中考復(fù)習(xí)--名詞課件匯編

1、熟記已學(xué)過的名詞。熟記已學(xué)過的名詞。掌握掌握名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則掌握掌握名詞所有格的構(gòu)成名詞所有格的構(gòu)成及及其變化其變化。掌握掌握可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別及用法可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別及用法。中考考查形式：中考考查形式：選擇題、完形填空、看圖填選擇題、完形填空、看圖填空空復(fù)習(xí)策略復(fù)習(xí)策略:普通名詞普通名詞專有名詞專有名詞（人名、地名）（人名、地名） 可數(shù)名詞可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞名名詞詞flowerflowerswatchfactoryleaf boxesfactoriesesleavestomatoespotatoesheroesradiosphotoszoo

2、spianos可數(shù)名詞(3)(3)以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y y結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞, ,變變y為為i加加“es” /iz/ /iz/ * country countries * factory factories 但如果是元音字母加但如果是元音字母加y y 結(jié)尾的名詞則結(jié)尾的名詞則只須加只須加“s s” * boy boys holidayholiday- -holidayholidays s * monkey monkeys (4) (4) 以以f、fe 結(jié)尾的名詞結(jié)尾的名詞, ,變變f、fe 為為v再加再加“es” /vz/ /vz/half halves * shelf shelves

3、 * knife knives * leaf leaves 注意注意：有少數(shù)以f 或fe 結(jié)尾的名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí),只加-s，如：roofs, gulfs, chiefs族長(zhǎng) 等。但是，handkerchief/scarf 的復(fù)數(shù)形式可以是 handkerchiefs/scarfs，也可以是 handkerchieves/scarves。 There are many gulfs in the world . 世界上有許多海灣。child-childrenwoman-womendeersheepman-mengoose-geesedeer, people, means, fish（魚），Chi

4、nese， Japanese (3).(3).變變man為為 men a e a e a e （4）表示“某國(guó)人”的名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)： 1.中國(guó)人 (Chinese)、日本人 (Japanese)、瑞士人 (Swiss) 單復(fù)數(shù)同形。 2.英國(guó)/法國(guó)人改 a 為 e。如： 3.其他 以-an, -ian 結(jié)尾的各國(guó)人直接加-s。如：American(s),German(s), Russian(s), Australian(s), Indian(s), Korean(s)。mousemice childchildren與眾不同與眾不同chopstickstrousersglassesshoespe

5、ople clothes shoes pants, shorts, socks , trousers, glasses , chopsticks, scissors, goods 這些名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，注意它們的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)這些名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，注意它們的謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù);這類名詞用來表這類名詞用來表示數(shù)量時(shí)，示數(shù)量時(shí)，常需加常需加 pair, suit 等量詞。如：等量詞。如：a pair of trousers一一條褲子條褲子, two pairs of socks, a suit of clothes。 are 集體名詞如：police警察部門/警察people, class同學(xué)們/班, family家

6、人/家, team隊(duì)員/隊(duì), group, cattle 等表示由 若干個(gè)體組成的集合體。當(dāng)這類詞強(qiáng) 調(diào)每一個(gè)個(gè)體成員時(shí)，是復(fù)數(shù)概念， 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；如果強(qiáng)調(diào) 整個(gè)團(tuán)體，則視為單數(shù)概念，作主語(yǔ) 時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 但furniture, equipment, clothing 一類 的集體名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破isare2. The police_on the street when accident happened. A. is B . are C. was D. were 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破D1.Several _ are talk

7、ing under the treeAnd they are talking about_. Awoman; children Bwoman; child Cwomen; children2. There are three in my family. A. people B. person C. child3. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies CAA4. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A.

8、 sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife 5. There are four_and two_in the group. A. Japanese，Germen B. Japaneses，Germen C. Japanese，German D. Japanese，GermansDC復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)合名詞變復(fù)數(shù)a man teacher*They are all wom n worker sports,clothes（在另一名詞前）（在另一名詞前） sports clothes 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破小組討論以

9、下練習(xí)的答案并說明其原因小組討論以下練習(xí)的答案并說明其原因 Our hospital needs two_doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C.woman D. menD注意： (1) 有些名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式表示的意義不同。 如： two fish 兩條魚，two fishes 兩種魚類 some people一些人，some peoples 一些民族 (2) 有些名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但意義上是單數(shù)，一般看作單數(shù)名詞。如：news, mathematics/maths, physics, po

10、litics, the United States, Niagara Falls尼亞加拉大瀑布等。a bottle of juicea glass of orangetwo boxes of milk不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞屬于不可數(shù)名詞。如物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞屬于不可數(shù)名詞。如: :waterrice，fish，meatchalk，wood,medicinepaper物質(zhì)。work , time , space , money , weather music , English , homework , housework , advice , news information

11、,及表示液體、氣體的名稱及表示液體、氣體的名稱 is is a, an, one, twohow much much a little little a some any much little 注意：加在不可數(shù)名詞前的量詞是可數(shù)的，所以當(dāng)數(shù)詞大于 1 時(shí)，量詞要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式）。 room 空間，余地，地方 a room 一間房間 paper 紙 a paper 一份試卷/一篇論文 orange 橙子汁 an orange 一個(gè)橙子 chicken 雞肉 a chicken 一只小雞 1. Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a pieces C. a piec

