護本15年練習卷4

1、上海交通大學網絡學院醫(yī)學院分院2015年（13春、秋年級）畢業(yè)理論綜合考試練習卷（4）專業(yè)：護 理 學（專升本）一、英語：(30%)I Vocabulary & StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.1What you say now is not _ with wh

2、at you said yesterday Ainsistent Bprevalent Cconsistent Dpermanent2Putting prisoners in chains doesnt solve the _ 0f crime，such as poverty or disaffection within societyAcauses Bvictims Cpurposes Dincreases3The book fair has received a positive _ _ from readers.A. result B. response C. settlement D.

3、 solution4If the operation _ _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful.A. was not B. has not been C. had not been D. were not5No sooner had we reached home a violent storm broke out.A. when B. that Cuntil Dthan6People differone another their ability to handle stress.A. from.to Bfrom.in

4、 C. for.in D. in.from7He was specifically asked to write a play that would be_to the local community.A. flexible B. Accessible C. Responsible D. Capable8It is strongly held that new_must be introduced to protect the right of the immigrants.A. statistics B. constructions C. measures D. Concessions9 J

5、ohnson was _unknown before running for the presidency.A. visibly B. visually C. vertically D. virtually10The volunteers would rather go by train than_.A. to drive B. drive C. driven D. to be driven11If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_ .A. aggression B. advantage C. alternative

6、 D. ambition12Dont trust everything_ you have read in the newspapers.A. which B. that C. as D. what13_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A. What B. Which C. That D. Who14It is not decided _ the conference will be held.A. what B. which C. when D. that15A computer can only do _you have i

7、nstructed it to do. A. how B. after C. what D. when16-John, when shall we meet again, Thursday or Friday? -_. Ill be off to London then. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None17-The Modern Art Exhibition in the City Museum has been cancelled. -Oh, no!_. A. Its a pity B. It doesnt matter C. I knew it a

8、lready D. Its not interesting at all18Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _.We must act immediately before theres left.A. have run out B. are running outC. have been run out D. are being run out19It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _ Zheng sailed to East AfricaA. wh

9、en B. that C. after D. since20New technologies have made _ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.A. that B. this C. one D. it II. ClozeHowever careful one may be, he cannot possibly listen carefully to everything that he hears. There are 21 of reasons for this. One of them is

10、the overload of messages most of us 22 each day. In addition to the numerous hours we spend hearing other people speak, we may spend several hours listening to the radio or sitting in front of a television set. 23 , it is impossible to focus our attention completely on what is said; our mind might b

11、e wandering elsewhere. Preoccupation with our personal concerns is 24 reason we don't always listen carefully. A romance gone sour or a good grade on a test may take prominence in our mind even as 25 is speaking to us. Furthermore, we are surrounded by all kinds of noises which interfere with li

12、stening.21. A. the number B. a number C. number D. numbers22. A. accept B. obtain C. receive D. possess23. A. Besides B. Whereas C. Otherwise D. Nevertheless24. A. other B. some C. the other D. another25. A. anyone B. everyone C. someone D. fewIII. Reading ComprehensionDirections: There is a passage

13、 in this part. The passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the best answer to each question based on the passage.Passage：There was a strange girl in my high school whom we all called the Bird. We

14、 called her that because of her nervous, birdlike movements.Her skin looked as if it had never felt the sun, and there was usually a red spot in the middle of her forehead.She had thin black hair on her arms long enough to comb, and she wore clothes that had been out of fashion since Shirley Temple&

15、#39;s time.She was so often laughed at that it shames me to this day to think that I was part of it.Oh, I never laughed at her in her face; I wasn't that brave.I'd wait until she hurried by and join the other guys.And it's important when you're a teenager to join in the laughter so t

16、hat the laughter will not turn on you.I remember one day when the Bird was surrounded by three or four rude guys who had stopped her in the hall between classes. They were moving their arms up and down like birds and shouting in her ear.She was terrified and there was fright in her eyes.A couple of

17、her books fell to the floor.Then this girl came out of nowhere.I'd never seen such anger in a girl before.She went up to the leader of the guys and shouted angrily, “Stop it!Can't you see what you're doing?”The guys backed off, astonished.Then the girl went over to the Bird and put her a

18、rm around her shoulders and walked her to class.I thought about the Bird when I read about Nathan Faris, the little boy who shot a classmate and killed himself after being laughed at by the kids in his school. I thought of how I had been part of her misery, how more than twenty years later it still

19、bothered me.But I also thought of what I had learned that day about respect and bravery, about being a human being, from a girl whose name I don't even know.And I wonder whether that one act of kindness might have saved another girl's life.26The girl was called the Bird mainly because of her

20、_.A. outdated dressB. color of her hairC. physical appearance D. birdlike actions27The author joined other teenagers in laughing at the Bird because he_.A. shared their opinion of her nervous actionsB. did not dare to laugh at her in her faceC. feared that they would laugh at him D. was ashamed of h

21、er peculiar movements28When the kind girl came to the Bird's help, the teenagers were_.A. angry B. afraid C. shocke D. ashamed29The story of Nathan Faris reminded the author that_.A. he should have asked the girl's nameB. a kind act may change a person's lifeC. boys were not as brave as

