復習課--現(xiàn)在完成時

1、Task:Find out which sentences are past tense and which sentences are present perfect tense .找出下列哪些句子是過去式，哪些是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。找出下列哪些句子是過去式，哪些是現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。 I borrowed this book a month ago.He had his breakfast at 6:00.When did you come here?He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.My teacher has been away from

2、Nanjing for 3 days.she has been away for two weeks.結構結構用法用法常用時間狀語常用時間狀語動詞的過去式動詞的過去式1. 表示過去某個時間發(fā)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。2. 表示過去經(jīng)?；虮硎具^去經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作。反復發(fā)生的動作。yesterdaylast night/week/ time. days agoin 1998/2014一般過去時一般過去時（規(guī)則變化與（規(guī)則變化與不規(guī)則變化）不規(guī)則變化）構成規(guī)則構成規(guī)則原形原形過過 去去 式式一般在動詞原形末尾加一般在動詞原形末尾加-ed work play w

3、orked played結尾是結尾是e的動詞加的動詞加-d hope live hoped lived末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加詞，先雙寫這個輔音字母，再加-ed stop trip stopped tripped結尾是結尾是“輔音字母輔音字母+y”的動詞，的動詞，先變先變“y”為為“ i”再加再加-ed study worry studiedworried go ride do is are have eat buy see完成下列動詞的過去式完成下列動詞的過去式: pick visit watch climb study w

4、orry play live stop went rode did was were had ate bought saw picked visited watched climbed studied worried played lived stopped 不規(guī)則動詞不規(guī)則動詞規(guī)則動詞規(guī)則動詞 1. 我們在那兒爬山我們在那兒爬山, 看到了很多花。看到了很多花。2. 我們在樹下吃了午餐，然后玩游戲。我們在樹下吃了午餐，然后玩游戲。3. 昨晚我們在派對上玩得很開心。昨晚我們在派對上玩得很開心。We climbed the mountains there and saw a lot of flow

5、ers.We ate our lunch under the tree and then played games.We had a good time at the party last night.翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。for+時間段時間段since+過去時間點過去時間點since+一段時間一段時間+agosince+過去時的從句過去時的從句結構結構用法用法常用時間狀語常用時間狀語助動詞助動詞have / has+ 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞 過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在造成過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在造成 的影響或結果的影響或結果2.過去存在的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到過去存在的狀態(tài)一直延續(xù)到 現(xiàn)在，而且可

6、能還要繼續(xù)下現(xiàn)在，而且可能還要繼續(xù)下 去。去。現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時（規(guī)則變化與（規(guī)則變化與不規(guī)則變化）不規(guī)則變化）already, yet, just, ever, never,before，once,twice1. 說出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞。說出下列動詞的過去式和過去分詞。finish _ _kill _ _ buy _ _ help _ _ go _ _ die _ _run _ _ think _ _ do _ _ finished finishedkilled killedhelped helpeddied diedthought thoughtsee _ _ meet _ _

7、choose_ _ tell _ _ take _ _ write _ _ come_ _ let _ _feel _ _send _ _teach _ _bought boughtwent goneran rundid donesaw seenmet metchose chosentold toldtook takenwrote writtencame comelet letfelt feltsent senttaught taught不規(guī)則動詞過去式、過去分詞的規(guī)律不規(guī)則動詞過去式、過去分詞的規(guī)律AAA型型 動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞同動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞同形形 let let le

8、t set set set read read read run-ran-run become-became-become ABA型型 動詞原形、過去分詞同形動詞原形、過去分詞同形hurt hurt hurtcome-came-come make-made spend-spent hear-heard lose-lost leave-left keep-kept sell-sold teach-taught buy-bought learn- learntABB型型 動詞過去式、過去分詞同型動詞過去式、過去分詞同型find- foundam,is,are-was/were-been sing-

9、sang-sung swim-swam-swum fall-fell-fallen write-wrote- written see-saw-seen do- did done go- went-gonebreak-brokenbroken ABC型型 動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞不同型動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞不同型ring-rang-rung 翻譯下列句子。翻譯下列句子。1.我已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。我已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了。2.你已讀過你已讀過金銀島金銀島嗎？不，還沒。嗎？不，還沒。3.自從自從1998年他們就住在這里了。年他們就住在這里了。4.他在這里住了三年了。他在這里住了三年了。5.自從我出生就住在

