新編實(shí)用大學(xué)英語教程

1、Unit 4Family and FriendsPART 1 Listening and Speaking PART 2 ReadingPART 3 GrammarPART 4 TranslationPART 5 WritingPART 6 Enjoy Yourself ObjectivesAfter studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to Master the basic language and skills necessary to talk about sports. Master the words an

2、d expressions as well as the useful sentence structures in the two texts and learnunderstand the main idea of the passage. Know the basic sentence structures. Know how to write notices and posters of matches, sports events. Know the translation skill: conversion.Background knowledge略Listening and Sp

3、eaking Supplementary words and expressionsBall gamesvolleyball 排球basketball 籃球football 足球table tennis 乒乓球tennis 網(wǎng)球golf 高爾夫球badminton 羽毛球bowling 保齡球baseball 棒球ice hockey 冰球Track and fi eldrelay race 接力賽跑Listening and Speaking Supplementary words and expressionsong jump 跳遠(yuǎn)high jump 跳高pole jump 撐桿跳disc

4、us 鐵餅shot 射擊javelin 標(biāo)槍Gymnasticrings 吊環(huán)double / parallel bars 雙杠high and low bars 高低杠free exercise s 自由體操horizontal bar 單杠uneven bars 高低杠pommel horse 鞍馬Listening and Speaking Suggestions for teachers:Listening: There are many new words in this unit, so teachers had better pick out these difficult wo

5、rds and tell students their pronunciation and meanings first, and then play the recording more times.Speaking:Teacher can also design some situations for students to make up dialugues.SportsListening PracticeDirections:You will hear two short conversations in this section. Each conversation will be

6、spoken twice. Listen carefully and do the exercises.SportsTask 1 Fill in the blanks with the words you hear in Conversation 1.Kerry: Do you often play basketball ?Mike: Yes. I used to play on my high school team.Kerry: What position do you play?Kerry: I play third base.SportsListening ScriptKerry: D

7、o you often play basketball?Mike: Yes. I used to play on my high school team.Kerry: What position do you play?Kerry: I play third base.SportsTask 2 Listen to Conversation 2 and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false(F).1. Mary got to the swimming pool before 5:00. ( T )2. Tom

8、got to the swimming pool an hour later than Mary. ( T )3. Mary goes swimming every other day. ( F )4. Tom goes swimming twice a week. ( F )5. Tom usually swims for 3 hours at a time. ( T )SportsInstructions:You will hear two situational dialogues in this section. Each dialogue will be spoken twice.

9、Listen carefully and do the exercises. SportsTask 1 Listen to Dialogue 1 and answer the following questions.1. What did Tom do last night?He watched a football match.2. Did Mary watch football match last night?No, she didnt.3. What does Mary think of football?She thinks that the football players ten

10、d to be rough.Sports4. What sports match does Mary like to watch?Billiards games.5. Has a Chinese billiards player won a world championship?Yes, Ding Junhui did.SportsListening ScriptTom: What did you do last night? Did you work all night?Mary: Yes, I did some work but I watched a bit of TV too.Tom:

11、 Did you watch the football game? It was a great game.Mary: No, I didnt. I dont like football.Tom: Really?Mary: Yes. I think football players tend to be rough.SportsTom: What do you often see then?Mary: I like to watch billiards games. A Chinese guy won the world championship in Beijing in 2006.Tom:

12、 You mean Ding Junhui?Mary: Thats right.SportsTask 2 Listen to Dialogue 2 and make your choice.1. Where does the conversation most probably take place? AA. In a dormitory. B. At a restaurant. C. At a theater. D. At an airport.2. What program does Dennis roommate want to see on TV? DA. News Report. B

13、. Around China. C. Focus. D. Table tennis fi nal.Sports3. What program will they watch fi rst on TV? BA. Basketball match. B.Table tennis match. C. Football match. D. Volleyball match.4. What time is the football match on ? CA. At two, a.m. B. At two, p.m. C. At one, a.m. D. At one, p.m.5. What does

14、 Dennis prefer to do rather than watch TV? CA. To study. B. To see a fi lm. C. To sleep. D. To read a book.SportsListening ScriptTom: Do you want to watch TV tonight, Dennis?Dennis: Well, theres nothing interesting, but turn it on if you want to.Tom: I want to see the live broadcast of the table ten

15、nis final.Dennis: Oh, I forgot that. Between whom?Tom: Wang Liqin vs Kong Linghui.Dennis: Oh, that would be exciting! Id like to see it, too.SportsTom: It comes on at nine oclock.Dennis: Is there any other interesting program?Tom: Yes, I remember theres a football match on CCTV 5.Dennis: Oh, great!

