新托?；A(chǔ)班聽力

1、托福聽力簡(jiǎn)介兩個(gè)長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，四個(gè)段子教授講座+學(xué)生課堂討論， 每篇文章500字以上，5-6題，共34題。答題時(shí)間60分鐘。與舊托福相比，文章長(zhǎng)度增加，小對(duì)話取消, 難度增加。難度增加的第二個(gè)方面表達(dá)在先聽，后看題。 -必須依靠筆記來(lái)答題 聽不懂的原因分析： 語(yǔ)速語(yǔ)音對(duì)習(xí)語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)的理解聽力習(xí)慣對(duì)場(chǎng)景的熟悉程度-最根底,最關(guān)鍵,是根底班的重點(diǎn)突破內(nèi)容1. 語(yǔ)速IBT語(yǔ)速: 220-250W/MVOA Standard English: 200-240W/MVOA Special English: 90-120 W/MVOA Standard, BBC, 電影2. 語(yǔ)音a:音化現(xiàn)象: cant, cla

2、ss, dance, Q: 如何區(qū)別能和不能？Wh的發(fā)音：what, when, where音a化現(xiàn)象: hot, Bob連讀現(xiàn)象：fill it in, hand it in example: - What should I do next? - Fill in this application form and hand it in. - Where and when should I hand it in? - Hand it in at the Registration Office no later than Friday. Remember, you cant quit halfw

3、ay as long as your application form is accepted. 2. 語(yǔ)音：提高語(yǔ)音的方法：跟讀推薦訓(xùn)練材料：, ?正音-美語(yǔ)發(fā)音根本功?3. 對(duì)習(xí)語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)的理解：習(xí)語(yǔ)與俚語(yǔ)：每個(gè)單詞都看得懂，但是放在一起的時(shí)候意思和單詞的本意差異很大Example: Fill it in on Leave it for a rain checkPull ones leg訓(xùn)練方法：注意平時(shí)的積累。 ?托福聽力習(xí)語(yǔ)必備?4. 聽力習(xí)慣：中文英文類型表意文字表形文字最小的意思表達(dá)單位字意群鍛煉方法：泛聽5步泛聽法: 脫離文字答案一句一句的聽原文邊聽邊記關(guān)鍵詞(n. v. & a.

4、),聽到但寫不出的單詞劃一條線空出來(lái)對(duì)照文字答案和你的聽力筆記, 補(bǔ)充出沒有寫出來(lái)的單詞和漏聽的地方將漏聽的地方的沒有寫出來(lái)的單詞跟讀三次(注意模仿原文的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)) 脫離文字答案將原文再聽一遍,重點(diǎn)記錄和聽第3步中的補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容 5.場(chǎng)景：熟悉場(chǎng)景的優(yōu)勢(shì)： 1.消除緊張情緒 2. 通過(guò)對(duì)少數(shù)核心單詞的把握可以迅速判斷出文章的主題，進(jìn)而通過(guò)一些對(duì)套路和規(guī)律的掌握，對(duì)文章的主要內(nèi)容，對(duì)話雙方的立場(chǎng)和態(tài)度， 出題的思路，答案的規(guī)律都能夠更好地把握，就算實(shí)在沒聽懂，也為猜測(cè)打了個(gè)很好的根底。 場(chǎng)景總結(jié)9大場(chǎng)景： 選課缺課場(chǎng)景， 體育鍛煉場(chǎng)景， 課外生活場(chǎng)景， 旅游場(chǎng)景， 打工場(chǎng)景， 選學(xué)校轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)校場(chǎng)景， 注

5、冊(cè)場(chǎng)景， 論文、作業(yè)、考試場(chǎng)景， 圖書館場(chǎng)景幾個(gè)實(shí)用的網(wǎng)站： Listening exercise 1:Passage one: pp. 128Key: 581選課場(chǎng)景選課場(chǎng)景：takecoursesign up forapply forRegister forpickcoursedropcourseaudit選課場(chǎng)景的三種考試思路學(xué)生和老師討論選課學(xué)生與學(xué)生討論選課跨專業(yè)選課 1. 每學(xué)期的開始或開始前，學(xué)生拿著自己的選課單去找教授談，得到教授的簽字同意。談話地點(diǎn)一般在辦公室內(nèi)。 核心詞匯： schedule card, approval, permission, signature 考點(diǎn):

