大型軟件測試系統(tǒng)Nucleus PLUS 培訓資料ppt課件

1、Nucleus PLUS 培訓內容引見ATI公司產品實時操作系統(tǒng)根本概念Nucleus PLUS及APIImplementationATI 產品Nucleus EDEKernelsNetworkingSupporting ProductsPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsC+PLUSJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILEATI實時內核ATI網絡部件ATI支持部件調試工具原型設計工具ATI產品 Nucleus EDENetworkingSupporting ProductsPrototyping -

2、 Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILEKernelsC+PLUSNucleus PLUSNucleus C+實時內核 ATI產品 網絡部件 ATI產品 Nucleus EDESupporting ProductsPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsCLIBGRAFIXFILEKernelsC+PLUSNetworkingJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServJViNucleus

3、EDEPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentDebugging ToolsKernelsC+PLUSNetworkingJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServGRAFIXFILECLIBSupporting ProductsCLIBGRAFIXFILE支持部件 ATI產品 Nucleus EDEPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentKernelsNetworkingSupporting ProductsDebugging ToolsC+PLUSJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILEDBUG+UD

4、BDebugger Integration調試工具 ATI產品 Nucleus EDEPrototyping - Cross DevelopmentKernelsNetworkingSupporting ProductsDebugging ToolsC+PLUSJViNETSNMPRMONSPANWebServCLIBGRAFIXFILE原型設計工具 ATI產品 PTHREADSVNETNucleus EDEMNTPC+實時操作系統(tǒng)根本概念A single task/* Main control of program */main() . do_something(); ./* A funct

5、ion to do something */void do_something() .一切運用在一個義務中實現單一執(zhí)行指針單一存儲空間單義務系統(tǒng) 義務與義務調度 多個義務競爭運用CPU多個執(zhí)行指針多個存儲空間Task 3/* Main control of program */main() do_something();/* A function to do something */void do_something()/* Main control of program */main() do_something();/* A function to do something */void

6、do_something()/* Main control of program */main() do_something();/* A function to do something */void do_something()Task 2Task 1多義務系統(tǒng) 義務與義務調度 實時操作系統(tǒng)擔任義務調度：基于優(yōu)先級搶先調度時間片輪詢調度FIFO調度Task 1Task 2Task 3Task 4義務調度 義務與義務調度 .highest priority (0)lowest priority(255).Task List (255)Task List (0)Task-10Task-20Ta

7、sk-30Task-1255Task-2255Task-3255義務調度義務與義務調度 Ready - 預備執(zhí)行Running - 正在執(zhí)行Suspended - 等待某條件發(fā)生Finished - 義務執(zhí)行完成義務形狀義務與義務調度 ReadySuspendedRunningFinished優(yōu)先級當前義務形狀堆棧指針.義務控制塊TCBPriorityStateStack *義務屬性義務與義務調度 CPU形狀 - CPU的當前形狀包含在CPU存放器中：通用存放器程序指針形狀存放器.文本切換義務與義務形狀 CPURegister 1Register 2Register 3stackRegiste

8、r 1Register 2Register 3Register 4Register 5Register 6Register 4Register 5Register 6Register 1Register 2Register 3Register 4Register 5Register 6Register 1Register 2Register 3Register 4Register 5Register 6文本切換義務與義務調度 義務間通訊義務間通訊在兩個或多個義務間傳送數信箱Mailboxes隊列Queues管道Pipes信息長度固定開銷小一次傳送一個信息Task YTask X1 Messag

9、e信箱義務間通訊 包容多個信息信息長度可固定或變長用于在義務間傳送大容量信息Task YTask X隊列與管道義務間通訊 義務間同步義務間同步協調同步義務間控制信號量Semaphores事件Events信號SignalsTask 3Task 2Task 1Device 1Device 2Task 3必需等待資源釋放。.信號量用于對沖突性資源進展存取控制信號量義務間同步 40 hours$10/hour20%*T3*T2111print11000事件義務間同步 00000000000000000000000000000000111屬于某一特定義務異步方式任務信號義務間同步 Task 2Task

10、PTask 1EPEPsignal_handler 多個義務同時對同一存儲區(qū)訪問將導致數據被破壞?？量绦再Y源/可重入性 Task-1Task-2Variable X,Ymemoryenabledisable隊列管理苛刻性資源/可重入性分區(qū)內存管理內存分配是預定的，且分區(qū)長度固定。動態(tài)內存管理內存分配大小可變內存管理T1T3T2分區(qū)內存管理內存管理heap100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes200bytes100bytes50byteshea

11、p動態(tài)內存管理內存管理T1T2T3200bytes50bytes100bytes200bytes50bytes100bytes中斷可使得CPU對外部事件異步呼應；中斷處置必需在短時間內快速呼應；.采用維護機制以維護數據不被破壞：制止中斷其他措施(LISR/HISR)Device 1IXAn external device completes a task, which causes interrupt X to be errupt_service_routine() handle_the_interrupt()The Interrupt Service Routine is

