大學(xué)英語短語B3U3 TextA－Vocabulary Study

1、.Unit 3 Security Text A The Land of the Lock vs. The Land of the Free.resort to w His tiring work schedule made him resort to drugs. w He resorted to stealing when he had no money. as a last resort 作為最后的手段 w Nuclear weapons should be used only as a last resort. n. a holiday resort v. adopt a course

2、of action you disapprove of, because you cant see any other way of achieving what you want (不得已不得已) 求助求助,訴諸訴諸.elaborate w an elaborate ceremony that lasts a whole day w an elaborate lace pattern cf: intricate delicate fine complex complicated sophisticated subtle elaborate on sth. v. give more detai

3、ls about sth. 詳盡闡述詳盡闡述 w In this essay, I will elaborate on my proposal. adj. consisting of many different parts, detailed and complex 精心制作的精心制作的,復(fù)雜的復(fù)雜的.termw a medical term w The video explains in simple terms how the new tax works. in terms of 從從方面方面; 從從.角度來講角度來講come to terms with sb./sth 妥協(xié)妥協(xié), 接受

4、接受w It was hard to come to terms with her death. be on good/friendly/bad terms (with sb.) 關(guān)系友好關(guān)系友好/不好不好in the long term 從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)看從長遠(yuǎn)的觀點(diǎn)看in the short term 從眼前的觀點(diǎn)看從眼前的觀點(diǎn)看n. a word or expression with a special meaning 術(shù)語術(shù)語 .close upw On the New Years Eve all the stores were closed up in my hometown. w Ma

5、ny international companies are considering closing up in this country and transferring production to low wage economies. cf: close down v. shut (sth.) esp. temporarily (暫時(shí)暫時(shí))關(guān)閉關(guān)閉.rural w By the year 2006 urban residents will outnumber rural residents in most developing countries. w Rural life is mor

6、e peaceful than city life. w rural workers - migrant workers w rural scenery w in rural areas - in urban areas ant. urban adj. of, in or suggesting the countryside .urban w Traffic noise, pollution, huge concrete buildings how can people survive in the urban jungle? w Motor vehicle emissions, to a l

7、arge extent, are responsible for urban air pollution.n: countryside / suburb / city / metropolis adj: rural / suburban / urban / metropolitan (大都市的)city downtown, suburbs (郊區(qū)), outskirts (郊外)cf: municipal adj. municipal building / collegeadj. of, situated in or living in a city or town .vulnerable w

8、 The troops were in a vulnerable position, completely exposed to attack from the air. w Compared with Korean soccer team, the Chinese team is more vulnerable. w an economically vulnerable country be vulnerable to sth. w Museums in the developing world often have fewer security measures and thus rema

9、in more vulnerable to thefts. w be vulnerable to criticism / temptation / attack cf: be liable to adj. exposed to danger or attack; unprotected .patrol on patrol w The cops were out on patrol. w 警察在街道上巡邏. w The police patrolled the streets. 類似的詞: address the letter; inhabit an island v. go round (a

10、town, an area, etc.) to check that all is secure and orderly .statistics w The statistics indicate that roughly every 22 years a major drought occurs in the United States. w 統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)表明歐盟已成為中國第一大貿(mào)易伙伴，同時(shí)中國也成為僅次于美國的歐盟第二大貿(mào)易伙伴。w Statistics show that EU has become the largest trade partner to China, and meanw

11、hile China has become a large trade partner to EU, second only to USA.w Statistics is a branch of mathematics. 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué) w collect / take statistics 進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)n. collection of information expressed in numbers 統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字,統(tǒng)計(jì)資料統(tǒng)計(jì)資料.allege w The accused is alleged to have killed a man. w protests at the alleged beati

12、ngs 對(duì)所謂的毆打提出的抗議w It is alleged that the restaurant discriminated against black customers. w His van allegedly struck them as they were crossing the street. w It is allegedly the case. 據(jù)說情況是這樣。n. allegation = statement cf: assert 極力主張 v. state (sth.) as a fact but without proof (證據(jù)不證據(jù)不足足)硬說，聲稱；指控硬說，聲

