升級(jí) 版“。With the implementation of the a Internet Plus strategy, the Internetis certain to be integrated with more traditional industries and help build “the upgraded version of the Chinese economy ” .Unit41. Banked clozeFarming invariably interferes with the habitats of plant

28、s and animals. However, this does not necessarily meanthat agriculture and biodiversity are incompatible . In fact, quite the opposite is true. The sustainable cultivation of plants for food and feed actually enables us to preserve biodiversity.By 2007, there were more than twice as manypeople livin

29、g on the planet as there were in 1961. Over the same period, the total amount ofavailable arable() landgrew by just 10 percent. In comparison with population growth, the expansion of arable land was small.And there are limits to further expansion. A largeproportio n of the earth s surface-likedesert

30、s-is not suitable for cultivation,and other areas are utilized by humans for roads and buildings. Some land that is rich in biodiversity needs to be preserved and thus should not beconvertedinto arable land. The tropical rain forests, for example, have the highest species density in the world, and c

31、hanging this land for crop cultivationwould be dreadfulto these species habitats and, indeed, existence.By 2050, global demandfor food will have risen by 70 percent. But the expansion of land available for cultivation has its limits. This is one of the greatest challenges facing agriculture today: H

32、ow do we balance the increased demand for food with the need to maintain biological diversity, now and in the future?Efficient and sane use of land will be key to preserving natural animal and plant habitats. To achieve this aim will depend to a(an)considerable extent on# / 11the use of modern agric

33、ultural methods. If these methods are successfully applied, we believe that agriculture and biodiversity can coexist in harmony.2. 蘇州園林是中國(guó)古典園林最杰出的代表，大部分為私家所有。 Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives of classical Chinese gardens. Most of them were privately-owned. 蘇州園林始于春秋，興于宋元，盛于明清。

34、The gardens first appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period, develop in the Song and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing dynasties.清末蘇州園林已有各色園林170余處，為其贏得了“園林之城”的稱號(hào)。 By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou had got as many as over 170 gardens of diverse, winning it the name“The City of Gardens

35、 ” . 現(xiàn)保存完好的園林有60 多處，對(duì)外開放的有十余處。 Now, over 60 gardens are kept in goodcondition, of which more than 10 are open to the public.其中滄浪亭、獅子林、拙政園和留園分別代表著宋、元、明、清四個(gè)朝代的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格，被稱為“ 蘇州四大名園” 。The Surging WavePavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the HumbleAdministrator s Garden and the Lingering Garden are calledthe fou

36、r most famous garden in Suzhou,representing the artistic styles of the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties respectively. 蘇州園林宅園合一，可賞，可游，可居，其建筑規(guī)制反映了中國(guó)古代江南民間的生活方式和禮儀習(xí)俗。 Suzhou gardens are assemblies of residences and gardens, which make them suitable places for living, visiting and appreciating.The ar

37、chitectural principles of the gardens are a demonstration of the lifestyle andsocial customs of the ancient Chinese people in the south of the Lower Yangtze River.蘇州園林不僅是歷史文化的產(chǎn)物，同時(shí)也是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)思想文化的載體。 Suzhougardens are not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but also a carrier of traditional Ch

38、inese ideology and culture.1997 年，蘇州園林被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列入“世界遺產(chǎn)名錄” 。 In 1997, Suzhou gardens were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.Unit51 . Stereotypes have sometruth mixed in with a few generalizations. Sometimes these generalizations can be misleading as they are often based on observation of

39、 the exterior behavior of people in a certain culture. Spaghetti, pasta, mafia（黑手黨），gestures, fashion-these are some words commonly used to describe Italians. Howmuch truth is there in the stereotype? As an Italian myself, I will give you someinsights into the Italian soul and clarify somemisunderst

40、andings that foreigners have about us.Spaghetti and pasta are sacred. You can t take pasta away from an Italian meal; otherwise it won t be complete. A typical Italian meal generally includes pasta as a starter, fish or meat with salad as the main course, followed by fruitor dessert,and then coffee.

41、 But there are considerable regional differencesin Italy, and henceinconsistencies exist between the stereotype and reality. For instance, you might find risotto（ 力口有肉、 魚或蔬菜的調(diào)味飯 ）replacing pasta in some places!The Mafia is real: We are not proud of it, but it does exist, especially in theSouth and o

42、n the island of Sicily. Obviously, not every Italian is a member of theMafia, and most will be offended if you use the term, even if you are just joking.Yes, the way we speak is unique. Italians usegestures a lot in communication.Wesimply cannot talk without our hands. If the hands are busy doing so

43、mething else, we start moving shoulders or other parts of the body.We are also fashion victims. You can recognize Italians by the way they dressfrom head to toe. Wewear stylish clothes and ornaments for every possible occasion.You won t ever see an Italian wearing running shorts combined with long s

44、ocks: It s simply against our sense of style!# / 11Italy is made up of many regions and provinces which are similar in some ways and distinctive in others. The stereotype contains some truth, but being Italian takes a lot more than that.2 .中華文明曾對(duì)世界文明產(chǎn)生過重大影響。Chinese civilization once had a significan

45、tinfluence on world civilization.近年來，隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和國(guó)際地位的提升，歷史悠久的中國(guó)文化正引起世界新的關(guān)注。With the development of our country seconomyand the rise of her internationalstatus in recent years, Chinese culture,which has a long history, is once again attracting global attention.越來越多的中國(guó)元素為當(dāng)今世界時(shí)尚、文學(xué)、影視作品等提供了創(chuàng)作靈感，成為熱門題材。M

46、ore and more Chinese cultural elements provide inspiration for and become popular subjects of fashions, literature and movies around the world.這一現(xiàn)象表明，世界需要中國(guó)文化。This shows that the world needs Chinese culture.在這種背景下，我國(guó)決定實(shí)施文化“走出去”的戰(zhàn)略，以加強(qiáng)中國(guó)與世界其他各國(guó)的文化交流。It was in this context that China decided to implem

47、ent theaCulture Exporting “ strategyso as to enhance her cultural exchanges with the rest of the world.經(jīng)過數(shù)年的努力，這項(xiàng)工程已經(jīng)取得了很大的成績(jī)。After several years efforts, greatachievements have been made in this respect. 文化 “走出去”大力推動(dòng)了我國(guó)文化 產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展，正成為提升我國(guó)國(guó)家形象和綜合實(shí)力的有效途徑?！癈ulture Exporting ”has greatly promoted the deve

48、lopment of our cultural industries. It is becomingan effective approach through which China enhances her nationimage andcomprehensive strength.Unit61. Banked clozeTo invest in women s education and health is important for the overall welfareof the humansociety. The reason for saying so is obvious, t

49、hat is, womenare playing important roles in modern society. The politicians who levy taxes should know that womencontributeto 40 percent of the world s production in agriculture, a quarterin industry, and a third in services. Women farmers in the developing countries grow at least 50 percent of the

50、world s food. In addition to generating income, womencontinue to take responsibilities for household activities such as childcare, cleaning and preparing food, which are sometimes not aslightweight and easy asgenerally thought.Yet women s productivity remains low. Improving women s productivity can greatly benefit economic growth and poverty reduction which are key development goals around the world. Hence, toenhance women! s status is a vital part of theWorld Bank s strategy for broadly based economic and human resource development.To improve women s welfare calls