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1、2016年全國中考英語試題專題練習(xí):名詞的詞義辨析1、(2016黑龍江)The Belt and Road Initiative (一帶一路倡議)will help China improve with those related countries,especially Pakistan()ArelationshipBagreementCenvironment 【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】一帶一路倡議將幫助中國改善與那些(沿線)相關(guān)國家的關(guān)系,尤其是巴基斯坦【解答】答案:A;relationship關(guān)系; 聯(lián)系;agreement協(xié)定,協(xié)議;environment環(huán)境,外界;根據(jù)常識,一帶

2、一路倡議將會加強與沿線國家的關(guān)系;故根據(jù)句中信息The Belt and Road Initiative (一帶一路倡議) will help China improvewith those related countries,especially Pakistan,推測該句句意:帶一路倡議將幫助中國改善與那些(沿線)相關(guān)的國家的關(guān)系,尤其是巴基斯坦故選A2、(2016齊齊哈爾)-Can you tell me the of the novel?-Yes,of course, is Mo Yan()Aname,HeBwriter,ItCname,It【考點】名詞的詞義辨析;人稱代詞【分析】-你

3、能告訴我這部小說的作者嗎?-是的,當然可以,它是莫言【解答】答案:B;根據(jù)答語Yes,of course,is Mo Yan;推測上句句意:你能告訴我這部小說的作者嗎?答語中的it指代小說的作者"writer of the novel"故選B3、(2016連云港)-It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language-Yes,it's a major way of _ for them()AsuggestionBvacationCproductionDcommunication【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分

4、析】-聾人學(xué)習(xí)手語是很有用的-是的,這是他們交流的一種主要方式【解答】答案:D;suggestion建議;vacation假期;production產(chǎn)品;communication交流;根據(jù)上句It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language推測下句句意:這是他們交流的一種主要方式;故選D4、(2016宜昌)-The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the 2015Nobel Prize-Her has saved millions of lives across the world()Avic

5、toryBstoryCdiscoveryDindustry【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-中國科學(xué)家屠呦呦獲得了2015年諾貝爾獎-她的發(fā)現(xiàn)挽救了世界上數(shù)以百萬人的生命【解答】答案:C首先明確選項中名詞的意思,A:勝利;B:故事;C:發(fā)現(xiàn);D:工業(yè); 聯(lián)系她發(fā)現(xiàn)了青蒿素,根據(jù)語境和設(shè)空處后面的saved推測后面一句話 的句意是"她的發(fā)現(xiàn)挽救了世界上數(shù)以百萬人的生命",由此判斷句子中缺少"發(fā)現(xiàn)"一詞,故答案為C5、(2016咸寧)-Tu Youyou recerved the Nobel Prize for her_of anemisinin(青蒿素)-A

6、nd she was the first Chinese who won the prize in science()AdesignBthoughtCinventionDdiscovery【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-屠呦呦因為青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)而獲得了諾貝爾獎-她是在科學(xué)方面獲獎的第一位中國人【解答】答案:D首先明確選項中名詞的意思,A:設(shè)計;B:思想;C:發(fā)明;D:發(fā)現(xiàn);注意invention與discovry的區(qū)別,前者指創(chuàng)造的前所未有的東西,后者強調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)存在的事物; 根據(jù)語境推測句意是"屠呦呦因為青蒿素的發(fā)現(xiàn)而獲得了諾貝爾獎",由此判斷句子中缺少"發(fā)現(xiàn)&q

7、uot;一詞,故答案為D6、(2016咸寧)-Michael,how much do you know about_?-people usually eat rice dumplings to remember Qu Yuan()Athe Mid-Autumn FestivalBthe Spring FestivalCthe Dragon Boat FestivalDthe Lantern Festival【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-Michael,關(guān)于端午節(jié)你了解多少?-人們通常吃粽子來紀念屈原【解答】答案:C首先明確選項中個節(jié)日的意思,A:中秋節(jié);B:春節(jié);C:端午節(jié);D:元宵節(jié); 根

8、據(jù)答語的句意"人們通常吃粽子來紀念屈原",判斷問句中提到的節(jié)日是端午節(jié),故答案為C7、(2016鹽城)Life is like riding a bicycleTo keep your ,you must keep moving()ApromiseBpositionCbalanceDability【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】人生就像騎自行車,為了保持平衡,你必須不斷前進【解答】答案:C;promise許諾;position位置;balance平衡;ability能力;根據(jù)上句Life is like riding a bicycle推測下句句意:為了保持平衡,你必須不斷前

