最新英語(yǔ)中考考點(diǎn)歸納(超全面、實(shí)用)

1、 中考復(fù)習(xí)資料一、 冠詞 （一）不定冠詞a, an的用法區(qū)別 European country eight-year-old boy one-hundred-word composition uniform unusual story umbrella university Mp4 orange honest boy hour elephant interesting book old man engineer Asian country African NBA star excellent student unhealthy habit unfriendly man apple astron

2、aut excellent player總結(jié)：1）在26個(gè)字母中，前面用an的字母有：a，e，f，h，i，l，m，n，o，r，s，x，其他用a。There is _ “h” in the word “school”.There is also _ “l(fā)” in the word “school”.There is _ “c” in the word “school”, too.2）發(fā)輔音的元音字母：u ju: （二）定冠詞the的用法：來(lái)表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。1特指雙方都明白的人或物。Open the door. 把門打開。2上文提到過(guò)的人或事。He bought a house. I

3、ve been to the house.他買了幢房子。我去過(guò)那幢房子。3指世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物或用于對(duì)兩個(gè)人或事物比較時(shí)起特指作用的比較級(jí)前。the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth He is the taller of the two boys.兩個(gè)男孩中他較高點(diǎn)。4與單數(shù)名詞連用表示一類事物，如：the dollar“美元”；或與形容詞或分詞連用表示一類人，如：the rich“富人”；the young“年輕人”。5用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)及形容詞only, very, same 等前面。Where do you live？I live on the

4、second floor.你住在哪？我住在二層。Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.那正是我要找的東西。6與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用，指整個(gè)群體。They are the teachers of this school.(指全體教師)他們是這個(gè)學(xué)校的全體老師。They are teachers of this school.(指部分教師)他們是這個(gè)學(xué)校的老師。7表示所有，相當(dāng)于物主代詞，用在表示身體部位的名詞前。She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。8用在某些由普通名詞構(gòu)成的國(guó)家名稱、機(jī)關(guān)團(tuán)體、階級(jí)等專有名詞前。the Peop

5、les Republic of China 中華人民共和國(guó) the United States 美國(guó) the USA9用在表示西洋樂(lè)器的名詞之前，但中國(guó)樂(lè)器前不加the。play the piano 彈鋼琴 play erhu 拉二胡10用在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前，表示“一家人”或“夫婦二人”。the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫婦)11用在慣用語(yǔ)中。in the morning/afternoon/evening，in the end，by the way，at the age of，at the moment等。12用于方向名詞或表示江河、山脈、海峽等專有地理名稱前。in the sou

6、theast of，at the back of，the Red Sea13用在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示年代，也指人的大約歲數(shù)。The young girl is in the twenties.=The young girl is in her twenties.這個(gè)年輕的女孩大約二十幾歲。The war broke out in the forties.這場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)發(fā)生在40年代。（三）不用冠詞的情況1在專有名詞前不加冠詞，如國(guó)名、省名、城市名、街名、公園名等。Sanya is in Hainan Province. 三亞在海南省。We live in China. 我們住在中國(guó)。2一日三餐、球

7、類運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)科前不加冠詞。He went to school without breakfast this morning. 早上他沒(méi)吃早飯就去上學(xué)了。They like playing football after school. 他們喜歡放學(xué)后踢足球。I like English very much. 我非常喜歡英語(yǔ)。3表示節(jié)日、季節(jié)、星期、月份的名詞前不加冠詞，但若特指某年的某月、某季節(jié)，則需要在月份、季節(jié)前加the。Today is Friday /July 14th. 今天是星期五/7月14日。It is summer now. 現(xiàn)在是夏天。Yesterday was March 8t

8、h，Womens Day. 昨天是3月8日婦女節(jié)。4表示稱呼或頭銜的名詞前，不加冠詞。This is Professor Wang. 這是王教授。He is captain of the team. 他是隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。5在有物主代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞等作定語(yǔ)的名詞前，不用冠詞。His birthday is September 8th. 他的生日是9月8日。How much are these shoes? 這些鞋多少錢？6不可數(shù)名詞前一般不用冠詞。Which does he like better, fish or chicken?他更喜歡哪一個(gè)，魚還是雞？7泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前不用冠詞。Animal

9、s live in the forest. 動(dòng)物生活在樹林里。8與by連用的交通工具前不用冠詞，但與take或介詞連用時(shí)，名詞前要加冠詞。They often go to school by bus. 他們通常做公共汽車去上學(xué)。take a bus，in a boat，on the bike9在某些固定的詞組或習(xí)語(yǔ)中，不用冠詞。face to face，watch TV，step by step，at first/last, in trouble/danger，on/in time，go to school/work，at noon/night二、名詞把下列名詞變成復(fù)數(shù)形式。1、orange