6、 1). Topic題 學(xué)生與老師討論選課2. 老師的主要顧慮 課程太難/ 學(xué)生選課過(guò)多/ 學(xué)生根底太差，沒有學(xué)過(guò)根底課程 核心詞匯：heavy course load, light load, basic course, too much, too hard for you，compulsory courses/ required courses, optional/selective/elective courses, major/ major in/specialize in, elementary/ introductory/primary/ fundamental, intermed

7、iate/middle level, advanced, score, credit, assessment3. 學(xué)生提出自己的理由：課很容易，接受得了；很有興趣，喜歡該課程4. 最后，老師表示考慮一下，再給她答復(fù) 核心詞匯: ConsiderTake into considerationThink about itReplyMake the decisionListening exercise 4Passage one: pp. 152 Key: pp. 589Listening exercise 6Passage one: pp. 170Key: pp. 596Supplementary

8、exercise one學(xué)生與學(xué)生討論選課 文章結(jié)構(gòu)：一個(gè)學(xué)生不知道選什么好，另一個(gè)學(xué)生幫他分析，最后這個(gè)不知道怎么選課的學(xué)生聽從勸告，選了另外那個(gè)學(xué)生推薦的課程考點(diǎn)：1有困難的學(xué)生的困難是什么？和打工沖突？興趣和考試的沖突等等 2另一個(gè)學(xué)生給出的選課理由單項(xiàng)選擇，多項(xiàng)選擇，表格 3這個(gè)學(xué)生最后選了什么課？課程名稱總結(jié)1：歷史， 地理， 語(yǔ)言， 生物，History, geography, language, biology物理， 化學(xué)， 政治， 數(shù)學(xué)Physics, chemistry, politics, mathematics (maths)法律， 哲學(xué)， 文學(xué)， 社會(huì)學(xué)Law, phi

9、losophy, literature, sociology 醫(yī)學(xué)， 經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)， 會(huì)計(jì)， 金融Medicine, economy, accounting, finance課程名稱總結(jié)2：銀行學(xué)， 工程， 土木工程banking, engineering, civil engineering, 新聞， 群眾傳媒， 體育， Journalism, mass-communication, physical science農(nóng)業(yè)， 天文， 語(yǔ)言學(xué)Agriculture, astronomy, linguistics教育學(xué)， 社會(huì)科學(xué)， 生物工程Education, social sciences, bio

10、chemistry課程名稱總結(jié)3：幾何， 代數(shù)， 心理學(xué)，Geometry, algebra, psychology,電子工程, 人類學(xué)Electronic engineering, anthropology工商管理， 建筑學(xué)Business administration, architecture植物， 商學(xué)Botany， commercial science上香港大學(xué)網(wǎng)站Supplementary exercise 2 跨學(xué)科或是跨專業(yè)選課，都必須要經(jīng)過(guò)嚴(yán)格的程序。 自己系的主任批準(zhǔn)， 要選的系的主任批準(zhǔn)， 該課程主講教師， 還要該課程沒有爆滿。跨學(xué)科選課筆記記錄原那么： 數(shù)字化，簡(jiǎn)單化，

11、 符號(hào)化， 個(gè)性化1) 大數(shù)(人口,報(bào)紙雜志的發(fā)行量)借助數(shù)位符: 每隔三位有一個(gè)數(shù)位符.聽到thousand 加一個(gè)數(shù)位符聽到million加兩個(gè)數(shù)位符聽到billion加三個(gè)數(shù)位符Example: 13，625，004，069 Thirteen billion, six hundred and twenty five million, four thousand and sixty nine. Key : 32,006,080, 005Exercise 1Newspapers 1. Daily Telegraph 2. Financial Times 3. The Guardian 4.