16、Lets watch it.Tom: Let me see. Hmm. The paper says it starts at one oclock tomorrow morning.Dennis: One oclock tomorrow morning? Then I would prefer to sleep.Oral PracticeDirections:Read loudly and fluently.A: What sport are you interested in?B: I like playing chess most. How about you?A: I spend a

17、lot of time playingbasketball. You know Im a big fan of NBA games.B: I prefer indoor sports. Besides, I like playing chess because I like thinking a lot.A: On the contrary, I like outdoor activities. Who do you often play chess with?B: My father, sometimes my class-mates. Wheredo you play basketball

18、?Oral PracticeA: Dongdan Stadium. There are a lot of goodplayers there. Sometimes you can see foreigners.B: Really? Well, nice talking to you. See younext time.A: See you later.Oral Practice Phrases in the listeningin a way 在某種程度上，稍稍make up 構(gòu)成，占live broadcast 實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播Oral PracticeWords in the listeningO

19、ral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Study the situational dialogues carefully and imitate their theme, sentence patterns and styles trying to use the following sentence patterns. Talk about your favorite sports.My favorite sport is I like playing Oral PracticeDirections:Work in pairs. Please make

20、up your own dialogues based on the following situations, and you may refer to the sentences in Functional-sentence Bank. Oral PracticeTask 1Directions:You are a basketball fan. You often watch basketball games of NBA and CBA. You often play basketball after class. Make a dialogue with your classmate

21、.Task 2Directions:Work in pairs and talk about your favorite sports stars.Functional-sentence BankQuestions on sports 1. Whats your favorite sport?你最喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?2. Do you often play table tennis?你經(jīng)常打乒乓球嗎?3. What kind of sports do you often do?你經(jīng)常做什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?4. What sports do you like best?你最喜歡什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?5. Do you li

22、ke skating/skiing/swimming？你喜歡滑冰/滑雪/游泳嗎?Functional-sentence Bank6. Are you interested in volleyball?你對排球感興趣嗎?7. What sports do you go in for?你喜歡什么體育運(yùn)動(dòng)?8. Do you often watch the NBA games？你經(jīng)?？碞BA球賽嗎?9. Which do you prefer, basketball or football?足球和籃球你更喜歡哪個(gè)?Functional-sentence Bank10. Have you ever p

23、layed baseball (football, soccer,basketball, rugby, volleyball)?你有沒有打（踢）過棒球(足球、英式足球、籃球、橄欖球、排球)?11. What position do (did) you play?你打哪個(gè)位置？12. Whats the most popular sport in your country?你們國家最受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)是什么？Functional-sentence Bank Responding to questions on sports1. Im a basketball fan.我是個(gè)籃球迷。2. I do jo

24、gging every day.我每天慢跑。3. I used to swim a lot but now Im practicing yoga.我過去經(jīng)常游泳，但現(xiàn)在練瑜伽。4. Michael Jordan is my hero.邁克爾喬丹是我崇拜的偶像。5. Im a big fan of NBA games.我是個(gè)NBA的鐵桿球迷。Functional-sentence Bank6. Im crazy about snooker.我酷愛斯諾克臺球。7. Im good at ball games.我擅長球類運(yùn)動(dòng)。8. I often work out.我經(jīng)常參加體育鍛煉。9. Base

25、ball (football, soccer, basketball,rugby, volleyball) is my favorite sport.棒球（足球、英式足球、籃球、橄欖球、排球是我最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。Functional-sentence Bank10. I used to play on my high school team.高中時(shí)我在校隊(duì)打過。11. I played third base (forward, guard, center).我打三壘（前鋒、后衛(wèi)、中鋒）。12. I like high jump (broad jump, pole jump).我喜歡跳高（跳遠(yuǎn)、撐竿

26、跳）。Functional-sentence BankTalking about sports1. Physical exercises are helpful.體育鍛煉是非常有益的。2. I do morning exercises after getting up every morning.我每天早晨起來進(jìn)行鍛煉。3. I belong to the football club.我是足球俱樂部成員。4. I am not an athlete, but I like sports.我不是運(yùn)動(dòng)員，但我喜歡體育。Learning Tips英語聽力學(xué)習(xí)方法（二）(Dictation)學(xué)習(xí)者之間

