高二英語-虛擬語氣的用法

1、subjunctive moodGrammar1.英語動詞有三種語氣， 陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。2. 定義：用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。一、虛擬語氣定義Q:Whats the difference between the two sentences?If I am free, I will visit you. If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虛擬條件句） (真實條件句）What would you do if you won the lottery?If

2、 I won the lottery, I wouldIf I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (與現(xiàn)在事實相反）If I won the lottery, I would buy a villa.（與現(xiàn)在事實相反）If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school.（與過去事實相反）如果他早起，他就不會上學(xué)遲到。If he _ （drive) more carefully, he _ (not have) the car accident yesterday

3、.（與過去事實相反）had driven would not have had If I _ (learn ) how to swim,I _ (be) trapped in this island.（與過去事實相反）had learntwould not have been假如他來了, 我們對他說什么呢？If he were to come, what should we say to him.假如他看見我, 就會認(rèn)識我。If he should see me, he would know me.一、一般條件句中的虛擬語氣一、一般條件句中的虛擬語氣If I were you, I _ buy

4、 the house right now. A. wont B. dont C. wouldnt D. cant2. _more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he _me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able

5、 C. were not able D. are not able BCA二. 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。賓語從句。常見動詞：一個堅持：insist兩個命令：order, command 三條建議：advise, suggest, propose四項要求：demand , require, request, ask 這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞 使用should + 動詞原形，或者將should省略。1.我們建議Tom去休息一下。2.他堅決要求我到場。3.國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑。4.他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ鳌?.We sug

6、gested that Tom2.He insisted that I present.4.They requested that we3.The king ordered that the prisoners should have a rest.(should) beShould be killedthe next day.should send themto work there. 2、以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣。 order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand,

7、request, desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory should be closed down.三、幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法；1）wish + 賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時 (did/were)過去完成時 (had done)would/could/might+V. shouldI wish I were

8、 a bird. (現(xiàn)在)I wish I hadnt made such a mistake. (過去)We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. (未來)I wish I _a bird.wereI wish every day _my birthday.wereI wish/wished I _( not eat ) so much watermelon.hadnt eaten2）would rather that -現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：I would rather you _(pay) me now. (現(xiàn)在)I would rather you _ (

9、go) there yesterday. (過去)Dont come. I would rather you _(come) tomorrow. (未來)過去時過去時過去完成時paid me had gonecame3） as if /though + 從句現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時They talked as if they had been friends for years.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.4).Its （high） time +that -should

10、 +V.過去時你該走了。我們該睡覺了。Its high time that you .Its high time that you .Its time that we .Its time that we to bed. wentshould gowent to bedshould go5）If only (要是就好了) If only I knew his name!If only we had followed your advice!If only I could see him again!要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒錯過火車就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!6）Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important a pity+ that - 從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即(should)+動詞原形1.It