12、 then initiated.ISRX中斷處置DeviceDeviceDriverInterfaceIO_Input()IO_OutputI/O Task提供通用編程接口I/O 驅動定時器系統(tǒng)時鐘定時器與系統(tǒng)時鐘expiration_routine() do_something_now()Expiration routine is executed when timer expires.Nucleus PLUS OverviewNucleus PLUS ServicesTask ControlTask CommunicationTask SynchronizationTimerMemoryI

13、nterruptI/O DriverDevelopmentCreate/Delete TaskSuspend/Resume TaskTerminate taskChange task time sliceChange preemptionRelinquishReset TaskChange task priorityTask sleepCheck StackRetrieve list of current tasksInformation.Task List (255)Task List (0)Task-1255Task-2255Task-3255Task-10Task-20Task-30Ta

14、sk ControlReady - waiting to execute (a running task is also ready)Sleep - waiting for time to expirePure Suspend - unconditionally suspendedComponent Suspend - waiting for a componentTerminated - task has been terminated either by itself or another taskFinished - task executed to completion (has re

15、turned from main task function)Task StatesTask Control Create/DeleteSend/ReceiveBroadcast ToReset InformationNumber of mailboxesRetrieve list of active mailboxesMailboxesTask Communication1 MessageTask YTask XOptimized for small messages.Each message consists of four 32-bit pieces.QueuesTask Communi

16、cationCreate/DeleteSend/ReceiveBroadcast ToResetSend To FrontInformationNumber of queuesRetrieve list of active queuesTask YTask XM1M2Fixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 32-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.PipesTask CommunicationCre

17、ate/DeleteSend/ReceiveBroadcast ToSend to FrontResetInformationNumber of pipesRetrieve list of active pipesM1M2M3M4Task YTask XFixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 8-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.Task Communication100bytes100bytes

18、100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytesT1T2100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytescommunication “queueTask Communication (Optimization)100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytesT1T3100bytes100bytescommunication “queueCreate/DeleteObtain/ReleaseResetInformationNumber of semaphoresRetrieve list of semaphoresS

19、emaphoresTask SynchronizationTask 3Task 2Task 1Device 1Device 2Event GroupsTask SynchronizationCreate/DeleteSet/RetrieveInformationNumber of event groupsRetrieve list of event groups*T3*T2111print11000Many tasks can be utilizing an event group.Multiple meanings per event group.SignalsTask Synchroniz

20、ationRegister/ModifySend/ReceiveTask 2Task PTask 1EPEPsignal_handler Sent to a specific task.One meaning per signal.Enable/Disable timerCreate/Delete timerReset timerRetrieve list of timersTimer informationTimersexpiration_routine() do_something_now()Expiration routine is executed when timer expires

21、.System ClockSet/Retrieve system clockCreate/DeleteAllocate/DeallocateRetrieve list of memory partitionsPartitionedMemory ManagementT3100bytes100bytesT1T2100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytes100bytesInitializeCreate/DeleteAllocate/DeallocateRetrieve list of memory poolsDynamicMemory Management200b100b50b

22、heapDevice 1IXAn external device completes a task, which causes interrupt X to be errupt_service_routine() handle_the_interrupt()The Interrupt Service Routine is then initiated.ISRX(1) Interrupt is issued(2) Interrupts are disabled(3) Interrupt Service Routine executed(4) Interrupts are re

23、-enabledInterruptsMinimal ISRLow Level Interrupt Service Routines (LISR)saves and restores contextrestricts interaction with tasking environmentHigh Level Interrupt Service Routines (HISR)“super threads with prioritycan make kernel calls but cannot suspendLISR & HISRInterruptsHISRXLISRLISRZLISRYLISR

24、XHISRYHISRZDeviceHISRXLISRLISRZLISRYLISRXHISRYHISRZDeviceLISR does limited amount of processing.HISR is scheduled.Interrupts are disabled for a shorter amount of time.LISR & HISRInterruptsTCBTCBTCBTasksHISRHCBHCBHISR SchedulingInterruptsHISRXLISRLISRZLISRYLISRXHISRYHISRZDeviceInterruptsCreate/Delete

25、 HISRActivate HISRRetrieve list of HISRsHISR InformationGet current HISR pointer Register LISRSetup a vectorControl InterruptsCreate/DeleteRequestSuspend/ResumeObtain list of driversDeviceDeviceDriverInterfaceIO_Input()IO_OutputI/O TaskI/O DriversEnable/Disable History SavingMake History EntryRetrie

26、ve History EntryObtain license informationObtain release informationDevelopment ServicesNucleus PLUS APITarget dependent Assembly filesTarget dependent Header file (nucleus.h)Target independent C files Demonstration filesBuild filesLinker command filesFilesSource File StructureInitializationThread C