27、可以互相聽寫。聽寫練習(xí)是在具有一定英語語法和詞匯的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行的一種聽力訓(xùn)練。通過手、眼、耳的參與，將聽到的東西寫出來，檢驗(yàn)聽的效果、加深對原文的理解、增強(qiáng)記憶力。寫的過程同時(shí)也是復(fù)習(xí)、鞏固的過程，幫助學(xué)習(xí)者進(jìn)一步加深對語言內(nèi)容的了解，在聽的過程中將模糊的東西徹底弄明白。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family CloseBy Taylor RummelSuggestion for teachers:Activity 1-4 is designed to be done in class. As for Activity 5, students are allo

28、wed to get preparation after class. The next time teacher asks a few students to present themselves in front of the class. Teacher just gives students some comments to encourage them to speak instead of correcting their mistakes.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family ClosePre-reading task:discuss the

29、 following questions.1. How can you keep your family close when you are not at home?2. What is the best way for you to connect with your family?3. Can you sum up some advantages of keeping your family close?ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close1. With the success and widespread use of the home

30、 computer, people are simply a mouse click away.The innovation of e-mail and digital photographs has made it possible for families to stay in touch more conveniently; however, is this really enough? While technology has enabled us to talk to people all over the world, in some ways it is hampering us

31、 from intimate contact, especially with our families.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close參考譯文：隨著家庭計(jì)算機(jī)的成功并廣泛的普及，人們只需輕點(diǎn)鼠標(biāo)就可互相交流。 電子郵件和數(shù)碼相機(jī)的創(chuàng)新可以使家人之間保持聯(lián)系更方便。然而，這就夠了嗎？ 當(dāng)技術(shù)使我們可以與世界各地的人們進(jìn)行交流時(shí)， 在某種程度上，它也妨礙了人們彼此的密切接觸，特別是在家庭成員之間。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close句子解析：The innovation of email a

32、nd digital photographs has made it possible for families to stay intouch more conveniently.to stay是to stay at home的省略形式，made it possible中的it代替不定式to stay做句子的形式賓語，句子的真正賓語是to stay。in touch 的意思是保持聯(lián)系， 常用的動(dòng)詞搭配是keep in touch。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close 2. Keeping your family close must star

33、t when your children are very young. If you instill in them at an early age the importance of family, chances are that your message will stick when they become adults.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close參考譯文：在孩子很小時(shí)， 就要開始使整個(gè)家庭保持密切的關(guān)系。如果你在孩子小時(shí)候就向他們灌輸家庭的重要性， 當(dāng)他們長大成人，這種思想就能在他們頭腦中根深蒂固。ReadingText

34、A How to Keep Your Family Close句子解析：If you instill in them at an early age the importance of family, chances are that your message will stick when they become adults.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close句中的at an early age是句子的時(shí)間狀語，the importance of family是句子的賓語， 這種情況是賓語的后置，目的是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間狀語。句子的正常語序?yàn)镮

35、f you instill in them the importance of family at an early age。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close instill的意思是灌輸（思想，感情等）如：He instilled the need for good manners into all his children. 他對他所有的孩子灌輸了懂禮貌的思想。chances （可能性）常用復(fù)數(shù)的形式， 如：Chances are that she has heard the news. 有可能她已經(jīng)聽到這個(gè)消息了。Chances (Th

36、e chances) are that we will win easily. 我們很可能會輕易取勝。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close 3. An important way to ensure family closeness is to create special family traditions. While we all know everyone in America eats turkey on Thanksgiving Day, we can add something special to the day. Perhap

37、s set aside this day for the entire family to play games. ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close Try playing something as simple as bingo, where everyone will get a prizeand here is the real treatmake the prizes “coupons”. For instance, “This coupon is good for one free movie with mom” or “This

38、 coupon is good for one indoor picnic”. ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close Thanksgiving is traditionally a day for football, so organize a friendly family game of your own. You will be surprised how your children will come to treasure these special family times.ReadingText A How to Keep You