22、girls in school D. the girl had saved the life of the Bird30What the author learns from the kind girl is_.A. shame and miseryB. respect and courageC. shame and kindnessD. respect and love二、健康評估：（25%）A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案）：31下述各項中，應當在對病人進行問診時，不應該出現(xiàn)的是： A復述患者敘述的內容或提出質疑 B對患者表述的問題進行解析C澄清相關內容 D打斷患者的敘述 32個

23、體沉溺于病人角色，對自我能力懷疑，對原承擔的角色恐懼，其發(fā)生的角色適應不良被稱為是 A. 病人角色沖突 B. 病人角色缺如 C. 病人角色強化 D. 病人角色消退 33糖尿病酮癥酸中毒患者，會出現(xiàn)： A惡臭味 B氨味 C蒜味 D爛蘋果味34下列有關超聲檢查的敘述錯誤的是 A. 常規(guī)肝、膽、胰B超檢查要求空腹, 膽道檢查的準備要求禁食8hr,且檢查前一天晚清淡飲食 B. 肝硬化聲像圖顯示肝表面“鋸齒狀”或凸凹狀,肝實質回聲不均勻增強C. 超聲檢查是診斷膽囊結石最簡便、最準確的方法、準確率95%D. 膽囊結石B超顯示為強回聲光團,后伴聲影,且不隨體位變動而移動 35對疾病預防的描述，下列陳述錯誤的

24、是 A. 一級預防是在疾病發(fā)生的早期針對病因采取的措施。B. 一級預防包括健康促進與健康保護兩個方面。C. 二級預防主要是在疾病的潛伏期的預防措施，為阻止或延緩疾病發(fā)展而采取的措施D三級預防主要包括對癥治療和康復治療36傷寒、副傷寒時出現(xiàn)的特征性皮疹是： A斑丘疹 B蜘蛛痣 C蕁麻疹 D玫瑰疹 37下列各種疾病中，是由于甲狀腺素分泌不足引起的是A. 侏儒癥 B. Addisons 病 C. 呆小癥 D. 卵巢多囊癥38瞳孔縮小見于： A阿托品中毒 B有機磷中毒 C可卡因藥物反應D視神經萎縮 39正常成人胸廓前后徑與橫徑之比為： A1:1 B1:1.5 C1:2 D1:2.5 40“三凹征”是哪

25、一種呼吸困難的特征表現(xiàn)？ A呼氣性呼吸困難 B吸氣性呼吸困難 C心源性呼吸困難D精神性呼吸困難 41哮鳴音可出現(xiàn)在： A肺淤血 B肺結核空洞 C支氣管肺炎 D阻塞性肺氣腫 42男，18歲右側胸痛2周，伴呼吸困難。體檢發(fā)現(xiàn)：氣管左偏，右側胸廓飽滿，叩診濁音；右側呼吸音及語音震顫均減弱。最有可能的診斷是：A右側大葉性肺炎 B右側氣胸 C右側肺不張 D右側胸腔積液 43心包積液的心濁音界特征為：A心濁音界向左下增大 B心濁音界向右增大 C 梨形心 D心界向兩側增大，并隨體位而改變 44毛細血管搏動征、槍擊音，見于脈壓增大的疾病，此時脈搏可出現(xiàn)： A無脈 B細脈 C奇脈 D水沖脈 45以下哪一項不一定

26、說明心臟有器質性病變？ A舒張期雜音 B心包摩檫音 C奔馬律 D心律不齊46腹部檢查，最主要和常用的檢查方法是： A視診 B聽診 C叩診 D觸診 47關于腹部反跳痛不正確的是： A檢查時腹部出現(xiàn)壓痛后手指于原處稍停片刻，見于急慢性腹膜炎 B檢查時腹部出現(xiàn)壓痛后迅速抬手 C當突然抬手時腹膜被牽拉引起疼痛 D陽性說明腹膜壁層已受累及 48露齒時鼻唇溝變淺，腦神經受損是指：A三叉神經 B面神經 C位聽神經 D舌下神經 49指鼻試驗用于檢查： A不隨意運動 B肌張力 C共濟運動 D復合感覺 50屬于淺反射的是： A提睪反射 B肱二頭肌反射 C膝腱反射 DOppenheim征 51男性，66歲，昏迷，皮

27、膚黏膜呈櫻紅色，提示可能存在：A亞硝酸鹽中毒 B酮癥酸中毒 C巴比妥類中毒 D一氧化碳中毒52關于家庭的敘述，不正確的是：A家庭至少應包含2個成員，可以是基于婚姻關系而形成的社會共同體B家庭可以是基于血緣關系而形成的社會共同體C家庭可以是基于收養(yǎng)關系而形成的社會共同體D家庭的功能不包括社會化功能53在美國，通常將罹患癌癥的信息直接告訴患者，而在我國告訴患者時比較謹慎。這主要是因為： A宗教信仰不同 B種族背景不同 C價值觀不同拜 D道德和法律不同 54甲狀腺吸碘率測定前，應告訴患者停用含碘量高的食物，主要是： A牛、羊肉 B蚌、魚、蝦、蟹 C豆及豆制品新鮮蔬菜 D海帶、紫菜、海蟄、苔條55因搶

