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1、創(chuàng)新課程課后作業(yè)多媒體信息安全及其應(yīng)用學(xué)生姓名 楊 剛 學(xué) 號 1416240318 專業(yè)班級 14級計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)與技術(shù)3班 指導(dǎo)教師 張秋余 學(xué) 院 計(jì)算機(jī)與通信學(xué)院 成 績 實(shí)驗(yàn)作業(yè)一DCT變換域數(shù)字水印調(diào)試一、experiment1.m調(diào)試結(jié)果：原始圖像原始水印圖像置亂后的水印圖像含水印的圖像二、experiment2.m調(diào)試結(jié)果含水印的圖像提取的水印圖像恢復(fù)的水印圖像三、experiment3.m調(diào)試結(jié)果原始水印圖像提取的水印圖像NC歸一化相關(guān)系數(shù)=0.9341回答NC值的大小決定了什么因素？是不是NC值越大越好？ NC的值決定了原始水印和提取出來的水印大的相似度，NC值越大原始水印與提

2、取出來的水印越相似。4、 總結(jié)： 數(shù)字水印是現(xiàn)代信號處理領(lǐng)域研究的熱點(diǎn)之一,涉及圖像處理、數(shù)字通信、密碼學(xué)、信息安全等多學(xué)科領(lǐng)域,增強(qiáng)數(shù)字水印的魯棒性是數(shù)字水印問題的關(guān)鍵。變換域技術(shù)，即把待隱藏的信息嵌入到載體的一個(gè)變換空間(如頻域)中。變換域法具有可與數(shù)據(jù)壓縮標(biāo)準(zhǔn)兼容的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，對諸如壓縮、剪裁和某些圖像處理等攻擊的魯棒性更強(qiáng)。利用基于二維DCT的信息隱藏算法對圖像進(jìn)行的處理具有良好的安全性、不可感知性、魯棒性和可證明性。它可以應(yīng)用到靜止圖像水印、視頻水印、版權(quán)保護(hù)、篡改提示、使用控制等領(lǐng)域中。在以圖像為隱蔽載體的信息隱藏技術(shù)中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。 附件：程序代碼experiment1.m0%

3、嵌入水印%clearclose allW=imread('yanggang-watermark.bmp'); % watermark W應(yīng)該為64*64的圖像W=rgb2gray(W);W=im2bw(W,0.5);subplot(1,2,1);imshow(W);title('original yanggang-watermark');W=Torus(W,20); % 對W進(jìn)行Torus變換 函數(shù)待實(shí)現(xiàn);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(W);title('yanggang-watermark after torus transform

4、9;);size1=size(W);M1=size1(1);M2=size1(2);w=zeros(1,M1*M2);for j=1:M1 for i=1:M2 w(i-1)*M1+j)=W(i,j); endend % 將水印存入w中%55%I=imread('lena.jpg'); % image 256*256figure;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(I);title('original image');size2=size(I);N1=size2(1);N2=size2(2);n1=N1/8;n2=N2/8;for a=1:n1 for

5、b=1:n2 fa,b=I(a-1)*8+1):(a*8),(b-1)*8+1):(b*8); Fa,b=dct2(fa,b); endend %將原圖分成8*8的小塊,共32*32塊分別做dct變換% n=(64*M1*M2)/(N1*N2); % n=4?% Q=intensity(F); % 求出每塊圖像里被選定區(qū)域的水印嵌入強(qiáng)度 F=embed(F,Q,w); % 將水印嵌入到選定的區(qū)域上 每小塊嵌入4bit的水印信息% I2=zeros(256,256);for n=1:N2/8 for m=1:N1/8 fm,n=idct2(Fm,n/255); I2(m*8-7):m*8,(n*

6、8-7):n*8)=fm,n; endend subplot(1,2,2);imshow(I2); % 得到嵌入水印后的圖像title('marked image')imwrite(I2,'marked.bmp','bmp');save marked I2; Experiment2.m% 提取水印%I2=imread('marked.bmp');figure;imshow(I2);title('marked image');N1=256;N2=256;n1=N1/8;n2=N2/8;for a=1:n1 for b