12、The Times 5. Daily Mirror 6. Sun 7. Observer 8. Sunday Times 9. New York Times 10. Wall Street Journal 11. Washington Post 12. Los Angeles Times 13. Chicago Tribune 14. Boston Globe 15. Christian Science MonitorDaily Circulations1,445,833197,698375,179315,1793,650,6363,837,2151,017,6311,418,516914,9

13、381,798,416601,4171,024,322789,767350,848172,470簡(jiǎn)單化善用縮寫： m-metre, m2-square metre, l-litre, A.M , P.MY-year, m/mth-month, d-day, h-hour, min-minute, 50 s-second 50G-government, O-organisation, NGO-non government organisation, S-U.S. K-Korea中文中筆畫很少，比英文單詞明顯要簡(jiǎn)單的字或詞：“人， “大, “小， “中sK-south Korea, nK-nort

14、h Korea, Ys-for years, 中G-Chinese government, SG-the U.S. government 將元音省略，只保存第一個(gè)音節(jié)的元音 Prof. Dept. Rd. St. Std. Ref. (reference). Faclt (faculty), sub. (subject), exe (exercise), supvs (supervisor). 月份縮寫：前三個(gè)字母，Sept. July, June. 星期縮寫：前三個(gè)字母，符號(hào)化：箭頭和線條： Increase, rise, climb, jump, turn up, develop, upg

15、rade, promoted Fall, decrease, drop, decline Send to, send out, submit, talk to Hand in, come back, receive from 數(shù)學(xué)符號(hào)：+: increase, furthermore, in addition to, with, and sth. positiveEg. Mood+, shape+-: decrease, sth. negative=: wait, the same as, equal: bigger than, more than, better than, superior

16、 to because, owing to, thanks to as a result, therefore, consequently VIP, leader, some important event 表示 affirmation 表示 negation表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：！。， *表示順序和聯(lián)系：1，2， 3， 4。 A, b, c, d.作業(yè)， 考試場(chǎng)景:幾種作業(yè)的形式：Assignment: paper, essay, thesis, course work, project, presentationExam: mid-term exam, final examDissertation與論

17、文有關(guān)的核心詞匯： Choose your topic, tutorial, discuss about your essay, outline, organize your essay, first draft, second draft, final draft (version), revise/ edit, proofread, re-reading, deadline/due day, submit/hand in, grade ones paper, pass/fail, resubmit, ask for an extension關(guān)于論文的考點(diǎn)： 題目太寬泛， 需要把它的范圍縮小

18、 topic, too broad Trim down, narrow down, focused 聽：Chapter 2 long dialogue 2 pp.77 (key pp. 227) Listening review exercise: pp. 137 (key pp. 585) 2. 資料難找Too much material to cover look here, there and everywherein vain have all sorts of trouble 3. 教授難找，論文每寫一步都要征得老師的同意，談?wù)摰慕裹c(diǎn)是老師什么時(shí)候有時(shí)間。 教授一般只看outline

19、, 不看draft Office hour/ lab hour available seek comments/ feedback Ask for the permission of your supervisor. Youd better ask for your professors advice first. Listening exercise 6: Passage two: pp. 170Key: 596 4. 文章難打，學(xué)生多，機(jī)器少，機(jī)器總被占用著，學(xué)生往往感慨什么時(shí)候才能擁有自己的機(jī)器。 Computer room be tied up be occupied be packe

20、d with people come here sometime later afford to buy關(guān)于作業(yè)的考點(diǎn)： 作業(yè)難寫，作業(yè)要晚交 晚交一定要有充足的理由 1. 晚交的原因 電腦壞了： break down, couldnt retrieve any of my files, can afford, dont have to spare (沒錢修)， take quite a while 交錯(cuò)了版本： the wrong version/ not the final draft 病了或研究環(huán)節(jié)受阻： interview 沒有如期進(jìn)行 聽：Chapter 2. short dialo

21、gue sample P 64-65 Listening exercise 1: passage two: pp. 128 key:pp. 582 Chapter 1 long dialogue 2 pp.55 (key pp. 193) 2. 熬夜寫作業(yè)： All day and all night, cram the night, day in and day out, be up, sit up, study 36 hours a day, awake, burn the midnight oil, study around the clock熬夜的后果：精神萎靡不振Sleepy, lo