10、2、class 3、monkey 4、piano 5、child 6、shelf 7、bed 8、country 9、family 10、toy 11、foot 12、radio 13、photo 14、tomato 15、woman 16、knife 17、sheep 18、ship 19、dish 20、mouse 21、tooth 22、leaf_ 23. Chinese 24.German 25. Frenchman 26. man doctor 27. apple tree 29. hero 30. toothbrush 31. passer-by 考點(diǎn)：1. 可數(shù)名詞非單既復(fù) (即

11、 a/ an+ 單數(shù)名詞 或以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn))2. one of+ 名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 (one of后常與最高級(jí)連用，但謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)形式)One of my friends likes playing volleyball.三、代詞1. 人稱代詞：主格、賓格Mr. Wang teaches (we) English.2. 物主代詞Our classroom is as big as _ _(they) . （比較的東西必須是相同性質(zhì)）This is a friend of _ _(my).3. 反身代詞記憶小竅門:反身代詞有規(guī)律,第三人稱賓格加self.其余都要物主加self,復(fù)數(shù)ves來(lái)把f替

12、。反身代詞的常用搭配: enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learnby oneself help yourself / yourselves to look after oneself lose oneself in dress oneself4. 指示代詞that those 常用來(lái)代替前面出現(xiàn)的人或物,以避免重復(fù). that代替可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞. those 代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai .The books in that shop a

13、re cheaper than _in this shop.5.不定代詞不指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫不定代詞。它們多數(shù)在句中都可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。1.one與it 的區(qū)別 one 代替同類事物中的一種,而it代替上文中出現(xiàn)的某事物. This book is a good one. May I borrow it? one可指人亦可指物，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。復(fù)數(shù)形式為ones，所有格形式為ones，反身代詞形式為oneself。2.some與any 的區(qū)別 一般情況下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑問(wèn)句,條件句中,但在表建議的疑問(wèn)句中,仍用some 代any,常用于co

14、uld / would / may 開頭或what about /how about . 的句中。 May I have some water? He asked me for some paper, but I didnt have any.3.many與much的區(qū)別 many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù) much+不可數(shù)名詞 都相當(dāng)于 a lot of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞 注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .4.a few /few /a little /little 的區(qū)別表否定(幾乎沒(méi)有)表肯定(有一點(diǎn)/幾個(gè))修飾可數(shù)名詞fewa few修飾不可數(shù)名詞

15、littlea littleThe story is easy to read. There are _ new words in it. Hurry up! There is _ time left.5.each / every 的區(qū)別 each 表示兩者或兩者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè)，而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一個(gè)。 There are trees and flowers on _ side of the street. _ student has read a story .注:each 可以與of 連用, each of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，而every 不能與

16、of 連用，只能放在名詞前作定語(yǔ). Each of us _(study )hard.5. no one 與none 的區(qū)別no one 表示沒(méi)有人, 不能與of 連用. 而none of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞/ 代詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)常用單數(shù)。. The boys were all tired, but _ of them stopped to have a rest.7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的區(qū)別都都不任何一個(gè)兩者之間bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyThere are many trees on _ sid

17、e of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 注: 1)both 的否定詞是neither , all的否定詞是none2)both of 作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù). neither of作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).Neither of the answers _(be) right .Both of my parents _(be) workers. 3)詞組 A) both and 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),同義詞組:not only but also 反義詞組: neither nor Not only you but also she

18、 likes watching TV.= _ you _ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV ._ _ she .B) either or 或者或者 , neithernor 既不也不 連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞實(shí)行就近原則Neither you nor he _ (be ) right .One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _ Lily _Lucy _ going to the park.C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: n

19、either /nor+助動(dòng)詞/be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ sb. 某人也不怎么樣 If you dont go there , _ _ I . (我也不去)4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答 Who 的回答:用no one 回答 What 的回答:用nothing 回答 1）How many students are there in the classroom ? _. 2）Who can answer the question ? _. A. None B. No one C. Nothing 8.other /the other /others /the othe

20、rs 的區(qū)別(空)后面沒(méi)有名詞(空)后面有名詞有數(shù)量限制(特指)the othersthe other沒(méi)有數(shù)量限制(泛指)othersother 注：1) one the other 表示兩者之間的一個(gè)另一個(gè) 2) some others 表示一些 一些3) another 表示三者以上的不確定數(shù)目中的另一個(gè)，只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù).但 another +數(shù)字+ 復(fù)數(shù)名詞= 數(shù)字+ more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 表示 “ 另外幾個(gè)” Would you like _ apple? I have two brothers, one is a teacher, _ is a worker. Some ar

