1v1化講義34分口語(yǔ)14課時(shí)spk5

1、 Lesson 3 Film and entertainment重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容The Lion King soundtrack was partly written by Elton John.Star Wars was released in 1977.In The Bank Robber, $2bn dollars are stolen from a bank.Filmmaking is said to be a lucrative industry.Simple passive deceive v. 欺騙 injured a. 受傷的 prescription n. 處方 partly ad.

2、 部分地 soundtrack n. 電影配音 release v. 發(fā)行 steal, stole, stolen v. 偷 filmmaking n. 電影攝制 lucrative a. 有利可圖 distort v. 扭曲 monitor v. 監(jiān)控 detrimental a. 有害的 dictate n. 命令 competitive a. 競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的 influential a. 有影響力的 contractually n. 合同性地 restrict v. 限制 plot n. 情節(jié) district n. 區(qū)域 basically ad. 基本上 force v. 強(qiáng)迫 horri

3、fying a. 令人驚駭?shù)?character n. 角色 mend v. 推薦Forming the passive (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成)：1. 及物動(dòng)詞：be + p.p.句型結(jié)構(gòu)：be+及物動(dòng)詞（或短語(yǔ)）的過(guò)去分詞英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中僅有及動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)形式。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)可以使用于各種時(shí)態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：My mother is not easily deceived. (我媽媽不是容意上當(dāng)受騙的。)一般過(guò)去時(shí)：A new house was built in this town. (有一棟新房子蓋在在這個(gè)城市里。)一般將來(lái)時(shí)：She will be successed to win this case.

4、（這個(gè)案子她將會(huì)勝訴。)一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：Somebody said that this museum would be built in 5 months. (有人說(shuō)這棟博物館五個(gè)月內(nèi)可以蓋完,)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：All the injured visitors were being taken care of by the nurses. (所有受傷的游客都有護(hù)士在照顧著。)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：This subject is being discussed by all the department directors in company now.(所有的公司部門主管部在討論這個(gè)話題。)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：Th

5、e laundry has been done. (衣服己經(jīng)部洗好了。)Forming the passive (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成)：2. 助動(dòng)詞 當(dāng)句中動(dòng)詞為助動(dòng)詞形態(tài)時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞 + be + p.p.All the players could be found in the gym. (所有的選手都可以在體育館中被找到。)Forming the passive (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成)：3. 雙賓語(yǔ)：間接賓語(yǔ)變主語(yǔ)，直接主語(yǔ)變保留賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果存在兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，而需將句中的動(dòng)詞改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，通常是將間接賓語(yǔ)往前拉作主語(yǔ)，直接賓語(yǔ)變成了保留賓語(yǔ)。如果主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的直接賓

6、語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，這時(shí)在間接賓語(yǔ)前需要加介詞to（可省去）或for（不可省）。Forming the passive (被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成)：3. 雙賓語(yǔ)：間接賓語(yǔ)變主語(yǔ)，直接主語(yǔ)變保留賓語(yǔ)The doctor gave me a prescription. 直接賓語(yǔ)：prescription, 間接賓語(yǔ): me=I was given a prescription by the doctor.=A prescription was given to me by the doctor.(醫(yī)生幫我開了一張?zhí)幏焦{。）Mickey brought me a gift. 直接賓語(yǔ)：gift, 間接賓

7、語(yǔ): me=I was brought a gift by Mickey.=A gift was brought for me by Mickey. (米奇帶了一份禮物給我)The passive 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法：Academic Language often uses the passive voice. The passive is used for the following reasons: To focus on who/what receives the action 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)In the passive sentence the important focus is

8、 on The Lion King. Here, the text around this sentence is more likely to be about The Lion King. In the first sentence, the text is more Likely about Elton John.ACTIVE SENTENCEElton John partly wrote The Lion Kina soundtrack.PASSIVE SENTENCEThe Lion King soundtrack was partly written by Elton John.T

9、he passive 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法：Academic Language often uses the passive voice. The passive is used for the following reasons: 2. When who/what does the action is unimportant or irrelevant 動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者沒有必要提出時(shí)Who released the film is unimportant and irrelevant to the message. ACTIVE SENTENCEThe film company released S

10、tar Wars in 1977.PASSIVE SENTENCEStar Wars was released in 1977.The passive 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法：Academic Language often uses the passive voice. The passive is used for the following reasons：3. To avoid saying who is doing the action 希望省略執(zhí)行者時(shí)Here, if the active subject is used Harry Flint, we will reveal the p

11、lot of the film.ACTIVE SENTENCEIn The Bank Robber, Harry Flint stole $2bn dollars from a bank.PASSIVE SENTENCEThe Bank Robber, $2bn dollars are stolen from a bank.The passive 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本用法：Academic Language often uses the passive voice. The passive is used for the following reasons: 4. When we dont want

12、 to say it is our opinion, which is a common technique in academic writing, we often use the passive. Additionally, to avoid using they or people the passive can be used with reporting verbs. 學(xué)術(shù)寫作中避免表述是個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)和用于引用動(dòng)詞時(shí)Note: It is said that filmmaking is a lucrative industry, is also possible.ACTIVE SENT