22、usy, cannot keep my eyes open對(duì)熬夜的評(píng)價(jià)：不應(yīng)該熬夜，不應(yīng)該臨時(shí)抱佛腳關(guān)于考試，考試難考， 考什么考筆Stressed, a lot of pressure, panicky，notes (you should review your notes)Chapter 4 short dialogue sample pp. 107 選學(xué)?；蜣D(zhuǎn)學(xué)場(chǎng)景 申請(qǐng)的過(guò)程 選學(xué)校和專業(yè)-和教授交流-準(zhǔn)備申請(qǐng)材料-寄出申請(qǐng)材料-等學(xué)?；貜?fù)1學(xué)校的性質(zhì) 公立大學(xué)public university, 私立大學(xué)private university, good reputation, lon

23、g history社區(qū)大學(xué) community college, 2. 學(xué)費(fèi)的上下 私立學(xué)校有著較大的名氣，同時(shí)費(fèi)用也較高，而公立大學(xué)費(fèi)用相對(duì)較為低廉。 核心詞匯：tuition, expenses, costs, board and lodging, afford, affordable有沒有財(cái)政支持 獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金， 助學(xué)金/學(xué)生貸款 核心詞匯： financial aid/bursary scholarship fellowship student loan/debt donor/ donation種類:yearly scholarship/ offer on a yearly basis, s

24、cholarships for full four years申請(qǐng)條件:requirements/ criteria, financially in need, life hardship, distinctive personal achievement, academic achievement, extra-curricular activities letter of recommendation, 如何申請(qǐng) apply for,website, apply on line, determine scholarship, keep ones scholarship/ fellowshi

25、pa committee of donorsofficial document聽：Chapter 4-Long Dialogue 3 pp. 121 key pp. 300 Listening exercise 3: Passage two: pp. 144 Key: pp. 586-587 Chapter5-long dialogue 3 pp.149 key:341-342表示贊同和反對(duì)的習(xí)語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式 贊同： You bet./ You said it./ You can say that again./ You may (might) well say so./ Ill say./ W

26、ell said./ Youre telling me./ Right on!/ Yes, indeed!/ So be it./ I couldnt agree with you more/ Isnt it ever!/ Didnt she though/ And how! Is sky blue?/ Is ice cold?/ Can fish swim? 表示贊同和反對(duì)的習(xí)語(yǔ)和表達(dá)方式反對(duì)： Do you mean that? / Can pig fly? / Is ice hot? Do you think so?You think its right?/ I couldnt agre

27、e with you less.Who told you that?/ What makes you say so?Thats not saying much!/ Dont look at me!Are you kidding? / joking?/ You dont say so!So you say!/Who says that?以how/why 開頭的反問句？ How did you know? / she knows? How can we get there on time? Why bother? / Why run? / Why waste our money? 一些關(guān)于獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金介

28、紹的文章4. 班級(jí)規(guī)模大小 私立大學(xué)的班級(jí)規(guī)模較小，師生間有更多的交流的時(shí)機(jī)，公立大學(xué)班級(jí)規(guī)模大，會(huì)阻礙師生間的交流。 核心詞匯： class size, personal attention, individual attention, interact, group discussion.5. 學(xué)校教學(xué)水平的上下 談?wù)撜n程由誰(shuí)教授，有些學(xué)校由清一色教授講課，但有的由研究生代課，學(xué)生對(duì)此較為挑剔。核心詞匯：faculty, graduates, undergraduates, professor, associate professor, lecturer6. 學(xué)校的位置 有的學(xué)生喜歡待在大

29、城市里，因?yàn)橛兄S富的夜生活和課外活動(dòng)，也有些學(xué)生喜歡寧?kù)o的大學(xué)城里的學(xué)習(xí)氣氛。核心詞匯：setting, location, environment, large city, small town, college town這類段落常考的問題 Topic 題: wanna change a school, college專業(yè)：需要聽清兩個(gè)學(xué)生談到的專業(yè)major, specialty細(xì)節(jié)：需要辦理的手續(xù)， 比方：想去的學(xué)校是否接受他/她，教授的推薦信， 以及學(xué)分問題。Go through the formalities, letters of reference, dated, curren