28、救危重病人未能及時書寫的記錄，應在多少時間內據(jù)實補記，并注明“補記”？ A6小時內 B12小時內 C24小時內 D36小時內 三、成人護理學（45%）：A型題（在一組備選答案中，選擇一個最佳答案）：56肺癌的早期癥狀是： A咳嗽，痰中帶血 B咳膿痰 C大咯血 D聲音嘶啞 57支氣管擴張大咯血窒息患者，應采取的正確臥位是： A頭低位 B俯臥位 C平臥位 D端坐臥位 58治療支氣管哮喘時，快速靜脈注射氨茶堿的主要副作用為：A口干和皮疹 B心律失常和低血壓 C腹痛和腹瀉 D耳鳴和高血壓 59急性呼吸衰竭是指動脈血氧分壓（PaO2）：A 3.65 kPa B 4.65 kPa C 5.65 kPa D

29、 6.65 kPa 60慢性肺源性心臟病主要死亡原因是( )A. 肺性腦病 B.心力衰竭 C.肝衰竭 D. 心律失常 61急性心肌梗死發(fā)病后24小時內致死的最常見原因是（ ）A.心源性休克 B. 急性房顫 C.急性左心衰竭 D.室性心律失常 62下列屬于度房室傳導阻滯心電圖表現(xiàn)的是：APR間期進行性延長，直至QRS波群脫落 BPR間期超過0.20秒，無QRS波群脫落CPP間隔相等，RR間隔相等 DP 波頻率大于QRS波頻率6312.心絞痛發(fā)作時首要的處理措施為 A.立即進行心電監(jiān)護 B.舌下含化硝酸甘油 C. 讓病人立即停止活動，坐下休息 D. 舌下含化硝酸異山梨酯 64高血壓患者最常受累的臟

30、器為：A腎臟 B腦 C眼底 D心臟 65不能采用介入治療方法的為：A冠心病心絞痛 B二尖瓣狹窄 C陣發(fā)性室性心動過速 D肥厚性梗阻型心臟病 66上消化道嘔出大量鮮紅色血液，且不易控制的常見病為：A消化性潰瘍出血 B應激性潰瘍出血 C食管胃底靜脈曲張破裂出血 D急性出血性胃炎出血 67門靜脈高壓最危急的并發(fā)癥是：A食管、胃底靜脈曲張破裂 B肝性腦病 C脾功能亢進D嚴重頑固性腹水 68肝硬化失代償期的檢查結果不正確的為： A凝血因子減少，血紅蛋白減低 B雄激素減少 C腎上腺糖皮質激素減少 D雌激素減少 69肝昏迷病人昏迷期的檢查結果不包括：A肌張力降低，各種反射消失 B抽搐 C腦電圖異常 D撲翼樣

31、震顫70確診胃癌最可靠的方法為：A消化道鋇餐 B大便潛血陽性 C胃B超 D纖維胃鏡 71提示上消化道出血停止的臨床表現(xiàn)是：A腸鳴音亢進 B黑便次數(shù)增加 C脈壓變小 D末梢循環(huán)改善 72引起急性腎炎水腫的機制是：A大量蛋白尿導致低蛋白血癥 B腎小球濾過率下降 C血漿膠體滲透壓降低 D毛細血管通透性增高 73慢性腎衰竭患者需嚴格記錄出入液量是因為患者有：A脫水 B水腫 C脫水或水腫 D低鉀血癥 74護理少尿與無尿患者，最重要的措施是：A臥床休息，預防感染 B限制蛋白質的攝入 C保證飲食總熱量 D嚴格控制水、鈉攝入75急性白血病患者出現(xiàn)頭痛、惡心、嘔吐、頸項強直等癥狀常提示： A顱內出血 B敗血癥

32、C上消化道出血 D腦膜白血病 76Hodgin（霍奇金）病最常見的首發(fā)癥狀為： A頸部和鎖骨上淋巴結腫大 B皮膚瘙癢 C持續(xù)性周期性發(fā)熱 D出血傾向，肝脾腫大77長期使用哪一類降糖藥最可能出現(xiàn)乳酸性酸中毒的嚴重不良反應？A磺脲類，噻唑烷二酮類 B諾和龍、那格列萘 C雙胍類 D 葡萄糖苷酶抑制劑 78為了抑制甲狀腺素的釋放，減少甲狀腺血供，術前常用的藥物為：A普萘洛爾 B苯巴比妥 C甲狀腺素 D復方碘化鉀 E硫氧嘧啶 79術后并發(fā)甲狀腺危象的主要原因是：A術前準備不充分 B術中出血過多 C術后未服碘劑D甲狀腺切除過少 80對腰麻后頭痛的預防措施是：A給予預防性止痛藥 B給予鎮(zhèn)靜劑 C靜脈輸液 D麻醉后去枕平臥68小時 81低滲性脫水的常見原因是：A急