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1、現(xiàn)代英語語法自考題-15( 總分: 102.00 ,做題時(shí)間: 90 分鐘 )一、BPART ONE/B(總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)二、B填空題/B(總題數(shù):0,分?jǐn)?shù):0.00)三、BSection A/B(總題數(shù):21,分?jǐn)?shù):42.00)1.I think the noise 1 (come) below the window. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: comes from )解析: 解析 譯文:我認(rèn)為噪音來源于窗戶下面。 come from 意為來自于,是固定短語。主句為一般現(xiàn)在 時(shí),因此從句也應(yīng)選一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案為 comes from 。2.The vas

2、e 1 (sit) dangerously over the edge of the balcony. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: is sitting )解析: 解析 譯文:這個(gè)花瓶被放在了陽臺的邊緣上。由于本句的主語為物,選用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可以表示 事物目前的狀態(tài),因此本句選用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)最符合。答案為is sitting 。3.They 1 (negotiate) for three hours now and neither party seems to be willing to compromise. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: have

3、been negotiating )解析: 解析 譯文:他們已經(jīng)談判了三個(gè)小時(shí)了,雙方似乎都不愿妥協(xié)。句中for three hours 是表示一段時(shí)間的狀語,也是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。句意暗示著這個(gè)談判有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。這時(shí)就適合用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn) 行時(shí)來表示。答案為 have been negotiating 。4.We 1 (call) on you yesterday, but we had visitors ourselves. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: were going to call )解析: 解析 譯文: 昨天我們本要去拜訪你,但是我們卻有了訪客。打算做某事,

4、 可以用 be going to do,因?yàn)橛?yesterday的出現(xiàn),說明時(shí)態(tài)為過去時(shí),因此 be 動詞要用過去式。答案為 were going to call 。 5.Ive forgotten to return the key ofthe safe. People 1 (must look) everywhere for it.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: must have been looking )解析: 解析 譯文:我忘了把保險(xiǎn)柜的鑰匙放回去了。人們一定在到處找它。對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行 十分肯定的推測采用 must have done 的形式。 由于

5、 kook 的動作還在持續(xù), 應(yīng)照進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。 答案為 must have been looking 。6.It is very typical of you. You 1 (always lose) things.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: are always losing )解析: 解析 譯文:你就是這樣,老是丟東西。 be always doing 表示“老是做某事”,帶有責(zé)備的口吻。 答案為 arealways losing 。7.Mary is naughty, but she 1 (be) a good girl today. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng)

6、1:_ (正確答案: is being )解析: 解析 譯文:瑪麗很淘氣,但是她今天卻一直是個(gè)好孩子。today 表明了事情持續(xù)的時(shí)間段,因此可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào) (強(qiáng)調(diào)瑪麗與以往不同的表現(xiàn) ) 。答案為 is being 。8.It is time we 1 (think) about drawing up a detailed plan for the project. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: thought )解析: 解析 Its time+that clause 時(shí), that 可省略, time 可由 high 或 about 修飾,從句中的謂語動 詞有兩

7、種形式, 用動詞的過去式 (be 用 were) ,或者用 should+ 動詞原形 (should 不能省略 ) 。此句型為虛擬 語氣句型,表示“現(xiàn)在某人該做某事了”,含有該事早該去做而未做,現(xiàn)在去做似乎都為時(shí)已晚的意思。答案為 thought 。9.Id rather you 1 (not interfere) with her. Leave her alone. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: didnt interfere )解析:解析本句主要考查 would rather的用法。would rather意為希望某人做.,其構(gòu)成為wouldrather sb. di

8、d sth./didnt do sth.。答案為 didnt interfere 。10. He is a teacher at a high school, but these days he 1 (work) on a farm.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: is working )解析: 解析 譯文:他是一所高中的老師,但是這些天他在一所農(nóng)場工作。these days 表明目前狀態(tài)的持續(xù)的時(shí)間,因此應(yīng)選用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。答案為 is working 。11. The boy 1 (constantly ask) questions when he began to s

9、tudy mathematics. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: was constantly asking )解析:解析從句中的 when 表示當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候,主句一般用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)閺木錇檫^去時(shí),因此主句要 和從句保持時(shí)態(tài)上的一致。同時(shí)要注意副詞 constantly 要放到動詞 ask 的前面。答案為 was constantly asking 。12.1 regret to inform you that they 1 (turn down) your application.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: have turned down )解析:

10、 解析 從句的動作發(fā)生在 regret 之前,所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案為 have turned down 。13.Mumps is a very common disease which 1 (usually affect) children. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: usually affects )解析: 解析 本題主要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致,主句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),關(guān)系從句一般與其保持一致。答案為usuallyaffects 。14.1 1 (switch off) the air conditioner, already.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案:

11、have/had switched off )解析: 解析 譯文:我已經(jīng)關(guān)了空調(diào)。 句中有 already 時(shí),一般用完成時(shí)。 答案為 have/had switched off 。 15.If we1 (not build) the reservoir, there would have been a terrible flood.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: hadnt built )解析:解析if 引導(dǎo)的條件句表示與過去事實(shí)相反,其句子結(jié)構(gòu)為:從句為 lf+主語+had+動詞的過去分 詞形式,主句為主語 +would (should , could , might)

12、+have+ 動詞的過去分詞形式。答案為 hadnt built 。16. What are you talking about? You 1 (disturb) the class.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: are disturbing )解析: 解析 譯文:你們在談?wù)撌裁词虑??一直在打擾我們上課。當(dāng)要表示帶有感情色彩,某種令人不悅 的情況時(shí),可用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)來表達(dá)這種意思。根據(jù)句意,可以知道他們的談話擾亂了上課。答案為aredisturbing 。17. The employers 1 (start) negotiations as soon as the men

13、 return to work.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: will start )解析: 解析 譯文:人們一回到工作,這些雇主們就會開始協(xié)商?!伴_始協(xié)商”發(fā)生在return to work之后,因此應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。答案為 will start 。18.If only they 1 (stop) this constant complaining.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: stopped )解析: 解析 譯文:如果他們可以停止無休止的抱怨該多好 !if only 表示對現(xiàn)在或未來的愿望,但是現(xiàn) 實(shí)卻正相反,根據(jù)題意可知, 本句表達(dá)的是對現(xiàn)在情況

14、的虛擬,謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去式。答案為 stopped 。19.My purse is missing.I 1 (just lose) it.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: have just lost )解析: 解析 譯文:我的錢包不見了,我剛剛丟的。句子為現(xiàn)在時(shí),丟失錢包的事情就發(fā)生在剛才,因此 可以選用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在的影響( 即 missing) 。答案為 have just lost 。20.Im afraid you 1 (have) to be responsible for everything you do after youre ei

15、ghteen. (分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 ) 填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: will have )解析:解析譯文:我擔(dān)心你 18 歲以后,將不得不為自己所做的一切事情的負(fù)責(zé)任?!盀樽约核龅摹笔前l(fā)生在將來的事情,因此應(yīng)用一般將來時(shí)。答案為 will have 。21.Look at the dark clouds. It 1 (rain).(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: is going to rain )解析: 解析 譯文:看那些黑色的云。馬上就要下雨了。前半句提供的情境說明“下雨”是會發(fā)生的。begoing to 結(jié)構(gòu)可表示按照計(jì)劃或事情的發(fā)展一定會發(fā)生某事。答案為 is g

16、oing to rain 。四、B改錯(cuò)題/B(總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù):20.00)22.Its raining. Well get wet if we will go out.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: we will goTwe go)解析: 解析 譯文:下雨了,如果我們出去的話將會淋濕的。 If 條件句中,如果從句談?wù)摰氖菍砜赡?發(fā)生的事實(shí),主句一般用一般將來時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。答案為we will goTwe go。23.Have you seen him just now?(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: Have you seenTDid y

17、ou see )解析:解析譯文:你剛才看見他了嗎?題干中的 just now 意為“剛剛,剛才”,是表示過去的時(shí)間狀語, 而且 see 是短暫性的動詞,表示看見的結(jié)果,要用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。答案為Have you seen Did you see。24.1 am knowing that it was done by Tom.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: I am knowingTI know)解析:解析譯文:我知道這事是湯姆干的。know 表示已經(jīng)知道的狀態(tài),不能用進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案為 lamknowingTI know。25.He has left ten minutes ag

18、o.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: has leftTleft )解析: 解析 譯文:他十分鐘之前就走了。題干中的 ten minutes ago 是過去的時(shí)間狀語,謂語要用一般 過去式。答案為 has leftTleft 。26.1 lived in Japan since 1967.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: l livedTl have lived或 l have been living )解析: 解析 譯文:自從 1967 年以來我就一直住在日本。本題有 since+ 過去的時(shí)間,主句要用現(xiàn)在完成 時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),表示動作從過去的某個(gè)時(shí)間

19、一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。題干中的時(shí)間狀語為since 1967 ,主句的 live 要用 have lived 或 have been living( 強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還住在日本 ) 。答案為 l livedTl hav e lived 或 l have beenliving 。27.I have been seeing the movie three times, and now I want to see it again.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案:seeing seen)解析: 解析 譯文:這個(gè)電影我已經(jīng)看過三遍了,現(xiàn)在我還想再看一次。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的基本構(gòu)成是have/has+