30、t, credit, transfer the credit, waiveLibrary: 規(guī)章制度: Reserve bookPut on reserveCheck outrenewLate returnsOverdue/dueFineDemagnetizeOn ones cardLoan/on ones loanHold the book for sb.the book is on holdRequest on the bookSign the book back in 部門設(shè)置: Circulation deskReference room:Dictionary Bibliography

31、Literature guidesStackPaperback sectionHardback sectionPeriodical room:NewspaperMagazineAcademic journalCurrent issueOlder issue/back issueList by title, by author and by topic特色詞匯:LibrarianCall numberMagnetically codedReserved booksVolumeShelvesIndexCatalogRare book collectionrecallChapter 5, short

32、 dialogue 4, pp. 136Key: 318Listening exercise 3:pp.143Key: pp. 586新生注冊(cè)場(chǎng)景registration 細(xì)節(jié)題， 熟悉報(bào)到注冊(cè)的詞匯和表達(dá)。Prerequisites: officially enrolled admit officially registered be accepted Place and time: registration office Building Department designated timeregistration dateregistration has closedregistrati

33、on hasnt started Forms: course enrolment formsstamp your formsadmission letterStudents: student number/ student identificationfirst year student (second, third, forth)/ freshman, sophomore, junior, seniorundergraduate/ post-graduate/ newly admitted student/ returning studentresident student/ non-res

34、ident student regular student/ auditor/ continuing studentTuition fee: pay for the tuition feefinancial aid/scholarship/fellowshippay by credit card, debit card, cash, cheque, direct debit, bank draft / pay in-person at. Certification: establish residence (bill): name, address birth certificateChapt

35、er 1-Short Dialogue 2 pp.46key pp. 179Chapter 5-Short Dialogue sample pp.130-131key pp. 130-131約, +: traff. Help?Regi. & ?1st y: 定 & , admss Conti: -冬Pay? 信Opt: teller, 自己, 體育鍛煉場(chǎng)景： 1. 表示鍛煉的單詞和詞組： do exercises, work out, go to the gym exhaust oneself in the gym2. 場(chǎng)所： gym, health club, fat farm, sport

36、 center 運(yùn)開工程： gym activities: jogging, running, skiing, cycling, rock-climbing, walk, beach activities: swim, water polo, surfing, sand volleyball, play badminton/ football (soccer)/ basketball /tennis/ squash yoga, stretch, 目的(出題點(diǎn))： 1) keep fit/ healthy, keep in good shape (get back into shape), fo

37、r fun not for competition 2) lose weight, put on some weight/ 80 kilos (pounds), trim down, burn the fat off, go on a diet, be on a diet 3) charity activity, raise fund/money for 4看靚女態(tài)度和感受出題點(diǎn)： enthusiastic, fan, amateur, professional, exhausted, collapse in exhaustion 聽: 1) chapter 1-sample pp. 44-4

38、5類似于通感的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用方式 I hear you. 我理解你I see. 我明白了I can tell. 我看得出來(lái)I can smell that. / it. 我能感覺到Chapter 5-short dialogue 3 pp. 135 key: pp. 317 游泳：swimming pool, swimming team, open swim, lap (do laps), dip (go for a dip), dive, swimming suit/costume, swimming belt (救生圈)付費(fèi)： drop-in price a ten/fifteen punch

39、card for waive monthly fee gold card/silver card/ annual card/season card/VIP cardChapter 1-Long Dialogue 1 pp.54key pp. 190-191 強(qiáng)調(diào)句的構(gòu)成： 1疑問句的否認(rèn)結(jié)構(gòu) Hasnt he Isnt he eg. Hasnt he taken the exam ! 2) 疑問句用降調(diào)來(lái)讀，再加上even, though的副詞Fast food/ snack/ dessert: sandwich, sausage roll, muffin, baguette, cheese

