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1、動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)考點(diǎn)分析與突破一、高考鏈接年份考點(diǎn)2007現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時;過去完成時;一般將來時的被動語態(tài)2008一般將來時;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)2009現(xiàn)在完成時2010過去完成時;一般將來時2011一般過去時 2012一般將來時的被動語態(tài); 2013 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時;現(xiàn)在完成時;現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài)(2007) 1. I havent the slightest idea _(他正在說什么).(talk)我根本不知道他正在說什么2. Last night, John was answering the letters that _(寄給他的) during the past two weeks.(

2、arrive)昨晚,約翰正在回復(fù)在過去兩周寄給他的信件。3. Not only _(要幫助)the disabled to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for those who need it.(give)不僅要幫助殘疾人找到工作,還要對那些需要治療的提供醫(yī)療幫助。(2008) 4. With the rapid development of science and technology, I cant imagine _(我的家鄉(xiāng)會是什么樣子) in ten years.(what)隨著科技的發(fā)展,我無法想象

3、十年后我的家鄉(xiāng)會是什么樣子。5. At present, lots of food, water, tents and medicine _(正在運(yùn)往) from all over China and other parts of the world to the earthquake-stricken areas in Sichuan.(transport)目前,大量的食物、水、帳篷和藥品正從全中國和世界其它地區(qū)運(yùn)往四川地震災(zāi)區(qū)。(2009) 6. If times_(變了),have our ways of thinking changed too? (change) 如果時代變了,我們的

4、思維方式也會變化嗎?(2010) 7. Last nights TV news said that by then the death of the missing people _(未證實(shí))yet. (prove)昨晚的電視新聞?wù)f到那時失蹤人員的死亡還未證實(shí)。8. The news _(房價將要下跌)has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices.(fall)房價將要下跌的消息讓很多人以較低的價格售出了自己的房子。(2011) 9. Not until two days after the earthquake _(她發(fā)

5、現(xiàn))her mother alive.(find)直到震后兩天她才發(fā)現(xiàn)她媽媽還活著。(2012) 10. In response to the audiences great demand, the play _ in the theatre twice a week. (put) 應(yīng)觀眾的強(qiáng)烈要求,這部戲?qū)谶@個劇院每周上演兩次。(2013) 11. Knowing _ reduces the risks of failure and it works like an insurance policy for your own ability. (do)知道你正在干什么,能降低失敗的風(fēng)險,

6、這就像給自己的能力買了份保險。12. The chief engineer together with his colleagues _ new scientific methods of farming since five years ago. (look)五年以來,總工程師和他的同事們一起一直在尋找新的科學(xué)農(nóng)耕方法。13. It is reported in the newspaper that several new subway lines _ in Wuhan. (build)據(jù)報(bào)紙報(bào)道,武漢正在建設(shè)幾條新的地鐵線路。(2014)14. So far the well-known

7、journalist _ more than 4,000 interviews with famous people. (accumulate)迄今為止這位著名記者采訪名人已累積達(dá)四千余人次。15. The police will reward _ useful information to catch the robber. (provide)任何人提供有用信息幫助抓住劫匪,警方將予以獎勵。16. Hes the only student in the class _ to take part in the Model United Nations conference. (select)他

8、是班上唯一被選上去參加模擬聯(lián)合國大會的同學(xué)。17. It was several minutes _ what he was saying. (take)過了好幾分鐘,我才理解他說的是什么。(近年聯(lián)考題例)18. Our boss _ a raise in salary for ages,but nothing has happened yet.(promise) 我們老板一直許諾加薪好些年了,可到現(xiàn)在什么動靜也沒有19_,and you can see Mt.Baker hard against the Canadian border.(look)朝另一方向看,你可以看到緊靠著加拿大邊界的貝

9、克山。20“I dont want to get to the end of my life and find that _ just the length of it.I want to have lived the width of it as well.” (live)“我不想在生命終結(jié)的時候才發(fā)現(xiàn)我只活了生命的長度,我也想要一并活出生命的寬度?!?1By May 2008,the World Bank was estimating that 100 million people _ subsistence poverty due to food inflation in the fir

10、st quarter of that year.(push)世界銀行估計(jì)到2008年第一季度由于糧食價格的飛漲,有1億人口陷入勉強(qiáng)維持生存的貧困。1. (of) what hes talking about 2. had arrived for him 3. will help be given to 4. what my hometown will be/look like5. are being transported 6. have changed7. had not been proved.8. that the housing price will fall 9. did she f