13、稱；指控.tranquil w a tranquil life in the country w a tranquil smile 幽雅的微笑w preserve a tranquil mind 保持平靜的心情w a tranquil atmosphere cf: quiet / calm / silent / still / tranquil / serene -quil (休息) n: tranquility 安靜、平靜w A sharp cry of surprise disturbed the tranquility of the night.v: tranquilize n: tra

14、nquilizer 鎮(zhèn)靜劑adj. calm, quite and undisturbed .era w enter into / open up / usher in (迎來) a new era w a new era of information w We are living in the computer era.w Our era produces its heroes and heroines.w Young students should study hard to ensure the countrys fast economic and social development

15、 in the era of globalization. cf: age epoch times period n. a period of history or a long period of time .age epoch era times periodage 具有某種顯著特征，由某個(gè)事件/重要人物命名的時(shí)代w the Age of Shakespeare w the Victorian Age w the Iron Ageera 時(shí)代，紀(jì)元。歷史上獨(dú)立的時(shí)代，比epoch長。w the Christian era 耶穌紀(jì)元 epoch 指以某件大事件或巨大變化為起點(diǎn)的新的歷史時(shí)期w

16、 Einsteins theory marked a new epoch in mathematics. epoch-making adj. w the Presidents epoch-making trip to China.age epoch era times periodtimes 時(shí)期。常指有一定特色、特點(diǎn)的時(shí)期。 w the hard times after the Anti-Japanese War period 常用詞，可指任何一段時(shí)間，長短不限。w a period of fifteen minutes w The reading of this book was a(n)

17、_ in my life, one of the turning point in my mental history. A: period B: epoch C: era D: age B .electronic w electronic mail w an electronic dictionary w electronic organ 電子琴w electronic jamming 電子干擾 cf: electric 由電產(chǎn)生的,帶電的,用電的w an electric current / iron / torch / light electrical 關(guān)于電的, 有關(guān)電（學(xué)）方面的w

18、electrical engineering 電機(jī)工程學(xué)w 電器adj. of or relating to electronics or devices and systems developed through electronicselectric appliances.hook up to w My computer is hooked up to the Internet, so I can communicate with my students at home via email.w The alarm systems in the banks are hooked up to

19、the local police station. w hook a fish / hook a husband w on the hook 處于困境 w get off the hook 擺脫困境，脫身w hook-nosed w get / be hooked to sth. 對(duì)入迷，著迷；成癮v. connect or attach (sth.) to (sth. else) with or as if with a hook .elegant w an elegant woman w elegant furnishings 一流的裝飾w an elegant vase 別致的花瓶w a

20、n elegantly dressed man 衣著考究的人elegance n. grace syn. a man of polish 文雅的人 w polished manner 優(yōu)雅的舉止 adj. graceful, tasteful, fashionable .build in/into w The cupboards in the kitchen are all built in. 廚房的櫥柜都是嵌在墻內(nèi)的。w The difficulties seem built in. 困難似乎無法排除。cf: build on/upon 以為基礎(chǔ)，把建立在上 w build our theo

21、ry on the fact build up 增加；積累w build up my hope / build up my endurance w build up a thick layer of fat v. make (sth.) as part of the structure 使成為組成部分使成為組成部分.pry pry sth. open w Her car trunk had been pried open and all her equipment was gone. 車子后面的行李箱被撬 w pry information out of (sb.) (從某人那)弄到(消息)p

22、ry into: inquire closely and curiously 窺探，打聽w Dont pry into the affairs of others. v. force sth. open or away from a surface .It is not uncommon w It is not uncommon to find some students leaving their food untouched simply because they did not like the taste, or students leaving the tap dripping wa

23、ter since they did not want to take the trouble to close it.It is very common .paste w paste up posters 貼標(biāo)語w The young man pasted the picture of his favorite singer on the wall. cf: v. stick glue attach w a bottle of paste w tooth paste w fish / meat paste 魚/肉醬cf: n. paste plaster cream ointment v.

