Chapter 5 Clutch(3.1-3.2)

1、CHAPTER 3 power trainReview 1: Whats the main function of chassis? Conveys the drive to the wheelsAbsorbs the road shocksControls the direction of movementSlows down the vehicleProvides the support for automotive components3.1 overview of power trainCHAPTER 3 power trainReview 2: List the main parts

2、 of chassis.Power trainRunning GearSteering SystemBraking SystemCHAPTER 3 power trainPower train1Clutch 2Transmission 3UJ (Universal joints) 4Drive shaft 5Final drive 6Differential 7Half-shaftCHAPTER 3 power trainRunning Gear1Front axle 2Rear axle 3Suspension4Frame 5WheelCHAPTER 3 power trainSteerin

3、g System1Steering wheel 2Steering gear shaft 3Steering gear4Steering knuckle 5Tie rod / track rodCHAPTER 3 power train1Break drum 2Gas tank 3Break pipeBraking SystemCHAPTER 3 power trainReview 3: List the types of chassis layout.FF = Front Engine Front DriveFR = Front Engine Rear DriveRR = Rear Engi

4、ne Rear DriveMR = Middle Engine Rear Driven WD = Full Wheel DriveCHAPTER 3 power trainFF=Front Engine Front DriveAdvantages:1. Lower floor gives good cornering and low car gives small air resistance2. Short car3. Flat floor, no propeller shaft tunnel or gearbox protrusions4. Majority of weight at fr

5、ont gives good grip and good cornering Disadvantages:1. Complicated structure and technology2. High cost3. Hard to serviceApplication: saloon car (Br. E.)= sedan (Am. E.)CHAPTER 3 power trainFR=Front Engine Rear DriveAdvantages: 1. Fairly even load applied to each wheel 2. Main components easily rem

6、oved 3. Simple type of universal joint is used Disadvantages: 1. Low efficiency 2. Big Weight 3. The height of floor is limitedApplication: Most trucks, some saloon cars, some busesCHAPTER 3 power trainRR=Rear Engine Rear DriveAdvantages: 1 Large load on driving wheels gives good grip 2 Compact layo

7、ut, short car 3 Simpler drive shaft layout than FWD(front-wheel drive) Disadvantages: 1. Remote operating system is complicated located 2. Engine cannt prevent dust well 3. Hard to serviceApplication: Heavy and Middle passenger carsCHAPTER 3 power trainMR=Middle Engine Rear DriveAdvantages: 1. Conce

8、ntrative weight 2. High efficiency 3. Good handling propertiesDisadvantages: 1. Engine needs special design 2. Hard to service 3. Complicated remote operating systemApplication: Most sports carsCHAPTER 3 power trainn WD=Full Wheel DriveAdvantages: 1. Fairly even load applied to each wheel 2. Each ti

9、re is evenly abraded 3. Best cross-country capability Disadvantages: 1. Complicated structure and high cost 2. Hard to service 3. Big weight and low efficiencyApplication: Jeep and cross-country vehiclesCHAPTER 3 power trainReview 4: List the drive line of a FR Automobile.CHAPTER 3 power trainReview

10、 5: Whats the function of clutch?3.2 clutchDisengages the drive when necessaryPrevents the overload of powertrainProvides a smooth take-up of the driveCHAPTER 3 power train1). dry friction clutch When a vehicle is to be moved from rest the clutch must engage a stationary gearbox shaft with the engin

11、e; this must be rotating at a high speed to provide sufficient power or else the load will be too great and the engine will stall (come to rest). 當(dāng)汽車原地起步時(shí)，離合器要將靜止的變速器軸同當(dāng)汽車原地起步時(shí)，離合器要將靜止的變速器軸同發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)接合起來，此時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須高速旋轉(zhuǎn)以提供發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)接合起來，此時(shí)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須高速旋轉(zhuǎn)以提供足夠大的功率，否則載荷過大將引起發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火。足夠大的功率，否則載荷過大將引起發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)熄火。CHAPTER 3 power trainC

12、oil SpringDiaphragm SpringReview 6: List the types of clutch spring.Coil Spring ClutchDiaphragm Spring ClutchCHAPTER 3 power train(Pressure plate)throwout bearing 分離軸承分離軸承Basic words離合器從動(dòng)盤離合器蓋壓盤離合器分離叉離合器分離軸承轂夾離合器殼Clutch houseCHAPTER 3 power traincrankshaftflywheelclutch houseclutch coverclutch lever

13、clutch discpressure plateclutch bearingInput shaft of transmissionhub flange of clutch disc return springrelease forkCHAPTER 3 power trainReview 7: List the main parts of a dry clutch?Driving memberDriven memberOperating memberCHAPTER 3 power trainCHAPTER 3 power trainDriving member：CHAPTER 3 power

14、train2）the driving member: The driving member consists of two parts: the flywheel and the pressure plate. The flywheel is bolted directly to the engine crankshaft and rotates when the crankshaft turns. The pressure plate is bolted to the flywheel. The result is that both flywheel and pressure plate

15、rotate together. 主動(dòng)部分由飛輪和壓盤兩部件組成。飛主動(dòng)部分由飛輪和壓盤兩部件組成。飛輪用螺栓直接連接到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸上，隨輪用螺栓直接連接到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)曲軸上，隨曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)而旋轉(zhuǎn)。壓盤與飛輪連接，這曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)而旋轉(zhuǎn)。壓盤與飛輪連接，這樣飛輪和壓盤一起旋轉(zhuǎn)。樣飛輪和壓盤一起旋轉(zhuǎn)。CHAPTER 3 power trainDriven member：CHAPTER 3 power train3） The driven member: The driven member, or clutch disc, is located between the flywheel and pressure p