11、ind 10. will/would be put on 11. what you are doing/ the thing(s) which / that you are doing12. has been looking for / has looked for 13. are being built 14. has accumulated15 whoever provides/has provided16. that has been selected 17 before I could take inbefore I took in18. has been promising (us)

12、19.Look in another direction 20 I have lived 21.had been pushed into二、考點(diǎn)梳理熱點(diǎn)清單1. 對動詞的進(jìn)行時態(tài)的考查 2. 考查一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時的區(qū)別3. 考查現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,過去完成時與過去完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別4. 對將來時延伸時態(tài)的考查5.考查動詞的被動語態(tài)對動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)的考查是高考題中的重點(diǎn),常見考查的時態(tài)有:一般現(xiàn)在時,一般過去時,現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時,過去進(jìn)行時,一般將來時,過去將來時,現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時。另外,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時、過去完成進(jìn)行時和將來完成時也常涉及到。一、對動詞的進(jìn)行時態(tài)的考查1、

13、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1表示說話時正在發(fā)生著的一個動作;表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時的一個動作;表近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃;go,come等表示起止動作的動詞可用進(jìn)行時代替將來時。 進(jìn)行時態(tài)與always,often等頻度副詞連用,表示某種感情色彩)2、過去進(jìn)行時1過去某一時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作或某動作在某一階段內(nèi)發(fā)生或頻繁發(fā)生。常常與at that time,at this time yesterday 等時間狀語連用。I was reading an interesting book at this time yesterday.昨天的這個時候我正在讀一本有趣的書。2某一動作發(fā)生時另一動作正在發(fā)生,其中一

14、個在由when或while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中。持續(xù)性動作用過去進(jìn)行時,短暫性動作用一般過去時。Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.當(dāng)沒人注意的時候,湯姆溜進(jìn)屋來。The reporter said that the UFO was traveling east to west when he saw it.那位記者說,當(dāng)他看到時,不明飛行物正在自東向西飛行。3、將來進(jìn)行時將來進(jìn)行時可用于表示將來某個時刻正在發(fā)生的動作或者將來某一段時間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動作。將來進(jìn)行時常與一些標(biāo)志性的時間狀語連用。這些常見的標(biāo)志性狀語有:at thi

15、s time tomorrow,at six tomorrow evening。即時鞏固閱讀下列各小題,根據(jù)漢語句子,用括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。1. (2012黃岡市9月調(diào)考) That meat is because it is rotten. (give) 那塊肉在散發(fā)出一股臭味,因?yàn)樗冑|(zhì)了。2. (2013荊州中學(xué)質(zhì)量檢查) I first met John at my sisters wedding. He _ some of the honored guests at the time. (chat)我第一次遇見John是在姐姐的婚禮上。當(dāng)時他在和一些尊貴的客人交談。3. Sin

16、ce she left home, I have been worried about her and _ at all.(sleep)自她離開家,我一直擔(dān)心她,因此睡眠一直不好。4. When you phoned yesterday, I _ with my daughter.(play)你昨天給我打電話時,我正在和女兒下棋。5. I _ a gathering party with my friends at this time tomorrow. (have) 明天這時我將與朋友一起正在聚會。6. When you phoned yesterday, I _ with my daugh

17、ter.(play)你昨天給我打電話時,我正在和女兒下棋。7. The chairmans speech _ on the radio when I turned it on. (broadcast) 當(dāng)我打開收音機(jī),正在播放主席的演講。8. We havent got the textbook for our chemistry course yet, and we _to get it for the last 5 weeks. (try) 我們還沒有拿到化學(xué)課的教材,在過去5周里我們一直在努力去拿。9. Please dont call me at 4 tomorrow afternoo

18、n. I _then.(have) 明天請下午4點(diǎn)不要給我打電話,我那時正在開會10. The National Development and Reform Commission _the trend of the food prices recently.(follow) 國家發(fā)改委最近一直跟蹤食品價格的趨勢。11.The other day, they _when they heard a loud noise from downstairs.(have) 前不久的一天,他們正在開派對時,突然聽到樓下傳來一聲巨大的噪音。12. Jim a late night film at home