12、eD. a piece of2. This table is made of_. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass3. What can I do for you, sir? Id like two_. A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks4. We can do the work better with_money and _ people. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little,

13、 little D. few, few DDCA 1. Beijing is the capital of China. Beijing is Chinas capital. 2. This is Mary and her sisters bedroom. Bob and Lucys sister is a nurse. 3. These are Toms and Lilys bags.的的看例題識(shí)所有格看例題識(shí)所有格4. She is the two boys mother. 5. the door of the room the leaves of the tree6. the girls

14、 name=the name of the girl7. He is a friend of my brothers. 無(wú)論無(wú)論是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，其所是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，其所有格只需在后面加有格只需在后面加“”mens clothes男式服裝男式服裝6. Lucy is _ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jacks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破D .表示“兩者(或以上)共同所有”時(shí)， 只需在最后一個(gè)名詞后加“s”；若表示“兩者(或以上)各自擁有”時(shí)，要在每一 個(gè)名詞后都加“s”。如： Luc

15、y and Lilys room 露西和莉莉的房間 (共同所有，只有一個(gè)房間，room 用單數(shù))5. Where is Tom?-He has gone to the _.A. teacher B. teachers C. teachers D. teachers 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破D在表示“某人的家”、“某 種從業(yè)者的工作地點(diǎn)(如店鋪、診所、餐館等)”的名詞所有格后面，一般省掉它所修飾的名詞。 如：at Mr.Whites (house) 在懷特先生家 ( (我姑姑家）我姑姑家）( (去老師辦公室）去老師辦公室）*at the barbers (shop)在理發(fā)店1. June 1st i

16、s _Day. All the Children enjoy it very much. A. Children B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Child2. The two bedroom are the _. A. twins B. twins C .twins D. twinsCC2. This pair of shorts_too expensive. I cant afford_.A. are, them B. are, itC. is, them D. is, it 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破C 3. The model plane was made by a

17、 _ boy. A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older C. ten-year-old D. ten-year old 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破C7. Look at that old man. He is_. A.a friend of my B. a friend of mine C. A mes friend D. a my friend 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破B* *物主代詞與物主代詞與a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any等等詞共同修飾名詞時(shí)，需用詞共同修飾名詞時(shí)，需用雙重所有格雙重所有格，其構(gòu)成為，其構(gòu)成為: :

18、 名詞名詞+of+of+名詞所有格（或名詞性物主代詞）如：名詞所有格（或名詞性物主代詞）如：that novel of her brothers 她兄弟的那本小說 friend of mineone of my friends 我的一位朋友some students of Johns some of Johns students 約翰的一些學(xué)生some inventions of Edisons愛迪生的一些發(fā)明雙重所有格雙重所有格8. Its _from our school to my home.A. ten minutes walk B. ten minutes walkC. ten mi

19、nute walk D. ten minutes walk 重難點(diǎn)突破重難點(diǎn)突破A表示時(shí)間、距離、長(zhǎng)度、重量、價(jià)格等的名詞的所有格要用“s”來表示。此表達(dá)可以和合成形容詞互換此表達(dá)可以和合成形容詞互換如：one hundred miles journey 一百英里的旅程 a boats length 一條船的長(zhǎng)度 two pounds weight 兩磅的重量 ten dollars worth 十美元的價(jià)值six minutes walka six-minute walk 步行六分鐘的路程注意：一些名詞表示所屬關(guān)系時(shí)，通常并不使用所有格，而是借助于某些介詞。如：the key to the

20、door 門的鑰匙the way to the school 去學(xué)校的路the answer to the question 問題的答案1. Ten years _ (is ,are) short time for me.2. A pair of shoes _ (is, are) under the bed.3. The number of the students in our school _ (is ,are) 2,000.4. The woman with two children _ ( is, are) coming here.5. Neither he nor I _ (are

21、, am ) an American.isisisisam指點(diǎn)迷津指點(diǎn)迷津6. Maths _ (are, is ) hard to learn for the boy.7. They are all _ ( woman, teachers; women teachers).8. The population of China _ (are, is ) over 1,300,000,000.isiswomen teachers9. There are many _ (peoples, people )in the street in summer.10. One of the students

22、 _ (have, has) gone to Shanghai.peoplehasThe Browns is going to visit China. ( )The Browns are going to visit China. ( )The young is dancing there. ( )The young are dancing there. ( )Physics are very difficult to learn. ( ) 典型例題解析典型例題解析Physics is very difficult to learn. ( )We have five Germen in th

23、is meeting. ( )We have five Germans in this meeting. ( )This is one of the English-Chinese dictionary. ( )This is one of the English-Chinese dictionaries. ( ) 根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空：根據(jù)所給單詞的正確形式填空：1. Different people may have different _. (idea)2. I often go to work on _. (foot)3. I know one of the_. (boy)4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of_. (glass)5. Please give them their _. (photo)ideasfootboysglassesphotosNOUN.6. Are there any _ in the bo