21、e cleaning the classroom, _ are sweeping the window. There are 20 teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers, and _ are women teachers.9. everyone和every one的區(qū)別everyone 每個(gè)，人人，大家不與of 連用every one每個(gè)人、物可與of 連用Every one of us has seen the film. Everyone should do their best.10.復(fù)合不定代詞.someany n

22、oeverythingsomethinganythingnothingeverythingonesomeoneanyoneno oneeveryonebodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody注: 1.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí), 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).2.形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí), 形容詞放在不定代詞之后. something important注：enough 用法：enough+名詞 形容詞、副詞+enough3.動(dòng)詞不定式修飾不定代詞時(shí), 動(dòng)詞不定式放在不定代詞之后.4.any ,anything ,anyone, anybody 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何/任何物/任何

23、人”Everything _(begin ) to grow in spring.Is there _(一些有趣的事)in todays newspaper ?I want something _ (eat ).四、數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞表示順序的詞基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上-th.一，二，三，特殊記，詞尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty將y變成i，th前面有個(gè)e.若是碰到幾十幾，前基后序就可以。注：1）次數(shù)的表達(dá)：once，twice，three times 頻率表達(dá)：once a week2）hundred、thousand、million、billion前面

24、如果有具體的數(shù)字，則不能加-s，也不能用of分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)詞是以基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞合成的，基數(shù)詞代表分子，序數(shù)詞代表分母，分子大于“1”時(shí)，分母用復(fù)數(shù)。如：1/4 2/3 有些分?jǐn)?shù)詞也有另外的表示法：1/2 a/ one half 1/4 a/ one quarter3/4 three quarters注：分?jǐn)?shù)和百分?jǐn)?shù)作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)鍵是看其后的名詞來(lái)決定其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)。表編號(hào)：第一部分the first part/part one倍數(shù)表示法：1)主+謂+倍數(shù)(或分?jǐn)?shù))+ as + adj. (+ n.) + asI have three times as many as you.2)主+謂+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+

25、 the+ n. (size ,weight，length) of The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。3) 主+謂+倍數(shù)(分?jǐn)?shù))+ 形容詞(副詞)比較級(jí)+ thanThe grain output is 8 percent higher (high) this year than that of last year.今年比去年糧食產(chǎn)量增加8%人口的表達(dá)Whats the population of? 注：人口的多與少用：large（big）或small五、動(dòng)詞（一）系動(dòng)詞：（系動(dòng)詞+形容詞） be (am/is/are/w

26、as/were)系動(dòng)詞 感官v.(feel, look, sound, taste品嘗，smell聞、嗅) 四變化(turn/become/go/ get) 注：turn側(cè)指顏色變化 keep, make（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：1）后加動(dòng)詞原形，注意：Must I ？句式的回答 肯定回答可用must，否定用neednt或dont have to ，切記：mustnt 表禁止2）dare的用法dare to do sth. / dont dare to do (實(shí)意動(dòng)詞)dare do/ dare not do （情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）3）can的用法：表示懷疑、不確定或猜想的情況,多用于疑問(wèn)或否定句中。 Can

27、it be true? He cant be at school, because I met him just now.（三）動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（注意動(dòng)詞的單三形式）2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí) （注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式）3. 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)4. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1）結(jié)構(gòu)：have/ has +過(guò)去分詞2）短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換：（用How long來(lái)提問(wèn)的句子，延續(xù)性時(shí)間的出現(xiàn)）borrowkeep, diebe dead, buyhave, come tobe in/at, becomebe , go outbe out, begin/ start be on, catch a coldhave

28、a cold, get to knowknow ,joinbe a member of/ be in , put onwear, fall asleepbe asleep, leavebe away from等。3）already、yet區(qū)別4）has/ have gone to has/ have been to has/ have been in區(qū)別5)時(shí)間標(biāo)志：for+一段時(shí)間；since+過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子；since+一段時(shí)間+agoso far，in recent years，recently，in the past few（或two） years6）注意現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

29、與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別Jack, _ you _ your homework yet?Yes, I _ it two hours ago.A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; have finished C. Have; done; finished D. Will; do; finish7) 易忘不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的四種形式（依次為：原形 意思 過(guò)去式 過(guò)去分詞 現(xiàn)在分詞）bear 忍受 bore borne bearing beat 擊打 beat beaten beatingbreak 斷開 broke broken breaking bring 帶來(lái) brough

30、t brought bringingbuy 買 bought bought buying catch 抓住 caught caught catchingchoose 選擇 chose chosen choosing deal 處理 dealt dealt dealingcost 花費(fèi) cost cost costing draw 畫 drew drawn drawingdrink 喝 drank drunk drinking drive 駕車 drove driven drivingeat 吃 ate eaten eating fall 落下 fell fallen falling feed