19、when,right in the middle of a thrilling scene,the television went blank.(watch)吉姆正在家看一部午夜電影,看到中間一幕驚險的場景時,屏幕上突然出現(xiàn)一片空白。1. givi ng off a bad smell 2.was cheating with 3. havent been sleeping well 4. was playing chess5. will be having 6was playing chess 7. was being broadcast 8. have been trying 9. will

20、 be having a meeting10. has (always) been following 11. were having a party 12. was watching二、考查一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時的區(qū)別1、一般過去時的用法:1)表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)。2)敘述過去連續(xù)發(fā)生的事情。3)表示過去一段時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。2、現(xiàn)在完成時的用法:1)表示剛剛完成的動作,常與just連用。2)表示過去發(fā)生而持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài),甚至延續(xù)到將來。常與since, for連用,但for, since不能與終止性的動詞連用。3)表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。3、過去完成的

21、用法:1)表示在過去某一或動作之前已經(jīng)完成的動作。常與by, before等介詞短語或一個狀語從句或上下文暗示。2)表示由過去某一時間開始,一直延續(xù)到過去另一時間的動作,常和for(有時可省去)或since 構(gòu)成的短語或since引導(dǎo)的從句連用。4、現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別:1)現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系,它表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響。一般過去時通常表示在過去某一具體時間發(fā)生的動作,與現(xiàn)在沒什么聯(lián)系。2)現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的行為;一般過去時著重過去某一時刻的某一具體動作。5、過去完成時表示發(fā)生在“過去的過去”的動作,常用于以下幾種情況中:1) by,by the end

22、of,by the time,until,before,since后接表示過去某一時間的短語或從句,主句用過去完成時;2) 表示“一就”的幾個固定句型:Hardly/No sooner/Scarcely had主語過去分詞when/than/before從句(一般過去時)。Hardly had I got home when the rain poured down. 我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下。3) intend,mean,hope,want,plan,suppose,expect,think等動詞的過去完成時可用來表示一個本來打算做而實(shí)際上沒有做的事。這種用法也可表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的設(shè)想、意圖或

23、希望,含有某種惋惜。I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment. 我本想去幫你的,但當(dāng)時確實(shí)太忙了。即時鞏固閱讀下列各小題,根據(jù)漢語句子,用括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。1.(2013湖北七市) This is the most instructive film _ since I could remember. (see)這是我懂事以來看過的最有教育意義的電影了。2.(2013武漢市部分中學(xué)期末聯(lián)考) I to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just whe

24、n I was about to leave. (intend)我打算昨天拜訪你的,但是我要走的時候有人來看我。3.(2013武漢市二月調(diào)考) It is the first time in Olympic history that five mascots _ . ( choose)這是奧挪匹克歷史上第一次選出了五個吉祥物。4.(2013武漢市部分中學(xué)12月聯(lián)考) The boy, like many other English learners,_ _ in learning English during the past seven years. (meet) 和許多其他英語學(xué)習(xí)者一樣,

25、在過去7年中,那個男孩學(xué)習(xí)英語遇到了很多困難。5.(2013襄陽市上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考) You could have entered a better college, but you much precious time in the past three years. (waste) 你完全可以上個好大學(xué)的,但三年來你浪費(fèi)了很多寶貴時間。6.(2013襄陽市第二次聯(lián)考) It is the second time in her life that she _such a difficult time. (go) 這是她一生中第二次經(jīng)歷這樣的困難時期。7.(2013襄陽市3月聯(lián)考) So far

26、 no conclusion of who is the Champion of the Host Talent Competition in our school _ (arrive)到目前為止誰是我校主持人風(fēng)采大賽的冠軍還沒有定論。8. _ call on you yesterday,but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave. (intend我昨天本來要去看你的,但是剛要出門就有人來訪。9. Hardly _ when the car got a flat tyre.我們才剛剛動身,汽車的輪胎就漏氣了。10Impor

27、tunately he didnt win this year. It was the second time that but gone home empty handed.(nominate) 可惜他今年沒得獎。這是他第二次被提名但是空手而回了。 11.2013湖北部分中學(xué)聯(lián)考I was very nervous because it was the first time that I an opening banquet. (invite)我很緊張是因?yàn)槟鞘俏业谝淮问苎麉⒓娱_幕盛宴。12. The boy, like many other English learners,_ _ in