7、=1:n2 fa,b=I2(a-1)*8+1):(a*8),(b-1)*8+1):(b*8); Fa,b=dct2(fa,b); endendQ=intensity(F); w=pick_up(F,Q); % 將水印提取出來到一維數(shù)組w里面for j=1:64 for i=1:64 W(i,j)=w(i-1)*64+j); endendfigure;subplot(1,2,1);imshow(W);title('picked out watermark');W=Torus(W,44);subplot(1,2,2);imshow(W);title('resumed wat

8、ermark');imwrite(W,'Wpick.bmp','bmp');save Wpick W;experiment3.m% 相似度檢測%clear close allWori=imread('yanggang-watermark.bmp'); % 原始水印Wori=im2bw(Wori,0.5);Wpick=imread('Wpick.bmp'); % 待檢測水印subplot(1,2,1);imshow(Wori);title('original yanggang-watermark');subp

9、lot(1,2,2);imshow(Wpick);title('picked out yanggang-watermark');a=0;b=0;size=size(Wori);M1=size(1);M2=size(2);W1=ones(M1,M2);W2=ones(M1,M2);for i=1:M1 for j=1:M2 if (Wori(i,j)=0) W1(i,j)=-1; end if (Wpick(i,j)=0) W2(i,j)=-1; end a=a+W1(i,j)*W2(i,j); b=b+W2(i,j)2; endendNC=a/b% 將NC的值與閥值比較 得出結(jié)

10、論Embed.mfunction F = embed(F,Q,w) % w=1:64.*64 Fsize4=size(F);N1=size4(1); %32N2=size4(2); %32k=1;for j=1:N1 for i=1:N2 if(w(k)=1) Fi,j(1,5:7)=round(Fi,j(1,5:7)./Qi,j(1,5:7).*Qi,j(1,5:7)+Qi,j(1,5:7)./2; %Fi,j(2,5:7)=round(Fi,j(2,5:7)./Qi,j(2,5:7).*Qi,j(2,5:7)+Qi,j(2,5:7)./2; else Fi,j(1,5:7)=round(F

11、i,j(1,5:7)./Qi,j(1,5:7).*Qi,j(1,5:7); %Fi,j(2,5:7)=round(Fi,j(2,5:7)./Qi,j(2,5:7).*Qi,j(2,5:7); end k=k+1; if(w(k)=1) Fi,j(3,5:7)=round(Fi,j(3,5:7)./Qi,j(3,5:7).*Qi,j(3,5:7)+Qi,j(3,5:7)./2; %Fi,j(4,4:6)=round(Fi,j(4,4:6)./Qi,j(4,4:6).*Qi,j(4,4:6)+Qi,j(4,4:6)./2; else Fi,j(3,5:7)=round(Fi,j(3,5:7)./Q

12、i,j(3,5:7).*Qi,j(3,5:7); %Fi,j(4,4:6)=round(Fi,j(4,4:6)./Qi,j(4,4:6).*Qi,j(4,4:6); end k=k+1; if(w(k)=1) Fi,j(5,4)=round(Fi,j(5,4)./Qi,j(5,4).*Qi,j(5,4)+Qi,j(5,4)./2; else Fi,j(5,4)=round(Fi,j(5,4)./Qi,j(5,4).*Qi,j(5,4); end k=k+1; if(w(k)=1) Fi,j(7,2)=round(Fi,j(7,2)./Qi,j(7,2).*Qi,j(7,2)+Qi,j(7,2)

13、./2; else Fi,j(7,2)=round(Fi,j(7,2)./Qi,j(7,2).*Qi,j(7,2); end k=k+1; endEndIntensity.mfunction Q = intensity(F)Q1= 14 10 11 14 19 25 34 45; 10 11 11 12 15 20 26 33; 11 11 15 18 21 25 31 38; 14 12 18 24 28 33 39 47; 19 15 21 28 36 43 51 59; 25 20 25 33 43 54 64 74; 34 26 31 39 51 64 77 91; 45 33 38