9、進故選C8、(2016永州)I think eating _is good for health ()AtomatoesBbananaesCegges【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】我認為吃西紅柿對健康有益【解答】答案:A題干是"我認為吃_對健康有益",設(shè)空處單詞如果是可數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)使用復(fù)數(shù)形式,選項B和C中的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)該在詞尾直接加"-s",tomato的復(fù)數(shù)形式是加"-es",故選A9、(2016西寧)A smart phone makes a big _ to our life()AdifferenceBdecisionCprog

10、ressDprediction【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】一部智能手機給我們的生活帶來很大的影響【解答】答案:A;difference不同;decision決定;progress進步;prediction預(yù)言;根據(jù)句中的A smart phone makes a big _ to our life推測該句句意:一個智能手機給我們的生活帶來很大的影響make a big difference=make much difference 造成很大差別;故選A10、(2016泰州)-What_will you get after winning the competition in the prog

11、ramme Stay to the end(一站到底)?-A free trip to Bali Island()AawardBattentionCadviceDability【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-在一站到底這個節(jié)目中贏了比賽你會得到什么獎品?-去巴厘島的免費旅行【解答】答案:Aaward獎品;attention注意;advice建議;ability能力;根據(jù)after winning the competition及A free trip to Bali Island可知此處應(yīng)為獎品,故選A11、(2016濟南)-Mike,what club do you want to join

12、?-Well,I want to join the clubI love painting()AchessBsportsCartDEnglish【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】Mike,你想?yún)⒓邮裁淳銟凡浚?我想?yún)⒓用佬g(shù)俱樂部我喜歡繪畫【解答】答案:C 根據(jù)其后的"I love painting"(我喜歡繪畫),可知我是對美術(shù)方面感興趣的故我想?yún)⒓拥氖敲佬g(shù)俱樂部chess棋;sports運動;art美術(shù);English英語故選C12、(2016云南)If you don't know the to the science museum,here is a map of

13、 the city()AdateBwayCpriceDtime【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】如果你不知道去科學(xué)博物館的路,這兒有一張城市地圖【解答】答案:B;date日期;way道路;price價格;time時間;根據(jù)后面句意here is a map of the city推測上句句意:如果你不知道去科學(xué)博物館的路;故選B13、(2016荊州)-Can you tell me some about the Brazil Olympic Games?-OKLet me help you search the Internet()AserviceBinformationCdiscussionDs

14、uccess【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-你能告訴我一些關(guān)于巴西奧運會的信息嗎?-好的,讓我?guī)湍闵暇W(wǎng)搜索一下【解答】答案:B;service服務(wù);information信息;discussion討論;success成功;根據(jù)答語Let me help you search the Internet;推測上述問句:你能告訴我一些關(guān)于巴西奧運會的信息嗎?故選B14、(2016齊齊哈爾)The mobile phone sells for¥5,000,it is much more than its real ()AcostBvalueCprice【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】手機的售價

15、為5000元,它比它的實際價值多的多【解答】答案:B;cost花費;value價值;price價格;根據(jù)上句The mobile phone sells for¥5,000手機的售價為5000元;推測下句句意:它比它的實際價值多的多;故選B15、(2016東營)Great _ for football lovers-more than 50,000soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025()AnewsBmessageCsituationDinformation【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】足球愛好者的

16、好消息:2025年前我國將會建立5萬多所足球?qū)W?!窘獯稹看鸢福篈;Anews新聞,消息;Bmessage消息,信息;Csituation情境,形式;Dinformation消息,信息Message,information是有關(guān)某事物的信息;news則指大的消息,新聞根據(jù)句中的"2025年前我國將會建立50,000多所足球?qū)W校"可知是重大的新聞消息,用news故選A16、(2016廈門)-The milk shake tastes goodHow do you make it?-It's easy,just follow the_()AdiscussionsBinst

17、ructionsCresolutions 【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-奶昔的味道很好,你是怎么做的?-這很容易,只要按照操作指南(去做)【解答】答案:B;discussions商討;instructions指示; 操作指南; 用法說明;resolutions解決;根據(jù)上句How do you make it?可知是詢問制作奶昔的方法,推測答語應(yīng)是按照操作指南(去做)故選B17、(2016阜康市)He has much _as an engineerSo he can build the bridge successfully()AbalanceBexperienceCsurfaceDser

