漢譯英中的邏輯關(guān)系處理

1、1漢譯英中的邏輯關(guān)系處理漢譯英中的邏輯關(guān)系處理 2提綱提綱I.兩種語言的差異II.應(yīng)對策略III.總結(jié)3I.兩種語言的差異兩種語言的差異句子結(jié)構(gòu)動詞形式表達習(xí)慣4漢語英語句子結(jié)構(gòu) 平行并列層次分明動詞形式 唯一多種表達習(xí)慣 依賴上下文 依賴關(guān)聯(lián)詞5原文：原文：推進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)展，/加快課程體系改革和招生考試制度改革，切實減輕中小學(xué)生過重課業(yè)負擔(dān)，/不斷加強教師隊伍、特別是郊區(qū)中小學(xué)教師隊伍建設(shè)，提高基礎(chǔ)教育整體水平。初譯初譯: : More support will be given to education in ex-urban areas to promote balanced dev

2、elopment of compulsory education. / We will push for curriculum and examination-based enrollment and reduce the excessive workload of primary and secondary school students. / We will continuously improve the competence of teachers and upgrade the overall level of primary education.6原文：原文：推進推進義務(wù)教育均衡發(fā)

3、展，加快加快課程體系改革和招生考試制度改革，切實減輕減輕中小學(xué)生過重課業(yè)負擔(dān)，不斷加強加強教師隊伍、特別是郊區(qū)中小學(xué)教師隊伍建設(shè)，提高基礎(chǔ)教育整體水平。終譯終譯: To improve the overall quality of basic education, we will take various measures, such as promoting the balanced development of compulsory education, accelerating reforms of curricula and entrance examinations, reducin

4、g the excessive workloads primary and secondary school students face, as well as improving the skills of teachers, especially those in primary and secondary schools in ex-urban areas.7II.應(yīng)對策略應(yīng)對策略8A. 分析句子邏輯關(guān)系分析句子邏輯關(guān)系9 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系原文：原文：全市社區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院進行了標準化建設(shè)，一大批公立醫(yī)院得到了改建和擴建，/公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急處置和醫(yī)療服務(wù)能力明顯增強。初譯初

5、譯: : We greatly strengthened our ability to handle public health emergencies and deliver health care/ by upgrading community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards, as well as by renovating and expanding a large number of public hospitals.10 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系 原文：原文：全市社

6、區(qū)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)中心和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院進行了標準化建設(shè)，/一大批公立醫(yī)院得到了改建和擴建，/公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急處置和醫(yī)療服務(wù)能力明顯增強。 終譯終譯: We upgraded community health service centers and town/township clinics to meet defined standards,/ renovated and expanded a large number of public hospitals, /and improved our capacity to handle public health emergencies and deliver

7、health care. 11 原文：原文：保持速度與結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量、效益相統(tǒng)一初譯：初譯：align speed with structure, quality and efficiency分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系12 分析邏輯關(guān)系分析邏輯關(guān)系原文：原文：保持速度保持速度與結(jié)構(gòu)、質(zhì)量、效益相統(tǒng)一相統(tǒng)一終譯：終譯：maintain momentum while pursuing structural optimization, quality and efficiency at the same time 13B. 搭建句子結(jié)構(gòu)搭建句子結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整句序變換動詞形式添加14 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序原文：原文：

8、完善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，加大政府投入力度，建立逐年遞增的籌資機制，/ 進一步提高農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障水平。初譯初譯：The government will establish a funding system to increase its input year on year in developing the new rural cooperative medical system / and make it an effective vehicle to enhance health care for farmers. 15 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文：原文：完善新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度，加大政府投入

9、力度，建立逐年遞增的籌資機制，進一步提高農(nóng)民醫(yī)療保障水平 。 終譯終譯: The government is committed to providing better health care to farmers by refining the rural cooperative medical system and increasing its inputs through a funding mechanism allowing for annual increments. 16 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文原文：健全法律法規(guī)、強化技術(shù)支撐、加強政策引導(dǎo)、明確管理職責(zé)、廣泛宣傳教育，/ 切實抓