20、過去分詞,因此原句中的seeing 應(yīng)改為 seen。答案為 seeingseen。28.Suddenly I remembered that I forgot the tickets.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案:I forgot had forgot )解析: 解析 譯文:突然我記起我忘記拿票了。根據(jù)句意知 forget 發(fā)生在 remembered 之前, forget 是 過去的過去發(fā)生的動作,要用過去完成時(shí)。答案為 I forgot had forgot 。29.I was waiting an hour when she appeared.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )

21、填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: was waiting had been waiting )解析: 解析 譯文:我等了一個(gè)小時(shí)后她才出現(xiàn)。分析句意知 wait 發(fā)生在 appear 之前,且在 appear 之 前 wait 這個(gè)動作一直持續(xù)著, wait 要用進(jìn)行時(shí);題干中 appear 用的是過去式, wait 發(fā)生在過去的過去, 要用過去完成時(shí)。綜上所述,wait 要用過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。答案為was waiting had been waiting。30.Im sorry I dont know when he comes. Ill tell you about it as soon as

22、he comes.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: when he comeswill come )解析: 解析 譯文:抱歉,我不知道他什么時(shí)候來。一旦他來了,我會立刻告訴你。句中的I dont know后面的從句應(yīng)該用一般將來時(shí), 因?yàn)椤八裁磿r(shí)候會來 ?”很明顯表述的是將來才發(fā)生的動作。答案為 whenhe comeswill c ome31.Im going to buy a new coat. The weather report says it is very cold.(分?jǐn)?shù): 2.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案:isTis going to be )解析:解

23、析天氣預(yù)報(bào)一般是播報(bào)最近的天氣情況,因此可用將來時(shí)態(tài)的 be going to 表示。答案為 is Tsgoing to be 。五、B簡答題/B(總題數(shù):10,分?jǐn)?shù):40.00)32. What is the system of two tenses and two aspects?(分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: English verbs have two tensesthe present tense andthe past tense. On the formal basis, we recognize two aspect forms the progressiv

24、e aspect andthe perfective aspect. ) 解析:33. Why do most contemporary English grammarians adopt a two-tense system?(分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: If tense is related to time and in terms of the verbform related to time, it is said that there are only two tenses because there are two verb forms found relat

25、ed to timepresent time and past time. This two-tense system excludes future tensebecause there is such verb forms like do/did denoting future time.)解析: 34.If tense is related to time, what is aspect related to?(分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: Tense is related to time. It is the verb form denotingthe time w

26、hen the action or the state takes place. For example, do is a verb form telling of the present time when theaction takes place. However did is a different verb form because it tells of the past time when the action took place.Aspect, like tense is a verb form denoting the state of the action at pres

27、ent time or in the past time. For example: doingindicates that the action is/was not completed, while done indicates that the action is/was completed.解析:35.Given the present time as its most important meaning, what is special about the simple present when it is used torefer to the past and the futur

28、e?(分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 ) 填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: When the simple present refers to the past, it bringsthe past events or states to the present time as if they were actually happening at the moment of speech. It is used innarrative writing to achieve vividness. It can also be found in (1)newspaper headlines, (2)photogra

29、phic captions,(3)stage directions and (4)utterances with verbs of communication (say, hear, tell, etc.). Simple present referring to thefuture is common in dependent clauses. In an independent clause (or main clause), the simple present is used to refer toa future event that will definitely happen.)

30、解析:36.Why is the past tense often used for politeness? (分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: Because the past tense can makea question or a statementor a suggestion less direct. It is more polite to use the past tense on the part of the speaker. ) 解析:37.Why can some non-progressive verbs occur in the progressiv

31、e form? (分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: Somenon-progressive verbs can occur in the progressiveform, which happens in the circumstances where they suggest temporariness, gradual increase or decrease. ) 解析:38.What is special about the present perfect progressive in its finished use? (分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案

32、: The present perfect progressive can be used to referto an immediate past event whose result is still operative at the moment of speech, in case it refers to a finished eventthat belongs to very recent past.)解析:39.List at least 4 means of expressing future time. (分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: (1)Will/sh

33、all do sth. (e.g. Ill come and see you nextweek.) (2)Be going to do sth. (e.g. Mygrandma is going to learn to drive.) (3)Present progressive. (e.g. The trees arelosing their leaves soon.) (4)Simple present. (e.g. Tomorrow is Saturday.) ) 解析:40.Are will/shall do sth. and be going to do sth. always interchangeable? Why or why not? (分?jǐn)?shù): 4.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1:_ (正確答案: No, they are not always

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