18、vice【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】他有做工程師的很多經(jīng)驗,所以他能成功地建這座橋【解答】答案:B;balance平衡;experience經(jīng)驗;surface表面;service服務(wù);根據(jù)下句句意So he can build the bridge successfully推測上句句意:他有做工程師的很多經(jīng)驗;故選B18、(2016黃岡)-Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes,Tony?-Sure,Mom will be mad if she sees this _,I think()AmatterBmessCtroubleDdi

19、fficulty【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-Tony,你可以把垃圾帶出去并且洗洗碗嗎?-當然,如果媽媽看到這么混亂的話,我認為她會生氣的【解答】答案:B;matter事件;mess混亂;trouble麻煩;difficulty困難;根據(jù)上句Could you take out the rubbish and do the dishes,Tony,結(jié)合答語中的Sure,Mom will be mad 推測后面的句意:如果媽媽看到這么混亂的話;故選B19、(2016鄂州)-Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies?-Pl

20、ease follow the _ on the cookbook()AdirectionBattentionCintroductionDinstruction【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-你能給我出示一種做美味餅干的方法嗎?-請按照食譜的指示(做)【解答】答案:D;direction方向;attention注意;introduction介紹;instruction說明;根據(jù)上句Could you show me the method of cooking the tasty cookies?推測下句句意:請按照食譜的指示(做)故選D20、(2016濟南)-Excuse meIs there

21、 a near here?I want to buy some drinks-YesGo along the street,and it's on your left()AzooBschoolCsupermarketDmuseum【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-勞駕,這附近有超市嗎?我想買些飲料?-有的,沿著這條街走,它就在你的左邊【解答】答案:C;zoo動物園;school學(xué)校;supermarket超市;museum博物館;根據(jù)句中信息I want to buy some drinks推測上句句意:這附近有超市嗎?故選C21、(2016東營)-Why do people never

22、 cut up the _ on their birthdays?-Because they are a symbol of long life()AeggsBcakesCnoodlesDdumplings【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-生日時為什么人們從來不切斷面條?-因為他們是長壽的象征【解答】答案:Cegg雞蛋;cake蛋糕;noodle面條;dumpling餃子;長壽面是長壽的象征,所以此處指的是面條,故選C22、(2016漳州)-What's your favorite ,Julia?-I like spring best()AmovieBseasonCweather【考點】

23、名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-你最喜歡哪個季節(jié),Julia?-我最喜歡春季【解答】答案:B;movie電影;season季節(jié);weather天氣;根據(jù)答語I like spring best;可知上句是詢問"喜歡什么季節(jié)"的;故選B23、(2016十堰)As we all know,Wudang Mountain is the _of Shiyan()AproudBprideCprogressDpurpose【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】大家都知道,武當山是十堰的驕傲【解答】答案:B;proud自豪的,形容詞;pride驕傲,名詞;progress進步,名詞;purpose目的,

24、名詞;根據(jù)常識,武當山被稱為"亙古無雙勝境,天下第一仙山"它是十堰的驕傲;根據(jù)句中信息 is the _of Shiyan可知,該詞用名詞形式;故選B24、(2016德州)Bill will be a/an _ to interview the football players in the coming Rio 2016 Olympics()AguestBreporterCtouristDengineer【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】在即將到來的2016年里約奧運會上Bill將成為一名記者去采訪足球運動員【解答】答案:Bguest客人;reporter記者;tourist

25、游客;engineer工程師;根據(jù)to interview the football players可知此處應(yīng)填記者,故選B25、(2016隨州)Peter did't tell his parents that he was going home because he wanted to give them a_()AnoteBsurpriseCcallDgift【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】Peter沒有告訴父母他要回家,因為他想給他們一個驚喜【解答】答案:Bnote便條;surprise驚訝;call電話;gift禮物;根據(jù)Peter did't tell his par

26、ents that he was going home可知他想給父母一個驚喜,故選B26、(2016齊齊哈爾)-What do you like?-I like playing tennis and running()AsubjectsBmusicCsports【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-你喜歡什么運動?-我喜歡打網(wǎng)球和跑步【解答】答案:Csubject科目;music音樂;sport運動;根據(jù) tennis and running可知問的是運動類的喜好,故選C27、(2016丹東)-What kind of noodles would you like?-I'd like som