14、47 59 74 91 108;Fdc=0;for b=1:32 for a=1:32 Fdc=Fdc+Fa,b(1,1); endendFdc=Fdc/32/32;for i=1:32 for j=1:32 Qi,j=Q1*(Fi,j(1,1)/Fdc0.649); for n=1:8 for m=1:8 if(m=1 | n=1) Qi,j(m,n)=max( Qi,j(m,n),(abs(Fi,j(m,n)0.75 * (Qi,j(m,n)0.25 ); end end end endendpick_up.mfunction w=pick_up(F,Q)size4=size(F);N1=

15、size4(1);N2=size4(2);w=(1:64*64);k=1;for j=1:N1 for i=1:N2 F1=Fi,j; Q1=Qi,j; if(mod(round(F1(1,6)./(Q1(1,6)/2),2)=1) w(k)=1; k=k+1; else w(k)=0; k=k+1; end if(mod(round(F1(3,6)./(Q1(3,6)/2),2)=1) w(k)=1; k=k+1; else w(k)=0; k=k+1; end if(mod(round(F1(5,4)./(Q1(5,4)/2),2)=1) w(k)=1; k=k+1; else w(k)=

16、0; k=k+1; end if(mod(round(F1(7,2)./(Q1(7,2)/2),2)=1) w(k)=1; k=k+1; else w(k)=0; k=k+1; end endEndTorus.mfunction W = Torus(W,n) % W為64*64矩陣 K=64 k=12;for i=1:64 for j=1:64 X(1,i,j)=i; Y(1,i,j)=j; endendfor m=1:n for i=1:64 for j=1:64 if (X(m,i,j)=0) X(m,i,j)=64; end if (Y(m,i,j)=0) Y(m,i,j)=64; en

17、d X(m+1,i,j)=mod(X(m,i,j)+Y(m,i,j),64); Y(m+1,i,j)=mod(k*X(m,i,j)+(k+1)*Y(m,i,j),64); end endendfor i=1:64 for j=1:64 if (X(n+1,i,j)=0) X(n+1,i,j)=64; end if (Y(n+1,i,j)=0) Y(n+1,i,j)=64; end ww(X(n+1,i,j),Y(n+1,i,j)=W(i,j); endendW=ww;實(shí)驗(yàn)作業(yè)二DCT變換域數(shù)字水印調(diào)試(含攻擊實(shí)驗(yàn))一、數(shù)字水印攻擊、檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)代碼調(diào)試結(jié)果該實(shí)驗(yàn)共有6個(gè)不同的攻擊、檢測實(shí)驗(yàn)，運(yùn)行w

18、atermark.m六次，請按“1-添加白噪聲”中給出的內(nèi)容分別書寫每個(gè)攻擊實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果：1-添加白噪聲實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果截提取以下三個(gè)參數(shù)：攻擊與提取處理時(shí)間attack_recover_time =2.0469載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比PSNR =74.7699原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)NC =0.99552-高斯低通濾波實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果截圖提取以下三個(gè)參數(shù)：攻擊與提取處理時(shí)間attack_recover_time =3.0625載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比PSNR =74.7699原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)NC =0.99553-JPEG 壓縮實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果截圖提取以下三個(gè)參數(shù)：攻擊與提取處

19、理時(shí)間attack_recover_time =2.9688載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比PSNR =74.7699原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)NC =0.99554-圖像剪切實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果截圖提取以下三個(gè)參數(shù)：攻擊與提取處理時(shí)間attack_recover_time =2.1094載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比PSNR =74.7699原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)NC =0.99555-旋轉(zhuǎn)10度實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果截圖提取以下三個(gè)參數(shù)：攻擊與提取處理時(shí)間attack_recover_time =2.0625載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比PSNR =74.7699原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)