16、late. The disc has a splined hub that locks to the splined input shaft on the gearbox. Any rotation of the clutch disc turns the input shaft. 從動(dòng)部分（或從動(dòng)盤）位于從動(dòng)部分（或從動(dòng)盤）位于飛輪和壓盤之間。從動(dòng)盤上飛輪和壓盤之間。從動(dòng)盤上有花鍵轂，連接著變速器上有花鍵轂，連接著變速器上帶花鍵的輸入軸。從動(dòng)盤的帶花鍵的輸入軸。從動(dòng)盤的旋轉(zhuǎn)帶動(dòng)變速器輸入軸隨之旋轉(zhuǎn)帶動(dòng)變速器輸入軸隨之轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。CHAPTER 3 power train4）The drive

17、n member: The inner part of the clutch disc, called the hub flange, has a number of small coil springs. These springs are called torsional springs. They let the middle part of the clutch disc turn slightly on the hub. Thus, the springs absorb the torsional vibrations of the crankshaft. When the spri

18、ngs have compressed completely, the clutch moves back until the springs relax. In other words, the clutch absorbs these engine vibrations, preventing the vibrations from going through the drive train. 當(dāng)從動(dòng)盤的內(nèi)側(cè)（轂緣）有一些叫作扭當(dāng)從動(dòng)盤的內(nèi)側(cè)（轂緣）有一些叫作扭轉(zhuǎn)彈簧的小螺旋彈簧，這些彈簧使得從轉(zhuǎn)彈簧的小螺旋彈簧，這些彈簧使得從動(dòng)盤中部相對(duì)從動(dòng)盤轂?zāi)苡休p微轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，動(dòng)盤中部相對(duì)從動(dòng)盤轂?zāi)苡休p微

19、轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，從而吸收曲軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)。壓緊彈簧完從而吸收曲軸的扭轉(zhuǎn)振動(dòng)。壓緊彈簧完全壓縮時(shí)，離合器向后移動(dòng)直到彈簧開全壓縮時(shí)，離合器向后移動(dòng)直到彈簧開始伸張為止。也就是說，離合器吸收發(fā)始伸張為止。也就是說，離合器吸收發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的振動(dòng)，防止振動(dòng)傳遞給傳動(dòng)系。動(dòng)機(jī)的振動(dòng)，防止振動(dòng)傳遞給傳動(dòng)系。CHAPTER 3 power trainClutch Disc with torsional springNot WorkingWorkingCHAPTER 3 power train5） operating members : These are the parts that release pressure fro

20、m the clutch disc. The operating members consist of the clutch pedal, clutch return spring, clutch linkage, clutch fork, and throwout bearing. The clutch linkage includes the clutch pedal and a mechanical or hydraulic system to move the other operating members. 操縱機(jī)構(gòu)釋放離合器盤的壓力。操縱機(jī)構(gòu)由離合器操縱機(jī)構(gòu)釋放離合器盤的壓力。操縱

21、機(jī)構(gòu)由離合器踏板、回位彈簧、離合器桿系、分離叉和分離軸承踏板、回位彈簧、離合器桿系、分離叉和分離軸承等組成。離合器桿系包括離合器踏板以及用來操縱等組成。離合器桿系包括離合器踏板以及用來操縱其它部件的機(jī)械式或液壓式操縱系統(tǒng)。其它部件的機(jī)械式或液壓式操縱系統(tǒng)。CHAPTER 3 power trainCHAPTER 3 power train6）operating members : When the clutch pedal is depressed, the clutch linkage operates the clutch fork. The clutch fork, or release

22、 fork, moves the throwout bearing against the pressure plate release levers. These levers then compress springs that normally hold the clutch disc tightly against the flywheel. 踩下離合器踏板，離合器桿系操縱分離叉踩下離合器踏板，離合器桿系操縱分離叉。分離叉帶動(dòng)分離軸承壓向壓盤上的分離。分離叉帶動(dòng)分離軸承壓向壓盤上的分離杠桿，分離杠桿壓縮壓緊彈簧。通常情況杠桿，分離杠桿壓縮壓緊彈簧。通常情況下，壓緊彈簧使從動(dòng)盤和飛輪緊密

23、接合。下，壓緊彈簧使從動(dòng)盤和飛輪緊密接合。CHAPTER 3 power trainCHAPTER 3 power train7）operating members : When the clutch pedal is released, the pressure plate forces the clutch disc against the flywheel. The clutch return spring helps raise the pedal. 釋放離合器踏板，壓盤釋放離合器踏板，壓盤使從動(dòng)盤同飛輪接合，使從動(dòng)盤同飛輪接合，回位彈簧使離合器踏板回位彈簧使離合器踏板抬起。抬起。CH

24、APTER 3 power trainMechanical Clutch Operating SystemCHAPTER 3 power trainCHAPTER 3 power trainHydraulic Clutch Operating System踏踏 板板儲(chǔ)儲(chǔ) 液液 室室主主 缸缸工工 作作 缸缸分離軸承分離軸承分離杠桿分離杠桿分離叉分離叉推推 桿桿推推 桿桿CHAPTER 3 power trainCHAPTER 3 power trainnDrive linefriction face- clutch disc-trosional vibration balancer- spli

25、ned hub( clutch disc)-input shaft of transmissionn(1、engage) Flywheel-（2）disengage-engage:Flywheel- clutch cover-drive piece -pressure plate + pressure- friction face-clutch disc-trosional vibration balancer-splined hub( clutch disc)-input shaft of transmissionCHAPTER 3 power trainCHAPTER 3 power trainOperating System line:Pedal-Cluth linkage- clutch fork-throwbearing- release lever-Pressure plate (springs)CHAPTER 3 power train8)The hydrodynamic coupling:Most automatic transmissions use a hydrodynamic coupling to join the engine crankshaft to the transmission input shaft. Hydrod