27、e _ noodles()AcarrotsBbeefCpotatoesDvegetables【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-你想要什么樣的面條?-我想要一些牛肉面【解答】答案:Bcarrot胡蘿卜,potato土豆,vegetable蔬菜,三者皆為可數(shù)名詞;beef牛肉,不可數(shù)名詞;此處作noodles的定語,要用可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,故選B28、(2016淮安)Lily often helps her mother do some cooking in the _()AkitchenBgardenCbathroomDbedroom【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】Lily經(jīng)常在廚房里幫媽媽做

28、飯【解答】答案:Akitchen廚房;garden花園;bathroom浴室;bedroom臥室;根據(jù)helps her mother do some cooking 可知做飯是在廚房,故選A29、(2016包頭)一The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive一Don't worryYou can enjoy yourselfIt's my ()AtimeBtaskCtreatDtaste【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-這家餐館的菜一定很貴-別擔(dān)心,你可以盡情享用,我請客【解答】答案:Ctime時間;task任務(wù);tr

29、eat款待;taste味道;根據(jù)The dishes in this restaurant must be very expensive可知對方對菜的價格很擔(dān)憂,所以此處要消除其顧慮,主動請客,It's my treat我請客故選C30、(2016安徽)Cathy has such a good_that she won many prizes in singing competitions last year()AsleepBideaCvoiceDtime【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】Cathy有這么好的聲音,她在去年的歌唱比賽中贏得了許多獎項【解答】答案:C;sleep睡覺,動詞;

30、睡眠,名詞;idea主意,名詞;voice聲音,名詞;time時間;名詞;根據(jù)句中后面信息she won many prizes in singing competitions last year推測句中指的是Cathy有這么好的聲音;故選C31、(2016重慶)-It's hot todayHave some _,please-No,thanksI'm not thirsty at all()AwaterBpotatoesCbreadDcakes【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-今天天氣很熱請喝些水吧-不,謝謝我一點也不渴【解答】答案:A根據(jù)選項的意思water"水&

31、quot;;potato"土豆";bread"面包";cake"蛋糕",結(jié)合答語No,thanksI'm not thirsty at all"不,謝謝我一點也不渴"可推知在上文中對方讓他喝點東西,故選A32、(2016青島)Nancy took her temperature and found she had a _()AcoughBtoothacheCcoldDfever【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-南希量了體溫并且發(fā)現(xiàn)她發(fā)燒了【解答】答案:D解析:由題目中看出南希量了體溫,很容易知道她是發(fā)燒了,以

32、下四個選項中只有D是發(fā)燒的意思 Acough咳嗽 Btoothache牙疼 Ccold感冒 Dfever發(fā)燒,故選D33、(2016蘇州)Steve Jobs was full of -always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society()AinstructionBinvitationCintroductionDinvention【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】史蒂夫喬布斯富有發(fā)明創(chuàng)造力,總是產(chǎn)生一些導(dǎo)致社會發(fā)生巨大變化的新想法【解答】答案:D;instruction教誨;invitation邀請;intro

33、duction介紹;invention發(fā)明;根據(jù)句中信息always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society推知上句句意:史蒂夫喬布斯富有發(fā)明創(chuàng)造力;故選D34、(2016濱州)-Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?-Yes,she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ()AsurpriseBachievementCeducationDsatisfaction【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【

34、分析】-你知道科學(xué)家屠呦呦嗎?-是的,由于她的偉大成就她嬴得了2015年的諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎【解答】答案:Bsurprise驚訝;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction滿意;贏得諾貝爾獎的人一定是有巨大成就的,故選B35、(2016重慶)It's cold todayTake your_ with you when you go out()AknifeBcoatCbrushDkey【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】今天天氣很冷當你外出時帶上你的外套【解答】答案:B 根據(jù)It's cold today可知,今天很冷,出門要帶上外套;又知knife意為"小刀";coat意為"外套,上衣";brush意為"刷子";key意為"鑰匙"所以此處應(yīng)用coat故選B36、(2016福州)-Who is the person you admire the most?-Qian Xuesen,the Father of China's MissilesHe is the _ of China()AleaderBprideCvoice【考點】名詞的詞義辨析【分析】-你最崇拜的人是誰?-中國導(dǎo)彈之父錢學(xué)森,他是中國的驕傲【解答】答案:B;leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者;prid

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