39、r Family Close參考譯文：保持家庭緊密關(guān)系的重要方法是建立特殊的家庭傳統(tǒng)。雖然我們都知道在感恩節(jié)那天人人吃火雞，但還要增加一些其他的活動(dòng)。也許可以利用這一天全家人一起做游戲， 玩一些像賓果這樣的游戲，游戲時(shí)每個(gè)人都能得到一個(gè)獎(jiǎng)品；ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close在家人贏牌時(shí)， 要有一個(gè)真正的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)， 即一張優(yōu)惠券。例如： 這張優(yōu)惠卷可以跟媽媽免費(fèi)看電影或者是室內(nèi)聚餐。感恩節(jié)是踢足球的傳統(tǒng)日子， 組織家庭足球友誼賽。 那時(shí)你會驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)， 你的孩子將逐漸珍惜這些不同尋常的家庭團(tuán)聚的時(shí)光。ReadingText A How to Ke

40、ep Your Family Close句子解析：1. An important way to ensure family closeness is to create special family traditions. ensure在此句中用作動(dòng)詞，表示“保證”， 此詞多用于對人的行為做出的保證， 如：This willensure the safety for us. 這將保證我們的安全。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close近義詞辨析：insure, assure, guaranteeinsure“給保險(xiǎn)，包括對生命，財(cái)產(chǎn)的保險(xiǎn)”，如：S

41、he insured her car against theft. 她為自己的車保了防盜險(xiǎn)。assure“向保證， 使確信”，如：I assure you there is no danger.我向你們保證這里沒有危險(xiǎn)。guarantee“對提出保證”，ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close如：I. guarantee that the delegation will not come. 我保證代表團(tuán)不會來了。 2. While we all know everyone eats turkey on Thanksgiving, we can ad

42、d something special to the day. while 此句中是“盡管，雖然”的意思，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。如：While I admit that the problem is diffi cult, I dont think it cannot be solved. 盡管我承認(rèn)這個(gè)問題很難，但我并不認(rèn)為無法解決。3. Try playing something as simple as Bingo, where everyone will get a prize.try doing“試著做某事”，try to do“盡力做某事”。如：He is trying to fi nd a

43、job in a big company.他正努力在大公司找工作。Dont give up; try doing it in a different way. 不要放棄；試試用不同的方法做。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close Bingo，a game of chance in which each player has one or more cards printed with differently numbered squares on which to place markers when the respective numbers

44、 are drawn and announced by a caller. The first player to mark a complete row of numbers is the winner.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close賓果：一種碰運(yùn)氣的游戲，每個(gè)牌手有一張或多張印有不同數(shù)字的方塊牌，當(dāng)由叫牌人抽到并宣布各自的數(shù)字時(shí)即在方塊牌上記分。第一個(gè)記下完整數(shù)字列的牌手為贏家。where everyone will get a prize為定語從句，修飾Bingo。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Fam

45、ily Close 4. Of course, as your children grow, marry andhave children of their own, it is not as easy to spend each holiday together. Be fl exible andeither alternate holidays or pick a few specific holidays where the entire family will be together. ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family CloseSometim

46、es it sounds like an overwhelming feat, especially if you have a large family, but as I said, children, even when they become adults, need those special occasions and traditions and they will goout of their way to make sure they happen.ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close參考譯文：當(dāng)然你的孩子長大成人并有了自己的

47、孩子時(shí)，做到每個(gè)節(jié)日都團(tuán)聚是不容易的。 你要靈活掌握，選擇幾個(gè)特別的節(jié)假日或每隔一個(gè)節(jié)假日輪著來，讓全家老小聚在一起。有時(shí)聽上去讓人覺得是件難事，尤其是當(dāng)你有一個(gè)大家庭時(shí)。 但是正如我所說的那樣，孩子們長大成人后也需要這些特別的場合和傳統(tǒng)，而且會想方設(shè)法去促成他們。ReadingText A How to Keep Your Family Close句子解析：Be fl exible and either alternate holidays orpick a few specifi c holidays where the entire family will be together.alt

48、ernate此句中是“交替,輪流”的意思，如： Mybrother and I alternated to the hospitalto look after my mother. 我和我弟弟輪流去醫(yī)院照我媽媽。where the entire family will be together為定語從句，修飾holidays。Reading1. widespread wadspred adj. 分布廣泛的，傳播很廣的e.g. Ball games are also widespread. 球類運(yùn)動(dòng)是很普及的運(yùn)動(dòng)。2.click klk n.& v. 點(diǎn)擊e.g. You can do s

49、hopping online just by a click of themouse. 你點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)就可進(jìn)行網(wǎng)上購物。3.innovation nven n. 新發(fā)明;創(chuàng)新e.g. There have been many recent innovations in printingmethods.最近在印刷技術(shù)方面有許多創(chuàng)新。Reading4.digital ddtl adj. 數(shù)字的, 數(shù)位的e.g. They bought their digital watches respectively. 他倆人各自買了一塊電子手表。5.technology teknld n. 技術(shù)e.g. The

