非謂語動詞的邏輯主語

1、非謂語動詞意義上的行為執(zhí)非謂語動詞意義上的行為執(zhí)行者就是其邏輯主語行者就是其邏輯主語. .如果其邏輯主語與非謂語動如果其邏輯主語與非謂語動詞之間是主動關(guān)系詞之間是主動關(guān)系, , 則非謂語則非謂語動詞要用主動語態(tài)形式動詞要用主動語態(tài)形式; ; 如果如果是被動關(guān)系是被動關(guān)系, , 則用被動語態(tài)形則用被動語態(tài)形式式. .一一. .不定式的邏輯主語不定式的邏輯主語1.1.一般來說一般來說, ,動詞不定式的邏動詞不定式的邏輯主語就是句中的主語輯主語就是句中的主語. .I am sorry to hear that.We need oxygen to breath.He was seen to go ou

2、t with a man.He wants to learn English.Some stars are too small to be seen.This point to be explained is about the long history of iron.2.2.在以在以“賓語賓語不定式不定式”的復(fù)的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語就是不定式的合結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語就是不定式的邏輯主語邏輯主語She wants you to call him back at 11.I often heard him sing the song.They want the machine to be tested at

3、 once.3.3.在在“ “ for/of ” ”+ +名詞（或代名詞（或代詞的賓格）詞的賓格）動詞不定式動詞不定式的結(jié)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，構(gòu)中，“ “ for/of ” ” 后的名詞后的名詞（或代詞的賓格）為動詞不定（或代詞的賓格）為動詞不定式的邏輯主語式的邏輯主語This is for you to decide.I dont think it advisable(可取可取的的） for her to study medicineThere are a lot of experiment for the students to do.This box is too heavy for him to

4、 carry.Its important for the students to learn a foreign language.Its very kind of you to dinner.二動名詞的邏輯主語二動名詞的邏輯主語He avoided giving us a definite answer.Have you finished reading the book?Ive been looking forward to going to Beijing for a long time.Norman hated being a fool.2.動名詞的邏輯主語如果不與句子的主語一致，則該

5、動名詞前一般有一個物主代詞或名詞所有格作為它的邏輯主語這種 “ 物主代詞或名詞所有格動名詞 ”結(jié)構(gòu)就是動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)它在句中具有主語，表語、定語或賓語的功能。Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.Do you think her going there will be of any help?They all thought Lao Lis going there a great mistake.I had no idea of their having done such a thing.注意: 在現(xiàn)代英語中, 尤其是在口

6、語中, 如果不是在句子的開頭, 這種邏輯主語常可用名詞的通格 (或人稱代詞的賓格)來代替, 這比用所有格更自然些.He didnt like young people / them smoking.She was awaken by someone knocking at the door.三三.分詞的邏輯主語分詞的邏輯主語1.分詞作狀語時(shí)分詞作狀語時(shí),其邏輯主語其邏輯主語就是句中的主語就是句中的主語.When heated, water will be changed into vapour.Given enough time, he would do it better.While hea

7、ting water, we can change it into vapour.Being a league member, he always sets a good example to others.2.分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí), 賓語賓語就是其邏輯主語就是其邏輯主語.Suddenly I head the door opened.Suddenly I heard someone opening the door.3分詞作定語時(shí)分詞作定語時(shí), 被修飾的名詞被修飾的名詞就是其邏輯主語就是其邏輯主語.The hours being built is our laboratory

8、.Officials say diseases caused directly by smoking kill at least 320,000 Americans every year.Some companies are offering special gifts and lower prices to people signing an agreement to stop smoking.4.4.分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)分詞作狀語時(shí)分詞作狀語時(shí), ,有時(shí)其邏輯主有時(shí)其邏輯主語與句中的主語不一致語與句中的主語不一致, ,它可它可以有自己的邏輯主語以有自己的邏輯主語. .該邏輯該邏輯主語通

9、常用名詞的通格或代主語通常用名詞的通格或代詞的主格表示詞的主格表示, ,放在分詞的前放在分詞的前面面. .構(gòu)成構(gòu)成”名詞通格名詞通格( (或代詞主格或代詞主格) ) + + 分詞分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu), ,稱為分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)稱為分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu). .該結(jié)構(gòu)通常修飾整個句子該結(jié)構(gòu)通常修飾整個句子, ,表表示時(shí)間、原因、條件或伴隨情示時(shí)間、原因、條件或伴隨情況況. .The problem having been solved, we ended the meeting.(=having solved the problem, we ended the meeting.The rain having ruined her cap, she had to buy a new one.The night being dark, she was afraid to go there.He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.注意注意: :分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)主要用于描繪性文字中描繪性文字中; ;口語中用狀語口語中用狀語從句或并列句更自然些從句或并列句更自然些. .5.分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)前面有時(shí)帶有分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)前面有時(shí)帶有 “wit