10、好節(jié)地節(jié)能節(jié)水節(jié)材，提高資源綜合利用效率。初譯初譯：We must improve relevant laws and regulations, give a bigger role to technologies, / so as to make substantial achievements in the conservation of and enhance the efficiency of integrated resources consumption.17 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序原文原文：健全法律法規(guī)、強化技術(shù)支撐、加強政策引導(dǎo)、明確管理職責(zé)、廣泛宣傳教育，切實抓好節(jié)地節(jié)能節(jié)水節(jié)材，

11、提高資源綜合利用效率 。 終譯終譯: In order to attain tangible results in the conservation of land, energy, water and raw materials and enhance the efficiency of resource utilization, / we must improve relevant laws and regulations, and launch an extensive public awareness campaign. 18 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序 原文：原文：推進工業(yè)、交通、建筑和民用節(jié)

12、能，/對消耗高、污染重、技術(shù)落后的工藝和產(chǎn)品實施強制性淘汰制度，/新建建筑嚴格實施節(jié)能50%的設(shè)計標準，強化能源需求側(cè)管理。/加強風(fēng)能、太陽能等新能源開發(fā)利用。初譯：初譯：In order to step up our efforts of energy conservation / we must impose close-down orders upon ./ We must also strengthen the management over the side of energy demand by forcefully applying the new rule / In addit

13、ion, the development and use of new energies . 19 調(diào)整句序調(diào)整句序原文：原文：推進工業(yè)、交通、建筑和民用節(jié)能，對消耗高、污染重、技術(shù)落后的工藝和產(chǎn)品實施強制性淘汰制度，新建建筑嚴格實施節(jié)能50%的設(shè)計標準，強化能源需求側(cè)管理。加強風(fēng)能、太陽能等新能源開發(fā)利用 。 終譯：終譯：Besides developing alternative energy sources , we must implement demand-side management to reduce energy consumption for . Measures in t

14、his regard must include phasing out and enforcing green design standards 202. 變換動詞形式變換動詞形式現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞21 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞原文原文：落實上海實施科教興市戰(zhàn)略行動綱要，/ 科技創(chuàng)新力度明顯加大，創(chuàng)新環(huán)境進一步優(yōu)化。初譯初譯: Effective measures were taken to implement Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizing the City through Science and Education. /More scientifi

15、c and technological innovations were made and the environment for innovation was improved. 22 現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞原文原文：落實上海實施科教興市戰(zhàn)略行動綱要，科技創(chuàng)新力度明顯加大，創(chuàng)新環(huán)境進一步優(yōu)化。 終譯終譯: We implemented Shanghais Plan of Action for Revitalizing the City through Science and Education, bolstering the innovation environment and making lo

16、cal technological innovation significantly more dynamic. 23 過去分詞過去分詞原文原文：錯誤和挫折教訓(xùn)了我們，使我們比較地聰明起來了，我們的事情就辦得比較好一些。（毛澤東選集四卷，1417頁）1譯文譯文：Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handle our affairs better. 1 引自漢英翻譯教程P155243. 添加添加邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系概括性概括性標點符號標點符號25邏輯邏輯-目的關(guān)系目的關(guān)系 原文原文：以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以項目為載體,/ 以產(chǎn)

17、業(yè)化 導(dǎo)向,加強政策引導(dǎo),/ 推動產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密結(jié)合。 初譯初譯：Driven by businesses themselves and projects, / guided by various policies towards industrialization, / the industry, academia and research community could form an alliance. 26邏輯邏輯-目的關(guān)系目的關(guān)系 原文原文：以企業(yè)為主導(dǎo),以項目為載體,以產(chǎn)業(yè)化 導(dǎo)向,加強政策引導(dǎo),推動產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密結(jié)合。 終譯終譯：We must use stronger policy i

18、ncentives to encourage enterprises to take the lead in engaging universities and the research community in collaborative research projects, so as to bring research results to the market faster.27邏輯邏輯-并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系 原文原文：（產(chǎn)業(yè)布局進一步優(yōu)化，）中心城區(qū)服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴大，2005年第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值比重預(yù)計達到75%；/郊區(qū)先進制造業(yè)集聚發(fā)展。 初譯初譯：Specifically speaki