10、這里自從我出生就住在這里He has lived here for three years.Ive already finished my homework.Have you read Treasure Island yet? No,not yet. They have lived here since 1998.。Ive lived here since I was born.You have asked that question three times .6.你問那個問題三次了。你問那個問題三次了。7.自從去年夏天他們就住在這個城市了。自從去年夏天他們就住在這個城市了。8.他從沒去過長城

11、。他從沒去過長城。9.瑪麗看過那部電影兩次?，旣惪催^那部電影兩次。They have lived in the city since last summer. He has never been to the Great Wall .Mary has seen the movie twice. 一般過去時：只強調一般過去時：只強調過去過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在 不發(fā)生聯(lián)系。單純表示過去的經(jīng)歷；通常與表示過不發(fā)生聯(lián)系。單純表示過去的經(jīng)歷；通常與表示過 去的時間狀語連用去的時間狀語連用 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時: 表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并 可能

12、持續(xù)下去。強調的是可能持續(xù)下去。強調的是現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在的情況的情況 1. I _(have) lunch already 2. Has the train_ (arrive) yet? 3.Tom _ never_ (be to ) China. 4. Shanghai _ (be) a small town hundreds of years ago. 5I hear your father （be）to Japan once. Yes. He （go）there last year. 6. David _(write) a letter to his friend last night. 7.

13、David _(come) to Beijing in 1995, and he _ (work) here ever since then.have hadarrivedhasbeen towaswrotehas workedcamehas beenwent have/has been to: 已去過某地已去過某地，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了,后面可接表后面可接表示示“次數(shù)次數(shù)”的狀語的狀語; have/has been in: 表示表示呆在那里呆在那里，其后常帶表示，其后常帶表示一段時間一段時間的的狀語。狀語。 have/has gone to:已經(jīng)去了或在途中已經(jīng)去了或在途中，還沒有

14、返回；，還沒有返回；不在說話現(xiàn)場不在說話現(xiàn)場 Tom 在哪兒？ 他去書店買書了。 我在北京待了5年了。 Jack 去過上海兩次了。-Where is Tom?-He has gone to the bookshop to buy some books.I have been in Beijing for 5 years.Jack has been to Shanghai twice.1.在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，延續(xù)性動詞可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。在現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)中，延續(xù)性動詞可以和表示一段時間的狀語連用。 動詞延續(xù)非延續(xù)，要用動詞延續(xù)非延續(xù)，要用“一直一直”加動詞；加動詞； 說得通是延續(xù)動詞，說不

15、通是非延續(xù)動詞。說得通是延續(xù)動詞，說不通是非延續(xù)動詞。 可以說：一直有可以說：一直有have/進行進行be on/保管保管keep/在在組織里組織里be in/是是成員成員be a身份身份 不能說：一直買不能說：一直買buy/buy/開始開始begin/begin/借入借入borrow/borrow/到達到達reach, reach, get to, arrive/get to, arrive/參加參加join,join,等等。等等。2.如何判斷延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞？如何判斷延續(xù)性動詞和非延續(xù)性動詞？3.非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示一段時間的狀語非延續(xù)性動詞不能與表示一段時間的狀語 連用。連用。

16、 在完成時態(tài)中，當有在完成時態(tài)中，當有since或或for引導的表引導的表 示一段時間的狀語時，非延續(xù)性動詞可換示一段時間的狀語時，非延續(xù)性動詞可換 成延續(xù)性動詞（短語）。成延續(xù)性動詞（短語）。 return / come back / get back borrow open leave/ move buy die join begin finish close become interested in go/ come / arrive / get to 轉換為轉換為 be deadhavekeepbe away (from) / be out be a member of /be inb

17、e openbe onbe overbe closedbe interested inbe backbe+相應介詞短語相應介詞短語1. 這本書我買了這本書我買了5年了。年了。 2. 你哥哥參軍多長時間了？你哥哥參軍多長時間了？判斷判斷I have bought the book for five years. ( ) Ive had the book for five years. ( )How long has your brother joined the army? ( )How long has your brother been in the army? ( )同義句轉換,每空一詞。

18、1. My father came back the day before yesterday.My father has _ _ for two days. 2. My uncle bought the new car two months ago.My uncle has _ the new car _ two months ago.3. They left Changsha an hour ago.They have _ _ _ Changsha for an hour.4. The film began ten minutes ago. The film _ _ _ for ten minutes.5. The old man died 5 years ago. The old man _ _ _ for 5 years. been backha