玻璃纖維基本知識(shí)

1、一、什么是玻璃纖維I. What is fiberglass?1. 材料分類 Material Category 2. 產(chǎn)品品種 Product category3. 主要性能 Main properties4. 主要產(chǎn)品 Main products1、材料分類 Material category Steel鋼鐵 Metal 金屬 Nonferrous metals有色金屬 Organic materials有機(jī)材料Materials Fiberglass玻璃纖維玻璃纖維材料 FRP/High performance composites Nonmetal Special glass/deep

2、-processed glass 非金屬 Inorganic Special ceramic materials Artificial crystal 無機(jī)材料 Synthetic mica Laser crystal Special cementing material 2、產(chǎn)品品種Product category Medium-Alkali fiberglass (C)中堿中堿 Continuous fiberglass Alkali-free fiberglass (E)無堿無堿 連續(xù)玻璃纖維 High-Alkali fiberglass (A)高堿 Staple fiberglass

3、& glass wool玻璃棉Fiberglass玻璃纖維 High-strength fiberglass (S) 高強(qiáng) High-modulus fiberglass (M）高模量 High-silica fiberglass高硅氧 Special fiberglass Alkali & corrosion resistant fiberglass 抗堿 特種玻璃纖維 Optical communication fiberglass光通信 Light-guide fiberglass光導(dǎo)3、玻璃材料 Glass-making materialsa)中堿玻璃原料 C-glas

4、s raw materialso中堿玻璃球 C-glass marbleo中堿玻璃粉料 C-glass batcho中堿廢絲 C-glass recycled waste fiberb)無堿玻璃原料 E-glass raw materialso無堿玻璃球 E-glass marbleo無堿玻璃粉料 E-glass batcho無堿廢絲 E-glass recycled waster fiber3.1 中堿玻璃粉料C-glass Raw materialsa)石英砂 Quartz sand：SiO2b)鈉長(zhǎng)石 Albite：AL2O3 、Na2Oc)白云石 Dolomite：CaO MgO d)

5、石灰石 Limestone：CaO e)瑩石 Fluorspar：CaF2 f)純堿 Soda ash：Na2CO3 g)硝酸鈉 Sodium nitrate：NaNO3 h)無水硫酸鈉 Anhydrous sodium sulfate：Na2SO4 i)氧化鈰 Ceria：CeO2 3.2 無堿玻璃粉料 E-Glass raw materialsa) 高嶺土/葉臘石 Clay/Pyrophyllite：AL2O3 、SiO2b) 硼鈣石 Colemanite：B2O3、CaOc)石灰石 Limestone：CaO d) 瑩石 Fluorspar：CaF2、SiO2、CaCO3 e) 石英砂

6、Quartz sand：SiO2f)純堿 Soda ash：Na2CO3 g) 無水硫酸鈉 Anhydrous sodium sulfate ：Na2SO43.3 玻璃成分 Glass composition3.3 成分與作用 Components and their functionso氧化硅SiO2：物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)、骨架 Basis and matrixo氧化鋁Al2O3 ：降析晶和膨脹系數(shù),提高穩(wěn)定性和強(qiáng)度o to reduce recrystallization and expansiono coefficient and increase stability and strength o氧

7、化鈣氧化鎂 ：降低高溫時(shí)粘度，促進(jìn)熔化、澄清、提高拉絲速度 CaO/ MgO: To reduce viscosity at high temperature and promote melting, refining and increase winding speed. o氧化硼B(yǎng)2Oo氧化鐵Fe2O3 o堿金屬；助熔，提高流動(dòng)性 o Na2O/K2O ； To aid melting and increase fluidity4、主要產(chǎn)品 Main productsp 合股無捻粗紗p 直接無捻粗紗p 短切原絲p 無捻粗紗布p 縫編短切氈p 短切原絲氈p 縫編復(fù)合氈p 細(xì)紗4.1 主要產(chǎn)品

8、合股無捻粗紗合股無捻粗紗 Main products Assembled rovinga) 噴射噴射 Spray up Roving (SP)b) 纏繞纏繞 Filament winding roving( FW)c) 拉擠拉擠 Pultrusion (PL)d) SMC roving (Roving for SMC)e) HOBAS管道管道 Roving for HOBAS pipes (HS)f) 膨體膨體 Textured roving (BY)g) 透明板材透明板材 Panel roving (TS)h) 熱塑性增強(qiáng)熱塑性增強(qiáng) Roving for thermoplastics (RP