20、NC =0.99556-直接檢測水印實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果截圖提取以下三個(gè)參數(shù)：攻擊與提取處理時(shí)間attack_recover_time =1.8906載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比PSNR =74.7699原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)NC =0.9955二、實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象總結(jié)：假如將watermark.m程序中第99行語句注釋去掉，再分別去掉110行-103行的注釋運(yùn)行程序會(huì)得到什么不同的結(jié)果？注意觀察并列出attack_recover_time、PSNR、NC三個(gè)參數(shù)值的變化。去掉100去掉101去掉102去掉103attack_recover_time1.35941.32811.32811.2969P

21、SNR97.879097.879097.879097.8790NC0.87250.87250.87250.8725附件：程序代碼watermark.m3% 數(shù)字水印嵌入、攻擊、檢測 %clear all; clc;start_time=cputime;% 讀取水印圖像 % I=imread('yanggang-watermark.bmp');I=rgb2gray(I);I=double(I)/255; I=ceil(I);%顯示水印圖像%figure(1);subplot(2,3,1);imshow(I),title('水印圖像')dimI=size(I);rm

22、=dimI(1);cm=dimI(2);%5 以下生成水印信息 %mark=I;alpha=50,k1=randn(1,8);k2=randn(1,8);a0=imread('lena.bmp');psnr_cover=double(a0);subplot(2,3,2),imshow(a0,),title('載體圖像');r,c=size(a0);cda0=blkproc(a0,8,8,'dct2');% 嵌入 %cda1=cda0; % cda1 = 256_256for i=1:rm % i=1:32 for j=1:cm % j=1:32

23、x=(i-1)*8;y=(j-1)*8; if mark(i,j)=1 k=k1; else k=k2; end cda1(x+1,y+8)=cda0(x+1,y+8)+alpha*k(1); cda1(x+2,y+7)=cda0(x+2,y+7)+alpha*k(2); cda1(x+3,y+6)=cda0(x+3,y+6)+alpha*k(3); cda1(x+4,y+5)=cda0(x+4,y+5)+alpha*k(4); cda1(x+5,y+4)=cda0(x+5,y+4)+alpha*k(5); cda1(x+6,y+3)=cda0(x+6,y+3)+alpha*k(6); cda

24、1(x+7,y+2)=cda0(x+7,y+2)+alpha*k(7); cda1(x+8,y+1)=cda0(x+8,y+1)+alpha*k(8); endend% 嵌入水印后圖像 %a1=blkproc(cda1,8,8,'idct2'); a_1=uint8(a1);imwrite(a_1,'withmark.bmp','bmp');subplot(2,3,3),imshow(a1,),title('嵌入水印后的圖像');disp('嵌入水印處理時(shí)間');embed_time=cputime-start_t

25、ime,% 攻擊實(shí)驗(yàn) 測試魯棒性 %disp('對嵌入水印的圖像的攻擊實(shí)驗(yàn)，請輸入選擇項(xiàng)：');disp('1-添加白噪聲');disp('2-高斯低通濾波');disp('3-JPEG 壓縮');disp('4-圖像剪切');disp('5-旋轉(zhuǎn)10度');disp('6-直接檢測水印');disp('其他-不攻擊');d=input('請輸入選擇（1-6）:');start_time=cputime; figure(1); switch d cas

26、e 6 subplot(2,3,4); imshow(a1,); title('未受攻擊的含水印圖像'); M1=a1; case 1 WImage2=a1; noise0=20*randn(size(WImage2); WImage2=WImage2+noise0; subplot(2,3,4); imshow(WImage2,); title('加入白噪聲后圖像'); M1=WImage2; M_1=uint8(M1); imwrite(M_1,'whitenoise.bmp','bmp'); case 2 WImage3=a

27、1; H=fspecial('gaussian',4,4,0.2); WImage3=imfilter(WImage3,H); subplot(2,3,4); imshow(WImage3,); title('高斯低通濾波后圖像'); M1=WImage3; M_1=uint8(M1); imwrite(M_1,'gaussian.bmp','bmp'); case 4 WImage4=a1; WImage4(1:64,1:512)=512; %把以下注釋的內(nèi)容逐一試試不同的剪切效果，注意觀察運(yùn)行時(shí)間、PSRN和NC值的變化情況%