28、learning English during the past seven years. (meet) 和許多其他英語學(xué)習(xí)者一樣,在過去7年中,那個男孩學(xué)習(xí)英語遇到了很多困難。13. 2013武漢市部分中學(xué)期末聯(lián)考 I to call on you yesterday, but someone came to see me just when I was about to leave. (intend)我打算昨天拜訪你的,但是我要走的時候有人來看我。14. 2013襄陽市上學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考You could have entered a better college, but you much

29、precious time in the past three years. (waste) 你完全可以上個好大學(xué)的,但三年來你浪費(fèi)了很多寶貴時間。15.2013襄陽市第一次聯(lián)考Obama won his reelection on November7,2012,which was the second time that he as president of the United Statesw奧巴馬在2012年l1月7日贏得了總統(tǒng)連任,這是他第二次當(dāng)選為美國總統(tǒng)。16. 2013襄陽市3月聯(lián)考So far no conclusion of who is the Champion of th

30、e Host Talent Competition in our school _ (arrive)到目前為止誰是我校主持人風(fēng)采大賽的冠軍還沒有定論。1. (that) I have ever seen 1. had intended 3. had been chosen 4. has met with many difficulties 5. have wasted 6. has gone through 7. has been arrived at 8. had intended to 9. had we started 10.he had been nominated 11. had b

31、een invited to (attend) 12. has met with many difficulties 13. had intended 14. have wasted 15. had been elected 16. has been arrived at三、考查現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時,過去完成時與過去完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別1、現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時的區(qū)別:現(xiàn)在完成時行時態(tài)(have / has been doing)表示現(xiàn)在以前這一段時間一直進(jìn)行的一個動作,這個動作可能仍然在進(jìn)行,也可以停止一會兒,也可以表示現(xiàn)在以前這段時期反復(fù)發(fā)生的事情。在表示“未完成”且與“一段時間”連

32、用時,兩者可互換。過去完成進(jìn)行時動詞主要表示一直持續(xù)到過去某一時刻的動作。該動作可能剛結(jié)束,也可能還在進(jìn)行。和過去完成時一樣,過去完成進(jìn)行時也必須以一過去時間為前提,但有時上下文清楚時,過去時間也可省去。2、現(xiàn)在完成時及過去完成時的用法注意點(diǎn):1. 瞬間性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的正確使用:與how long, for, since等表示一段時間的狀語連用時須用延續(xù)性動詞,如:buy-have, keep-borrow, die-be dead, marry-be married, begin-be on, begin to know-know等;2. 現(xiàn)在完成時用在時間、條件等狀語從句中,表示從句中

33、的動作在主句動作前完成,如:If it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.3. by+過去時間狀語用過去完成時;4. 有些動詞的過去完成時表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的意圖、打算或希望,這類動詞為:think, plan, mean, intend, hope, expect, suppose等;I had intended to visit you yesterday, but the rain prevented me.即時鞏固閱讀下列各小題,根據(jù)漢語句子,用括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。1. (2013湖北八市) She ha

34、s succeeded. She is pleased that her devotion to studying _ .(pay) 她成功了.她非常高興她在學(xué)習(xí)上的付出終于得到了回報(bào).2. (2013湖北黃岡3月) They _ for almost one week before I joined them, and now we are still working on it as no good results have, come out so far. (carry) 在我加入前,他們一直執(zhí)行這個計(jì)劃有一個學(xué)期了。我們現(xiàn)在仍然在繼續(xù)進(jìn)行,因?yàn)榈侥?前為止還沒有好的結(jié)果產(chǎn)生。3.(2

35、013湖北孝感9月) Shall we take a break in the shade of the tree? We _ in the sun for nearly two hours! (work) 可以在樹陰下休息一下嗎?我們已經(jīng)在太陽下工作兩個小時了。4. (2013武漢武昌區(qū)期末聯(lián)考) Now that she is out of work, Lucy _ to school, but she hasnt decided yet. (consider) 因?yàn)長ucy失業(yè)了,她一直在考慮重回學(xué)校,但還沒最后決定。5. (2013荊州市龍泉中學(xué)10月統(tǒng)考) I graduated f

36、rom university twenty years ago and _ ever since. (teach) 我二十年前大學(xué)畢業(yè),從此以后我一直在教書。6.(2013荊州市龍泉中學(xué)10月統(tǒng)考) That was the last time he _ the Olympic Games. (part) 那是他最后一次參加奧運(yùn)會。7.Over the past sixty years, about 100 Chinese people _ Mount Qomolangma successfully. (climb)在過去的60年里,大約有100名中國人成功地登上了珠穆朗瑪峰。8The new