50、results of this research can be applied to newdevelopments in technology. 這項(xiàng)研究成果能應(yīng)用于新的技術(shù)開發(fā)方面。 technological teknldkl adj. 科技的e.g. The development of the steam engine was a greattechnological advance. 蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明是工業(yè)技術(shù)上的巨大進(jìn)步。Reading6.hamper hmpr v. 妨礙行動(dòng)或進(jìn)展e.g. The rain hampered their outing. 大雨阻礙了他們的郊游。7.i

51、nstill nstl v. 持續(xù)地灌輸e.g. Our teachers always instill working hard into ourminds. 我們的老師總是想把努力學(xué)習(xí)的思想灌輸?shù)轿覀兊念^腦中去。8. stick stk v. 堅(jiān)持，固守e.g. He forgot to stick a stamp on the envelope. 他忘記在信封上貼郵票了。Reading9.ensure nv. 使確信或肯定, 保證e.g. These documents ensure you the authority youneed.這些文件賦予你需要的特權(quán)。10.bingo bg n

52、. 賓戈游戲e.g. Our English teacher often lets us play bingo games in class for relax.英語老師經(jīng)常讓我們在課堂上玩賓果游戲，讓我們放松一下。Reading11.coupon kupn n. 禮券; 商家的優(yōu)待券e.g. Now many stores offer coupons to customers as ameans of promotion. 現(xiàn)在很多商店給顧客發(fā)優(yōu)惠券作為一種促銷手段。12.treasure tre v. 珍視，珍藏e.g. She treasures the watch her father

53、 gave to her. 她珍藏著她父親給她的一塊手表。13.flexible fl eksb()l adj. 靈活的，可變通的e.g. They have made a fl exible plan. 他們已經(jīng)制定了一個(gè)靈活的計(jì)劃。Reading14.alternate ltnet v. （使）輪流，（使）交替e.g. We alternate in doing the housework. 我們輪流做家務(wù)15. overwhelming ovwelmadj. 勢不可擋的,壓倒性的e.g. Our football team has won an overwhelming victory.

54、 我們的足球隊(duì)取得了壓倒性的勝利。overwhelm vwelm v. 控制e.g. The students were overwhelmed with excitement when they heard the news。當(dāng)學(xué)生們聽到這個(gè)消息時(shí)十分激動(dòng)。depression dpren n.沮喪；蕭條e.g. He suffers from acute depression. 他患有嚴(yán)重的抑郁癥。16. feat fi t n. 業(yè)績，壯舉ReadingUseful expressions1. in some ways在某種程度上e.g. He is, in some ways, a g

55、ood businessman.在某種程度上，他是一個(gè)好商人。2. set aside 存儲， 留出e.g. Every week she tried to set aside a few dollars of this salary每周她都從工資里拿出幾美元存起來。3. go out of ones way專門做某事，不怕麻煩地做某事e.g. He goes out of his way to help poor children even if he isnt rich.即使他不富有，他也幫助貧困的孩子。4. make sure (certain)有把握， 肯定e.g. We make s

56、ure (certain) that she can come today. 我們有把握她今天會來。ReadingActivity 1:Make your choices according to Text A. 1. Which of the following things can keep your family close more conveniently? BA.Express letters. B.E-mails and digital photographs. C.Post cards. D.Letters by air.2. Whats the disadvantage of

57、 the home computer according to the text? AA.It can prevent us from intimate communication. B.It spends much electricity.C.It wastes much time. D.It can damage childrens eyes.3. Which of the following has the same meaning as the expression “go out of their way” in the text? DA.To leave the house. B.

58、To travel. C.To go back to. D.To do something specially.ReadingActivity 1:Make your choices according to Text A. 4. Which of the following is mentioned as an important way to keep your family close in the text? DA.To have turkey with your family. B.To travel with your family.C.To go to the movies wi

59、th your family. D.To create special family traditions.5. How can you teach your children to keep family close according to the text? CA.You buy many things your children like. B.You bring them to the supermarket.C.You instill this idea into your children at an early age. D.You let them be independen

60、t.ReadingActivity 2 Sum up the meaning of each paragraph using one sentence. Model : Para. 1: Computer has advantages and disadvantages in keeping family close.Now you try:Para. 2: How to keep your family close when your children are very young.Para. 3: Making examples to explain how to keep your family