13、ENCEPeople say that filmmaking is a lucrative industry.PASSIVE SENTENCEFilmmaking is said to be a lucrative industry.Passive constructions 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Present simpleam/is/are + past participlePresent continuousam/is/are + being + past participlePast simplewas/were + past participlePast continuouswas/were +

14、being + past participlePresent perfecthave/has + been + past participlePresent perfect continuous (unusual)have/has + been + being + past participlePast perfecthad + been + past participlePast perfect continuous (unusual)had + been + being + past participleUsed toused to + be + past participleWouldw

15、ould + be + past participleWillwill + be + past participleGoing tois/are + going to + be + past participleModal constructions - present/futuree.g. should + be + past participleModal constructions - paste.g. should have + been + past participleSemi-modal constructionse.g. had to + be + past participl

16、eOther Passive Constructions (avoiding using the subject)A common way to use most reporting verbs in the passive is：to be + past participle of the reporting verb + to + past participleActive： People say that films distort real life.Passive： Films are said to distort real life.Active： They advise par

17、ents to monitor the programmes their children watch.Passive： Parents are advised to monitor the programmes their children watch.Some verbs (e.g. say, know, believe, understand, find) can also be used in the following structure：It is/was/has been + past participle of the reporting verb + that + claus

18、eActive： People say that films distort real life.Passive： It is said that films distort real life.Active： Researchers have found that too many hours watching television can be detrimental. Passive： It has been found that too many hours watching television can be detrimental.Practice 1: Change the fo

19、llowing active sentences into passive sentences. Leave out the active subject if possible.1. To a certain extent, the entertainment industry is dictating popular culture.2. People should avoid the new Broadway play Star Memories.3. In the USA, people have voted cinema-going as the most popular weeke

20、nd hobby. 4. People know that the entertainment industry is very competitive.Practice 1: Change the following active sentences into passive sentences. Leave out the active subject if possible.5. People regard Hollywood as the most influential town for filmmaking.6. At the beginning of the 20th centu

21、ry, large film companies contractually restricted famous actors and actresses.7. In relation to the plot of the book, someone had changed the ending of the film.8. Someone told us to sit in seats 4a and 4b.Practice 1: Change the following active sentences into passive sentences. Leave out the active

22、 subject if possible.To a certain extent, the entertainment industry is dictating popular culture.To a certain extent, popular culture is being dictated by the entertainment industry.2. People should avoid the new Broadway play Star Memories.The new Broadway play, Star Memories, should be avoided.3.

23、 In the USA, people have voted cinema-going as the most popular weekend hobby. In the USA, cinema-going has been voted as the most popular weekend hobby.People know that the entertainment industry is very competitive.The entertainment industry is known to be very competitive. OR It is known that the

24、 entertainment industry is very competitive.Practice 1: Change the following active sentences into passive sentences. Leave out the active subject if possible.5. People regard Hollywood as the most influential town for filmmaking.Hollywood is regarded as the most influential town for filmmaking.6. A

25、t the beginning of the 20th century, large film companies contractually restricted famous actors and actresses.At the beginning of the 20th Century, famous actors and actresses were contractually restricted (by large film companies).7. In relation to the plot of the book, someone had changed the end

26、ing of the film.In relation to the plot of the book, the ending of the film had been changed.8. Someone told us to sit in seats 4a and 4b.We were told to sit in seats 4a and 4b.Practice 2: In this Speaking Part 2 long turn answer, the student is speaking about her favourite book. She has made some m

27、istakes in her grammar. Read the script and correct the mistakes. Then listen the record and check your answers.My favourite book is called the Hunger Games. It was wrote by Suzanne Collins I think and it is a really good book. The story is set in North America, but at a time when things are very ba

28、d. Its a story of a terrible society, which separated into districts. A boy and girl from each district send to take part in the Hunger Games. These games are televised for everyone to see. The games are basically a fight to the death for the children taking part. The story follows a girl called Kat

29、niss, who forced to take part in the games when she offers herself up instead of her sister. Practice 2: In this Speaking Part 2 long turn answer, the student is speaking about her favourite book. She has made some mistakes in her grammar. Read the script and correct the mistakes. Then listen the re

30、cord and check your answers. I like the story so much because it is very exciting. At first, I found it really horrifying, but the more I read it, the more I couldnt put the book down. I really came to like the main character too. She is so strong. I was mend this book by some friends and it didnt d

31、isappoint me.Practice 2: My favourite book is called the Hunger Games. It was wrote written by Suzanne Collins I think and it is a really good book. The story is set in North America, but at a time when things are very bad. Its a story of a terrible society, which separated into districts. A boy and

32、 girl from each district send are sent to take part in the Hunger Games. These games are televised for everyone to see. The games are basically a fight to the death for the children taking part. The story follows a girl called Katniss, who forced to take part in the games when she offers herself up

33、instead of her sister. I like the story so much because it is very exciting. At first, I found it really horrifying, but the more I read it, the more I couldnt put the book down. I really came to like the main character too. She is so strong. I was mended this book by some friends and it didnt disappoint me. is isPractice 3: B