37、est modern technology _ ,which indicates the factories will produce more advanced cars very soon.(adopt)最新的現(xiàn)代技術(shù)已采用,這表示工廠將生產(chǎn)出更多先進(jìn)的車。9. We havent got the textbook for our chemistry course yet, and we _(嘗試)to get it for the last 5 weeks. (try) 10. 2013武漢武昌區(qū)期末聯(lián)考 Now that she is out of work, Lucy to scho

38、ol, but she hasnt decided yet (consider)因?yàn)長ucy失業(yè)了,她一直在考慮重回學(xué)校,但還沒最后決定。11. 2013荊州市龍泉中學(xué)10月統(tǒng)考I graduated from university twenty years ago and _ ever since. (teach)我二十年前大學(xué)畢業(yè),從此以后我一直在教書。12. 2013荊州市質(zhì)量檢查32. He complained that it was the third time the changes of the meeting. (inform) 他埋怨說這是他第三次被告知會議變更了13. 2

39、013荊門市元月調(diào)考33. It was the third time that he_ the delay of the meeting.(inform) 那是他第三次得知會議延期.1. has paid off 2. had been carrying out the plan 3. have been working 4. has been considering going back5. have been teaching 6. had taken part in 7.have climbed 8.has(already)been adopted 9.have been trying

40、 10. has been considering going back 11. .have been teaching 12. 32. that he had been informed of13 had been informed of四、對將來時延伸時態(tài)的考查1. shall用于第一人稱,常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱,在征求意見時常用于第二人稱;be going to +不定式,表示主語的意圖,即將做某事或打算做某事或計(jì)劃,安排要發(fā)生的事,也可表示有跡象要發(fā)生的事。2. be +不定式表將來,按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。We are to discuss the

41、report next Saturday.3. be about to +不定式,意為馬上做某事。He is about to leave for Beijing.注意:be about to 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時的時間狀語連用。4. 一般現(xiàn)在時表將來: 1)下列動詞:come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。這主要用來表示在時間上已確定或安排好的事情;2)倒裝句,表示動作正在進(jìn)行;3)在時間或條件狀語從句中。5. 將來進(jìn)行時的用法: 1)表示在將來某一時刻或某段時間正在進(jìn)行的動作。2

42、)表示將來被客觀情況所決定的動作或者按照安排將要發(fā)生的動作。What will you be doing at eight tomorrow morning? 明天上午八點(diǎn)鐘你將做什么?Well be having tea after dinner as usual. 像通常一樣,我們晚飯后將要喝茶。6. 將來完成時將來完成時用來表示在將來某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作或一直持續(xù)的動作。經(jīng)常與“before+將來時間”或“by+將來時間”連用,也可與before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時的從句連用。By the end of this week, I shall have finishe

43、d the book. 到本周末,我將讀完這本書。By this time tomorrow they will have repaired the machine. 明天這時候,他們將修好這臺機(jī)器。即時鞏固閱讀下列各小題,根據(jù)漢語句子,用括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。1. (2013武漢市部分中學(xué)11月聯(lián)考) By the time she comes here tomorrow, we _. (leave)她明天來到這里的時候,我們已經(jīng)離開了。2. (2013武漢市部分中學(xué)起點(diǎn)聯(lián)考) If you can win the game today, to go on a holiday next

44、month. (allow) 如果今天你贏了這場比賽,下個月就允許你去度假。3.(2013襄陽五中三月統(tǒng)考) I am afraid you had better not call me at 3 oclock on the afternoon of tomorrow. I then. (have)你最好不要在明天下午3點(diǎn)鐘給我打電話。那時我在開會。4.(2013荊州市質(zhì)量檢查) By the time her father retires ,probably she _the company. (take)到他父親退休時,很可能她已經(jīng)接管了公司。5. The children by the

45、time we get home. (go) 到我們回家時,孩子們將已睡了。6. 2013湖北部分中學(xué)聯(lián)考 12. I suppose by the time I come back in two years time the new school (set)我想兩年以后我回來時這所新學(xué)校就會建起來。7. 2013武漢市部分中學(xué)11月聯(lián)考21. By the time she comes here tomorrow, we _. (leave) 她明天來到這里的時候,我們已經(jīng)離開了。8. 2013襄陽五中三月統(tǒng)考I am afraid you had better not call me at