24、stick sth. with glue .premise w The company is looking for new premises. w There is a kitchen on the premises. w The shop sells food but doesnt allow it to be eaten on the premises. w Keep off the premises. (告示)禁止入內(nèi)2. 前提前提,假設(shè)假設(shè)w The corporation operates on the premise that family life directly affec

25、ts business results. w The program started from the premise that men and women are on equal terms in this society. w an unsound premisen. (pl.) all the buildings and land that an institution occupies on one site 站不住腳的假設(shè)站不住腳的假設(shè).feature w Modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that pr

26、ovide users with access to information at remote sites. w This weeks broadcast features a report on victims of domestic violence. 這個(gè)星期的廣播有一篇關(guān)于家庭暴力受害者的特別報(bào)道. / (報(bào)紙?jiān)陲@著位置報(bào)道了)w A good salary features highest on her list of what she wants from a job. 高收入是她對(duì)工作的最大期望. w They had a traditional Thanksgiving di

27、nner featuring roast turkey. v. give a prominent part to (sb./sth.) 以以為特為特色色, 突出突出.feature w Wet weather is a feature of life in Scotland.w a front-page feature w His nose is his best feature. w He has regular features. / a well-featured personmake a feature of 以為特色的 cf: feature characteristic trait

28、feature: 顯著的,引人注目的特征 a article 一篇特寫characteristic: 某人/物區(qū)別于其他人/物的特征或特點(diǎn)w building socialism with Chinese characteristic.trait: 指人的性格或性情特征w Generosity is his most pleasing traits. n. 特征特征; 特寫特寫; 相貌相貌(指眼指眼,鼻等個(gè)別部位用單數(shù)鼻等個(gè)別部位用單數(shù);指面貌指面貌,面容用復(fù)數(shù)面容用復(fù)數(shù)).chart w The chart showed the decline in the companys sales d

29、uring the year. w a weather chart a flow chart 流程圖, 程序框圖w a bar chart 柱狀圖 a pie chart 扇形圖; 圓形圖w a graphical chart 曲線圖a wall chart 掛圖w a train chart 列車運(yùn)行圖 w compile a chart 編制圖表 consult a chart 查看圖表cf: table figure illustration w a railway time-table w a square figure 方形 / a geometrical figure 幾何圖形 n

30、. a sheet presenting information in the form of graphs or tables .transformation w Local people have mixed feelings about the planned transformation of their town into a regional capital. w Id never seen Carlo in smart evening clothes before it was quite a transformation. cf: v. transform transfer t

31、ransmit transplant transport n. transaction a. transparent n. 改變改變, 轉(zhuǎn)變轉(zhuǎn)變 .put up w He put up a new fence around his house. w Most of the old buildings were pulled down (demolished) so that block of apartments (公寓樓) could be put up. cf: put sth. acrossput aside put away put down put forward put in fo

32、r put out put off put up with put through v. build or erect; set up .put up w put sth. acrossw put aside w put away w put forwardw put downw put in for w put out w put through w put up with w put offw 撇開撇開, 儲(chǔ)存儲(chǔ)存.備用備用w 提出提出w 使使被理解被理解w 鎮(zhèn)壓鎮(zhèn)壓w 使經(jīng)受使經(jīng)受, 接通接通w 忍受忍受, 容忍容忍w 放好放好w 申請(qǐng)申請(qǐng)w 延期延期, 推遲推遲w 出版出版; 撲滅撲滅

33、v. build or erect; set up .barrier w The color of ones skin should be no barrier to success in life. / a barrier to (doing) sth. w a nature barrier 天然屏障w Show your ticket at the barrier. 在檢票口出示車票w 警察設(shè)了路障. w The police put the barrier across the street. w set up / remove barriers between and w trade

34、barrier 貿(mào)易壁壘 language barrier 語言障礙w cultural barrier 文化阻隔 geographical barrier 地理阻隔n. thing that prevents progress or movement可以是抽象或具體的障礙可以是抽象或具體的障礙, 抽象的較多抽象的較多 .occur to w It suddenly occurred to me that we could use a computer to do the job. w 我突然意識(shí)到可以用電腦來做這個(gè)工作。我突然意識(shí)到可以用電腦來做這個(gè)工作。v. sb. gets the id