40、cake, pie, donut, salad, fish and chips, pasta, spaghetti, pizza, egg tart, lasagne, brownie Kg10kg fast food/ swim ?Diet exe. gym3/w 1kg food +exe. Diet kgEat anyth. Exe kgJunk f.+ fast f. Sugar moodWill power a must, chocolate bars, mum send, friend share.自律對(duì)于爭(zhēng)論型的文章，要掌握三點(diǎn)：爭(zhēng)論的問題是什么？爭(zhēng)論雙方的觀點(diǎn)是什么？在雙方的說(shuō)

41、話的首兩句中找解決方案是什么？Gym： equipment: 有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)器材: 原地腳踏車: 劃船機(jī): 交叉臂跑步機(jī): 踏步機(jī): 舉重器材: 舉重椅: 舉重臺(tái): 杠鈴: 拳擊沙包: 輪滑鞋:cardio equipment,treadmill，rower，cross trainer，stepper，weight machine，weight bench，lifting platform，lifting bar，punching bag，rollerrooms/ courts: tennis court, badminton court, squash court, racquetball cou

42、rt, weight room 舉重房, book a court, rent the facilities. time slots/blocks/ opening hours: weekdays, weekend, peak time, non-peak time/off peak time It opens fromto The opening hours are fromtorules and regulations: safety rules, towel, sports shoes, gym shirts, shorts, black-soled shoescompulsory, n

43、ot allowed, must, limit (be limited to/ have a time limit of )induction/ supervisor: fitness trainer, equipment demonstration, give specific instruction on doing a personal fitness assessment/ appraisal缺課 : 缺課原因： 1睡過(guò)了，2車壞了，3生病了， 4錯(cuò)過(guò)班車了， 5) 有其他的事情了核心詞匯 oversleep/ overslept, have trouble waking up, my

44、 car broke down, my car couldnt start, miss my bus,illness, sick, flu, run a temperature, have a bad cold/cough, fill me in on sth.(詳細(xì)talk about sth.) 2. 所缺內(nèi)容： 文章原詞即是答案細(xì)節(jié)題聽到什么選什么3. 男生疑問： 男生在女生講解內(nèi)容的過(guò)程中會(huì)提出一些比較奇怪的問題其語(yǔ)氣和語(yǔ)調(diào)會(huì)與前面的句型有很大的差異4. 男生表態(tài)：男生表示遺憾，錯(cuò)過(guò)了一節(jié)重要的課，下次一定不再遲到了。聽：Chapter 5-short dialogue 1 pp. 1

45、34 (key, pp. 315) 打工場(chǎng)景查詢職位空缺： 學(xué)生通過(guò)打 或看報(bào)紙查詢理想的工作，并通過(guò) 預(yù)約面試的時(shí)間 Job opening/vacancy post/position check the paper help-wanted section telephone inquiry make an appointment interview 2.面試過(guò)程：必然談到的三大話題：工作時(shí)間，工資收入，及必要的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)Fill out the form, identification, working hour, salary, income, get paid, be paid, rat

46、equalification, necessary working experiences, some one will be with you in a moment，3. 最終決定：面試過(guò)后，學(xué)生會(huì)最終決定接受或者拒絕該工作，請(qǐng)注意聽好哪個(gè)因素導(dǎo)致了他的決定，工資不滿意，工作時(shí)間不好還是不具備相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)Job offer, accept, refuse/turn down, make ends meetChapter 4 long dialogue 2 pp.120 (key pp. 297-298)4. 交流感受： 工作的性質(zhì)，工作時(shí)間的滿意度，工資的上下，工作的開展前途，是否能為畢業(yè)后找到固定工作打下根底 Indoor, outdoor, part-time, full-time, permanent staff5. 打工及學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間沖突及解決方法：打工和學(xué)習(xí)沖突選擇學(xué)習(xí)，打工和實(shí)習(xí)沖突選擇實(shí)習(xí)Day shift, night shift, switch shift, put me on the evening, do me a favo