31、喂 fed fed feeding feel 感覺(jué) felt felt feeling fight 打架 fought fought fighting fly 飛 flew flown flyinghang 掛 hung hung hanging hang 吊死 hanged hanged hanginghide 隱藏 hid hidden hiding lay 放置 laid laid layinglie 躺下 lay lain lying lie 撒謊 lied lied lyingrise 升起 rose risen rising shake 搖晃 shook shaken shakin

32、gsleep 睡覺(jué) slept slept sleeping spread 散布 spread spread spreadingsteal 偷竊 stole stolen stealing stick 粘貼 stuck stuck stickingteach 教 taught taught teaching wake 醒來(lái) woke woken wakingwear 穿著 wore worn wearingwrite 寫 wrote written writing5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（be+ v.-ing）（四）動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：is / am / are + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)

33、去分詞 2. 一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：was / were + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：will be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞4. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 形容詞、副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí) 1單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成情況構(gòu)成方式原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)一般情況加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以e 結(jié)尾的詞加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“輔音+y” 結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er 或-estearlyhappyearlier

34、happierearliesthappiest重讀閉音節(jié)的詞末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母先雙寫輔音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest2 多音節(jié)詞和部分雙音節(jié)詞在其前面加more或 most。如： 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) useful more useful most useful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious3有幾個(gè)形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)屬于不規(guī)則變化。 原級(jí) 比較級(jí) 最高級(jí) goo

35、d/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther farthest old older oldest4. even、much、a little常用來(lái)修飾比較級(jí)5. The +比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)句型The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you make.6. 原級(jí)比較：as + 形容詞或副詞原級(jí) + as 否定：not as/ soas7.最高級(jí)1） the + 最高級(jí) + 比較范圍 Tom is the tall

36、est boy in my class.注：the+比較級(jí)，表示兩者當(dāng)中比較樣的Tom is the taller of the two boys.2）序數(shù)詞通常修飾最高級(jí)。例如：Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3）最高級(jí)的意義有時(shí)可以用比較級(jí)表示出來(lái)Lucy is the most beautiful in her class. =Lucy is more beautiful than any other student in her class.8.副詞的用法 副詞的變化：gentle- heavy- good- 介詞1)on表

37、示“在具體某一天或某天的上、下午、晚上”。如：on Monday在星期一 on April 1st在四月一日 on a cold morning 在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨 on the night of December 8, 1992 2)in表示“在某月、季節(jié)、年、世紀(jì)”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。in September 在九月 in winter在冬季in 1999 在1999年 in the 20th century在20世紀(jì)in the 1980s 在20世紀(jì)80年代in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上3）arrive in/ at 到達(dá) （i

38、n后加大地方， at 后加小地方）到達(dá)：get to/ reach4）在樹上：on the tree（數(shù)本身的） / in the tree（非樹本身的）5） at+具體時(shí)刻 at 12 oclockat night 在晚上感嘆句how和what的區(qū)別感嘆句中?？嫉牟豢蓴?shù)名詞：weather、news、fun、advice、information, luck, work賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)序、引導(dǎo)詞定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞：that、which、who、whom、whose1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情況：(1) 先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everythin

39、g, anything 等不定代詞時(shí)。例如： All that he said is true. (2) 先行詞被only, last, no, any, all等詞修飾時(shí)。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾的詞。This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5

40、) 先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。例如：He talked about the people and the things that he remembered.(6) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有who,which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)。如：Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?站在門口的那個(gè)人是誰(shuí)？2. 只能用which，不用that 的情況：(1) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從中。例如： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.限制性定語(yǔ)從句：TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonth

41、atIcoulddependon.老師告訴我說(shuō)湯姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.他媽媽十分地愛(ài)他，對(duì)他要求很嚴(yán)格。(2) 定語(yǔ)從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時(shí)。例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.狀語(yǔ)從句（主將從現(xiàn)）原因狀語(yǔ)從句：because時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：as soon as，when，while，notuntil, once條件狀語(yǔ)從句：if，as long as，unless結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：s

42、othat, suchthat目的狀語(yǔ)從句：so that，in order that (區(qū)別in order to)連詞or，and，but，while，so，although（though）主謂一致就近原則:not onlybut also, neithernor, either or就遠(yuǎn)原則：with, together with, along with, as well as, except, including注意：bothand 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)形式詞性辨析noise，noisy，noisilysuccess，succeed，successful，successfullycare，c

43、areful，carefully，careless, carelesslydie，died，dead，deathsafe，safety，safelynorth，northern（復(fù)習(xí)：方位介詞on，in，to）possible，possibly，impossiblepronounce ， pronunciationGerman, Germanyforeign , foreignerto doing結(jié)構(gòu)stick to doing make a contribution/ contributions to doing get/be used to doing look forward to doingpay attention to doing prefer doing to doing動(dòng)詞的搭配：practice doing finish doingbe worth doing consider doinghave t