35、ea that .barricade w Protesters have been putting up barricades across a number of major streets. w 設(shè)置路障 place / erect / set up / put up barricadesw 拆除路障 remove / demolish /tear down barricadesw The rioters barricaded streets with piles of blazing tires. w Terrified villagers have barricaded themsel

36、ves into their houses. 把自己關(guān)在屋里(不讓人進(jìn)入) cf: barrier barricade n. a barrier of large objects, intended to stop an enemy 路障路障v. block or defend with a barricade .sophisticated w the latest and most sophisticated technologyw 最新最尖端的技術(shù)w sophisticated modern weapons w a sophisticated girl 世故的cf. mature worl

37、dlyadj. of sth. contains more advanced features than other things of the same type .keep/hold (sb.) at bay w He keeps me at bay with a knife. w Eating oranges keeps colds at bay.w She left the light on at night to keep her fears at bay. w Exercise can help keep fat at bay. be at bay 走投無路 v. prevent

38、(an enemy, pursuers, etc.) from coming near 不讓不讓靠近靠近 預(yù)防預(yù)防 不感到不感到 避免避免 .without/with no so much as w She walked away from the house with not so much a backward glance. w 她走了,甚至沒有回頭看一眼. glance v./n. glance at at a glance give / take a glance at glimpse v./n. catch a glimpse of prep. with not even .sta

39、nd for w That newspaper is often thought to stand for freedom of speech.w “GMT” stands for Greenwich Mean Time. w “UNESCO” stands for United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization.cf: standstill standpoint standby standingw a newspaper / fruit stand (=kiosk; booth)w a pen stand /

40、 a music stand w spectators in the stands w China Daily usually sells out soon after it hits the stands.v. represent; mean .stand for stand bystand outstand up for (= back up sb. / side with sb.) w stand up for educational reformstand up tow stand up to extremely high temperaturesv. represent; mean

41、做好準(zhǔn)備做好準(zhǔn)備;袖手旁觀袖手旁觀杰出杰出, 引人注目引人注目 (outstanding adj.)支持支持勇敢面對(duì)勇敢面對(duì); 經(jīng)得起經(jīng)得起.be bathed in w The fields and woods were bathed in a golden light at sunrise.w He was interviewed in a room bathed in soft red light.w She bathed / immersed her feet in warm water to relieve the pain.w be bathed in love and carec

42、f: be immersed in v. (figurative) cover or envelop as if with liquid.luxury w He is working very hard all through the year without rest, and only at the end of the year he allows himself the luxury of a party. w Hot baths are my luxuries. (n-uncount) very great comfort 奢侈奢侈; 奢華奢華w He leads a life of

43、 considerable luxury. cf: luxurious adj. n. a pleasure which you dont often experience 享受享受.analyze w We will analyze the results of the poll and report on our findings tomorrow. w analyze the cause of our failure cf: analysis (pl. analyses) paralyze (-yze: 分解) v. examine sth. in detail in order to

44、understand it .with/by a small/large margin w by a narrow margin 勉強(qiáng)勉強(qiáng), 以微弱多數(shù)以微弱多數(shù), 比分相差不大地比分相差不大地 w Governor Bush won the election but by a small margin. w With the improvement of their living conditions, peoples demand for air-conditioning has increases by a large margin. / dramatically / drastical

45、ly margin of error 誤差幅度誤差幅度cf: by a large majority by an overwhelming majority by a majority of (votes)prep. by a small / large amount .error w I was guilty of making an error of judgment. w The plane was shot down in error by a NATO missile. Collocations: w 犯錯(cuò)誤犯錯(cuò)誤w 承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤w 糾正錯(cuò)誤糾正錯(cuò)誤cf: err v. To err is human. cf: error mistake fault defect (defective) flaw (flawless) n. mistake commit / ma