28、 %WImage4(224:256,1:256)=256; %WImage4(1:256,224:256)=256; %WImage4(1:256,1:32)=256; %WImage4(128:384,256:512)=256; WImage4cl=mat2gray(WImage4); figure(1); %subplot(1,1,1); subplot(2,3,4); imshow(WImage4cl); title('部分剪切后圖像'); figure(1); M1=WImage4cl; %M_1=uint8(M1); %imwrite(M_1,'cutpart

29、.bmp','bmp'); case 3 WImage5=a1; WImage5=im2double(WImage5); cnum=10; dctm=dctmtx(8); P1=dctm; P2=dctm.' imageDCT=blkproc(WImage5,8,8,'P1*x*P2',dctm,dctm.'); DCTvar=im2col(imageDCT,8,8,'distinct').' n=size(DCTvar,1); DCTvar=(sum(DCTvar.*DCTvar)-(sum(DCTvar)/n)

30、.2)/n; dum,order=sort(DCTvar); cnum=64-cnum; mask=ones(8,8); mask(order(1:cnum)=zeros(1,cnum); im88=zeros(9,9); im88(1:8,1:8)=mask; im128128=kron(im88(1:8,1:8),ones(16); dctm=dctmtx(8); P1=dctm.' P2=mask(1:8,1:8); P3=dctm; WImage5=blkproc(imageDCT,8,8,'P1*(x.*P2)*P3',dctm.',mask(1:8,

31、1:8),dctm); WImage5cl=mat2gray(WImage5); %figure(2); subplot(2,3,4); imshow(WImage5cl); title('經(jīng)JPEG壓縮后圖像'); figure(1); M1=WImage5cl; case 5 WImage6=a1; WImage6=imrotate(WImage6,10,'bilinear','crop'); WImage6cl=mat2gray(WImage6); %figure(2); %subplot(1,1,1); subplot(2,3,4); i

32、mshow(WImage6cl); title('旋轉(zhuǎn)10度后圖像'); figure(1); M1=WImage6cl; otherwise disp('你輸入的是無效數(shù)字，圖像未受攻擊，將直接檢測水印'); subplot(2,3,4); imshow(a1,); title('未受攻擊的含水印圖像'); M1=a1; end %6666666666666666666666666666666666666666 提取水印 %psnr_watermarked=M1;dca1=blkproc(M1,8,8,'dct2');p=zer

33、os(1,8);for i=1:dimI(1) for j=1:dimI(2) % j=1:32 x=(i-1)*8;y=(j-1)*8; p(1)=dca1(x+1,y+8); p(2)=dca1(x+2,y+7); p(3)=dca1(x+3,y+6); p(4)=dca1(x+4,y+5); p(5)=dca1(x+5,y+4); p(6)=dca1(x+6,y+3); p(7)=dca1(x+7,y+2); p(8)=dca1(x+8,y+1); %sd1=sum(sum(p.*k1)/sqrt(sum(sum(p.2); %sd2=sum(sum(p.*k2)/sqrt(sum(su

34、m(p.2); %if sd1>sd2 if corr2(p,k1)>corr2(p,k2),warning off MATLAB:divideByZero; mark1(i,j)=1; else mark1(i,j)=0; end endendsubplot(2,3,5);imshow(mark1,),title('提取的水印圖像');subplot(2,3,6);imwrite(mark1,'getmark.bmp','bmp');imshow(mark),title('原嵌入水印比較');% time %disp

35、('攻擊與提取處理時(shí)間')attack_recover_time=cputime-start_time,% psnr %disp('載體圖像與含水印圖像峰值信噪比')PSNR=psnr(psnr_cover,psnr_watermarked,c,r),% Oringinal mark and mark test %disp('原水印圖像與提取水印圖像互相關(guān)系數(shù)')NC=nc(mark1,mark), Nc.m%Name: wei-kai19830426%Course: Digital Watermarking%Project: Calculate