9、)i) Roving for GMT (GMT)4.2 主要產(chǎn)品直接無捻粗紗直接無捻粗紗 Main products- direct rovinga) 纏繞纏繞 Filament winding roving (FW)b) 拉擠拉擠 Pultrusion roving (PL)c) 織布織布 Roving for woven roving (WR)4.3 主要產(chǎn)品短切原絲 Main products Chopped strandsa) 團(tuán)狀模塑料團(tuán)狀模塑料 Bulk molding compound （BM） b) 熱塑性增強(qiáng)熱塑性增強(qiáng) Thermoplastic reinforcement

10、(TP)c) 濕法短切濕法短切 Wet chop (WS)d) 增強(qiáng)水泥增強(qiáng)水泥 Reinforced cement (RC )4.4 主要產(chǎn)品布?xì)?Main products fabric & mata) 無捻粗紗布無捻粗紗布 Woven rovingEWRb) 縫編短切氈縫編短切氈Stitched chopped strand matEMKc) 短切原絲氈短切原絲氈Chopped strand matEMCd) 縫編復(fù)合氈縫編復(fù)合氈Stitched combo matEMK（0，90）4.5 主要產(chǎn)品其它 Main products - Others細(xì)紗細(xì)紗Continuous f

11、ilament yarn一般指單纖維直徑一般指單纖維直徑9微米以下的玻璃纖維紗，包微米以下的玻璃纖維紗，包括括G75紗、紗、D450紗、紗、E225紗等，織成紗等，織成7628布、布、2116布、布、1080布等。布等。主要用于電子行業(yè)，增強(qiáng)覆銅板基板，部份為工主要用于電子行業(yè)，增強(qiáng)覆銅板基板，部份為工業(yè)用布。業(yè)用布。二、玻璃纖維行業(yè)的歷史 II. History of fiberglass industry1.國(guó)際發(fā)展 International development2.國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展 Domestic development3.市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Market competition4.行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 Ind

12、ustry current status1、國(guó)際發(fā)展 International developmento2000多年前，古埃及手工拉制玻纖做裝飾材料；oOver 2000 years ago, Egyptians manually made fiberglass as ornament materialo20世紀(jì)30年代，美國(guó)發(fā)明了鉑坩堝拉制工藝技術(shù)；oIn the 1930s, Americans invented the technology of producing fiberglass with platinum crucibleso1938年美國(guó)成立OWENS CORNING，具有

13、工業(yè)性規(guī)模，用于絕緣材料；oIn 1938 Owens Corning Co was established in USA which had a industrial scale of fiberglass production for insulation application.o二戰(zhàn)后工業(yè)普及，成立了圣哥本（法）、皮爾金頓（英）、日東紡（日）等；oAfter World War II, the industrial production of fiberglass became popular and St. Gobain(France), Pilkington (Great Brit

14、ain),Nittobo(Japan) started to produce fiberglass.o 19591960年， OWENS CORNING和PPG公司相繼建成了玻璃纖維池窯。o In 1959 and 1960, Owens Corning and PPG built fiberglass furnaces.2、國(guó)內(nèi)發(fā)展Domestic developmento20世紀(jì)50年代后期，我國(guó)玻璃纖維工業(yè)誕生，采用陶土坩堝法和鎳鉻合金孔板法生產(chǎn)；oIn late 1950s, the fiberglass industry started in China and the fiberg

15、lass then was produced with clay crucibles and nickel-chrome alloy nozzle plateso20世紀(jì)60年代中期，研制成功代鉑坩堝法生產(chǎn)工藝；oIn the middle of 1960s, the platinum-substitute crucible process was inventedo20世紀(jì)90年代初，池窯法開始在中國(guó)普及。oIn the 1990s, the fiberglass furnaces became popular in China 3、市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng) Market competitorso 國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

16、對(duì)手歐文斯.康寧（美）、PPG（美）、圣哥本（法）o International competitors Owens Corning, PPG , St. Gobaino 國(guó)內(nèi)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手巨石、泰山、重慶 o Domestic competitors: Jushi,Taishan fiberglass, CPIC4、行業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 Industry current statuso 奠基于上世紀(jì)30年代末，已成獨(dú)立工業(yè)體系。 The industry established itself in 1930s and has formed into an independent industry system

17、.o 目前有數(shù)千個(gè)品種與規(guī)格、5萬多種用途，成為現(xiàn)代工業(yè)材料家族中重要的一員。o At present there are thousands of product types and specifications and over 50,000 applications and fiberglass has become an important member in the modern industrial material family.三、玻璃纖維有什么用處？III. What is fiberglass for?1. 交通運(yùn)輸 Transportation2. 建筑建材 Construction3. 電氣工業(yè) Electrical4. 機(jī)械工業(yè) Engineering5. 石油化工 Petroleum & chemical6. 休閑文化 Leisure and sports7. 國(guó)防科技 Defence四、玻璃