19、ng, the service industry experienced on-going expansion in the city proper which drove the share of the tertiary sector in the citys added value up to almost 75%./ , the ex-urban areas has become an important base of manufacturing industry. 28邏輯邏輯-并列關(guān)系并列關(guān)系 原文原文：（產(chǎn)業(yè)布局進一步優(yōu)化，）中心城區(qū)服務(wù)業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴大，2005年第三產(chǎn)業(yè)增加值

20、比重預(yù)計達到75%；郊區(qū)先進制造業(yè)集聚發(fā)展。 終譯終譯：On the one hand, the city proper has seen its service sector grow in size, now accounting for 75% of its economic growth. On the other hand, Shanghais ex-urban areas are attracting and spawning more and more manufacturing businesses. 29邏輯邏輯-因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系 原文原文：消費需求逐步擴大，投資和出口結(jié)構(gòu)繼

21、續(xù)優(yōu)化，/ 保持了投資、消費、出口共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局。 初譯初譯：We gradually expanded the consumption demand and continued to optimize the investment structure and export mix / so that our economy was driven together by investment, consumption and export. 30邏輯邏輯-因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系 原文原文：消費需求逐步擴大，投資和出口結(jié)構(gòu)繼續(xù)優(yōu)化，/保持了投資、消費、出口共同拉動經(jīng)濟增長的格局。 終譯終譯：C

22、onsumption demand has been growing steadily and the structure of investment and exports is becoming more and more optimal, / contributing in turn to balanced economic growth driven by investment, consumption and exports. 31概括性概括性 原文原文：信息產(chǎn)品制造業(yè)要強化研發(fā)設(shè)計，進一步完善產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，/ 加快發(fā)展集成電路、新型元器件、新一代移動通信等重點產(chǎn)業(yè)。 初譯初譯：In th

23、e area of ICT products manufacturing, we stress the stronger capacities as well as / To this end, we must accelerate the development of such key industries 32概括性概括性 原文原文：信息產(chǎn)品制造業(yè)要強化研發(fā)設(shè)計，進一步完善產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，加快發(fā)展集成電路、新型元器件、新一代移動通信等重點產(chǎn)業(yè)。 終譯：In the area of ICT product manufacturing, our challenge is to enhance R&am

24、p;D and design capacities, and build up competencies across the whole value chain, focusing particularly on such key industries as integrated circuits, new generation components and next-generation mobile telecommunications systems. 33概括性概括性 原文原文：加強大氣污染治理，以實施燃煤電廠煙氣脫硫為重點，有效控制煤煙型污染、揚塵污染、機動車尾氣污染。 初譯初譯：

25、taking effective measures to control pollution caused by coal burning, dusts and vehicle exhausts. 終譯終譯：taking effective measures to control sources of air pollution such as coal combustion, dust and vehicle exhausts. 34概括性概括性 原文原文：依托國際航運中心建設(shè)，促進國際中轉(zhuǎn)物流發(fā)展，加快臨港、外高橋、浦東空港、西北綜合物流園區(qū)等重要物流基地建設(shè) 初譯初譯：By levera

26、ging the development of the international shipping center, we must promote and speed up the development of such key logistics bases as 終譯終譯：With regard to the modern logistics industry, we must increase international transshipment volumes through Shanghai by, speed up the development of our key logi

27、stics bases 35 概括性概括性 原文原文：堅持需要與可能相結(jié)合，/ 積極主動，分類逐步解決城鎮(zhèn)職工老年遺屬、無保障高齡老人的醫(yī)療和生活保障問題，/ 以及未成年人等群體的醫(yī)療保障問題。 初譯初譯: We should stick to the practice of taking both necessity and possibility into consideration / and work to provide to the bereaved family members of urban employees and the seniors yet to be covered by social security system / and for family members of employees and minors. 36概括性概括性 原文原文：堅持需要與可能相結(jié)合，積極主動，分類逐步解決城鎮(zhèn)職工老年遺屬、無保障高齡老