46、 3 oclock on the afternoon of tomorrow. I _then. (have) 你最好不要在明天下午3點(diǎn)鐘給我打電話。那時我在開會。9. 2013荊州市質(zhì)量檢查 34.By the time her father retires ,probably she _the company. (take)到他父親退休時,很可能她已經(jīng)接管了公司。10.Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure.I a report at home.(write)我明天上午能使用你的車嗎?當(dāng)然可以。(那時)我將在家寫報(bào)告。1. will have

47、left 2. you will be allowed 3. will be having a meeting 4. will have taken over 5. will have gone to sleep 6. will have been set up 7. will have left 8. will be having a meeting 9. will have taken over 10. will be writing五、考查動詞的被動語態(tài) 1. 被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成: be + 動詞的過去分詞。其中助動詞be有時態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化,被動語態(tài)可用于各種時態(tài)中:一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)

48、:主語+ am/is/are +過去分詞一般過去時的被動語態(tài):主語+was/were +過去分詞一般將來時的被動語態(tài):主語+ will/shall + be +過去分詞過去將來時的被動語態(tài):主語+would +be +過去分詞現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài):主語+ have/has +been +過去分詞過去完成時的被動語態(tài):主語+had +been +過去分詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài):主語 + am/is/are +being +過去分詞過去進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài):主語+ was/were +being +過去分詞將來完成時的被動語態(tài):主語 + will/shall +have +been +過去分詞被動語態(tài)的

49、使用場合: 1) 當(dāng)我們不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或沒有必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者;2) 當(dāng)更有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者時;3)由于某種理由(如為了禮貌、婉轉(zhuǎn)或便于組合句法關(guān)系)而需要使用被動語態(tài)。2. 被動語態(tài)和系表結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別: 被動語態(tài)表示的是動作,句子中的主語是動作的對象,句中可以用介詞 “by”所引導(dǎo)的短語。而系表結(jié)構(gòu)則表示主語的特點(diǎn)或所處的狀態(tài),一般沒有介詞“by”所引導(dǎo)的短語。The book was written by a young writer.這本書是一位青年作者寫的(被動語態(tài))。The book is well written. 這本書寫得很好(系表結(jié)構(gòu))。3. 表達(dá)被動意義的主動結(jié)構(gòu):

50、 1)動詞sell, write, read, open, lock, shut, wear, wash, keep, cook, cut, burn, run等與well, smoothly, easily等連用時,說明主語內(nèi)在的“性能”“特點(diǎn)”,用主動代替被動;2)表示狀態(tài)特征的連系動詞如smell, taste, feel, sound, look, prove等用主動語態(tài)表示被動意義;3)不及物動詞及一些固定短語不能用被動語態(tài):come up, run out(用完), give out(耗盡), go out(熄滅), come out(出版), come to light, bel

51、ong to, break out, lose heart, die out, own, have, possess, happen, occur等;4)當(dāng)want, require, need作“需要”解,后接doing/ to be done作賓語,此時動詞do與主語為動賓關(guān)系;5)be worth后接doing作賓語,用主動形式表示被動意義;6)不定式to let(出租), to blame(該受責(zé)備)表示被動意義;即時鞏固閱讀下列各小題,根據(jù)漢語句子,用括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。1.(2013黃岡期末)After school we went to the reading-room t

52、o do some reading, only to be told that it _. (decorate) 放學(xué)后,我們?nèi)ラ営[室看書,結(jié)果被告知閱覽室正在被裝飾。2.(2013黃岡孝感期末) Up to now, a large number of old houses in this area _ _ so that the government can build a wide road. (pull) 到目前為止,政府為了修建寬敞的道路,已經(jīng)拆除了這個地區(qū)大量的舊房屋。3.(2013黃岡市4月調(diào)考) What a pity ! I could have attended the l

53、ecture, but I _ .(catch) 真遺憾,我本可以聽到這場報(bào)告,但我遇到了交通堵塞。4.(2013湖北八校) Importunately he didnt win this year. It was the second time that _ but gone home empty handed.(nominate)可惜他今年沒得獎。這是他第二次被提名但是空手而回了。5.(2013湖北部分中學(xué)聯(lián)考) I suppose by the time I come back in two years time the new school _ (set) 我想兩年以后我回來時這所新學(xué)校就會建起來。6.(2013湖北部分中學(xué)聯(lián)考) I was very nervous because it was the first time

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