36、s the NC (Normalized Correlation)%function: of watermark images A and A', both of size MxN% NC %function N=nc(mark_get,mark_prime)mark_get=double(mark_get);mark_prime=double(mark_prime);if size(mark_get)=size(mark_prime) error('Input vectors must be the same size!')else m,n=size(mark_get

37、); fenzi=0; fenmu=0; for i=1:m for j=1:n fenzi=fenzi+mark_get(i,j)*mark_prime(i,j); fenmu=fenmu+mark_prime(i,j)*mark_prime(i,j); end endN=min(fenzi/fenmu,fenmu/fenzi);endpsnr.m%Name: Chris Shoemaker%Course: EER-280 - Digital Watermarking%Project: Calculates the PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio)% of

38、images A and A', both of size MxN function A = psnr(image,image_prime,M,N) % convert to doubles image=double(image); image_prime=double(image_prime); % avoid divide by zero nastiness if (sum(sum(image-image_prime) = 0) error('Input vectors must not be identical') else psnr_num=M*N*max(ma

39、x(image.2); % calculate numerator psnr_den=sum(sum(image-image_prime).2); % calculate denominator A=psnr_num/psnr_den; % calculate PSNREndreturn 實(shí)驗(yàn)作業(yè)三LSB數(shù)字水印一、LSB代碼調(diào)試結(jié)果1、水印嵌入（lsb_embed.m）導(dǎo)出實(shí)驗(yàn)的所有圖像 注意記錄峰值信噪比PSNR參數(shù)值=55.87852、提取的信息（水?。╨sb_recover.m）從嵌入水印的圖片中提取嵌入的水印信息圖片注意記錄提取水印信息圖片的時(shí)間elapsed_time =0.45

40、31二、實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象總結(jié)：通過改變水印圖片尺寸和原始載體圖片尺寸的大小，觀察PSNR參數(shù)的變化情況，同時(shí)也注意elapsed_time 參數(shù)的變化情況，給出自己得出的結(jié)論P(yáng)SNRElapsed_time原始載體圖片512*512水印尺寸64*6455.87850.4531原始載體圖片256*256水印尺寸64*6455.88890.2188原始載體圖片512*512水印尺寸128*12855.92280.5156原始載體圖片256*256水印尺寸128*12855.84090.2031 峰值信噪比值越大，說明圖像處理效果越好，魯棒性強(qiáng)，越小越不好。歸一化相關(guān)系數(shù)值越大越好。附件A：程序代碼（注：需

41、要列出與上述實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果對應(yīng)的代碼，三個(gè)文件）lsb_embed.m%Name: Chris Shoemaker%Course: EER-280 - Digital Watermarking%Project: Least Significant Bit Substitution% Watermark Embeding clear all;clc;% save start timestart_time=cputime; % read in the cover objectfile_name='lena1.bmp'cover_object,map=imread(file_name);%

42、 read in the message imagefile_name='yanggang-waterkey5.bmp'message,map1=imread(file_name);message1=message; % convert to double for normalization, then back againmessage=double(message);message=fix(message./2);message=uint8(message); % determine size of cover objectMc=size(cover_object,1);

43、%HeightNc=size(cover_object,2); %Width % determine size of message objectMm=size(message,1); %HeightNm=size(message,2); %Width % title the message object out to cover object size to generate watermarkfor ii = 1:Mc for jj = 1:Nc watermark(ii,jj)=message(mod(ii,Mm)+1,mod(jj,Nm)+1); endend % now we set

44、 the lsb of cover_object(ii,jj) to the value of watermark(ii,jj)watermarked_image=cover_object;for ii = 1:Mc for jj = 1:Nc watermarked_image(ii,jj)=bitset(watermarked_image(ii,jj),1,watermark(ii,jj); endend % write the watermarked image out to a fileimwrite(watermarked_image,'lsb_watermarked.bmp','bmp'); % display processing timeelapsed_time=cputime-start_time; % calculate the PSNRpsnr=PSNR(cover_object,watermarked_image);disp('PSNR=');disp(psnr);% display watermarked imagefigure(1)imshow(watermarked_image,)title('Watermarked