27、ontrolTimer ControlLow Level Assembly CodeSource File StructurePointers to control blocksLinked listsProtection structuresSuspension structuresTimeoutsReturn statusInformational servicesCreating componentsDeleting componentsGeneric Component StructureSource File StructureCreation and Deletion of Obj

28、ectsControl Block - you define location anywhere in memoryMemory Requirements - data needed for components (e.g., task stack, queue space, etc.)TimeoutsAny kernel request that can result in suspension provides a timeout parametertimeouts - immediate return, forever, clock ticksCommon ComponentsInfor

29、mational Serviceshow manypointers toinformationCommon Components0 x1000 x2000 x3000 x1000 x2000 x300Poolpool_namestart_addresspool_sizepartition_sizeavailableallocatedsuspend_typetasks_suspendedfirst _taskstatusCommon ComponentsApplication_Initialize( )Create dynamic memory poolNU_Create_Memory_Pool

30、( )Create TasksNU_Allocate_Memory( )NU_Create_Task( )Create other system objects (optional)NU_Create_Queue( )NU_Create_Semaphore( )NOTE - Interrupts disabled during Application_Initialize( ) CodeSystem Startup.data (initialized data).code.bss (uninitialized data)first_available_memory_addressapplica

31、tion memoryApplication MemorySystem StartupTask ControlNU_Create_Task()NU_Resume_Task()NU_Terminate_Task()NU_Change_Time_Slice()NU_Change_Preemption()NU_Relinquish()NU_Current_Task_Pointer()NU_Task_Pointers()NU_Task_Information()NU_Delete_Task()NU_Suspend_Task()NU_Reset_Task()NU_Change_Priority()NU_

32、Sleep()NU_Check_Stack()NU_Established_Tasks().Task List (255)Task List (0)Task-1255Task-2255Task-3255Task-10Task-20Task-30NU_Broadcast_To_Mailbox()NU_Delete_Mailbox()NU_Mailbox_Information()NU_Receive_From_Mailbox()NU_Send_To_Mailbox()NU_Create_Mailbox()NU_Established_Mailboxes()NU_Mailbox_Pointers(

33、)NU_Reset_Mailbox()Optimized for small messages.Each message consists of four 32-bit pieces.Task YTask X1 MessageMailboxesTask CommunicationNU_Create_Queue()NU_Delete_Queue()NU_Receive_From_Queue()NU_Send_To_Front_Of_Queue()NU_Broadcast_To_Queue()NU_Reset_Queue()NU_Send_To_Queue()NU_Established_Queu

34、es()NU_Queue_Information()NU_Queue_Pointers()Fixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 32-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.Task YTask XM1M2QueuesTask CommunicationNU_Broadcast_To_Pipe()NU_Delete_Pipe()NU_Receive_From_Pipe()NU_Send_To_Fron

35、t_Of_Pipe()NU_Create_Pipe()NU_Reset_Pipe()NU_Send_To_Pipe()NU_Established_Pipes()NU_Pipe_Information()NU_Pipe_Pointers()Fixed or variable sized messages.Message sent in 8-bit increments.Messages of higher importance can be placed in front using Send_To_Front.Task YTask XM1M2M3M4PipesTask Communicati

36、onNU_Create_Semaphore()NU_Release_Semaphore()NU_Delete_SemaphoreNU_Obtain_Semaphore()NU_Reset_Semaphore()NU_Established_Semaphores()NU_Semaphore_Information()NU_Semaphore_Pointers()Task 3Task 2Task 1Device 1Device 2SemaphoresTask SynchronizationNU_Create_Event_Group()NU_Delete_Event_Group()NU_Retrie

37、ve_Events()NU_Set_Events()NU_Established_Event_Groups()NU_Event_Group_Information()NU_Event_Group_Pointers()Many tasks can be utilizing an event group.Multiple meanings per event group.*T3*T211111000printEvent GroupsTask SynchronizationNU_Register_Signal_Handler()NU_Control_Signals()NU_Receive_Signa

38、ls()NU_Send_Signal()Sent to a specific task.One meaning per signal.Task PTask 2Task 1EPEPSignalsTask SynchronizationProtection - “monitor surrounding Nucleus PLUS service callsprevents disabling of interruptsprevents priority inversion ProtectionCritical Sections / ReentrancyUnprotectProtectTimersNU

39、_Control_Timer()NU_Delete_Timer()NU_Reset_Timer()NU_Create_Timer()NU_Established_Timers()NU_Timer_Information()NU_Timer_Pointers()expiration_routine() do_something_now()Expiration routine is executed when timer expires.System ClockNU_Set_Clock()NU_Retrieve_Clock()NU_Allocate_Partition()NU_Deallocate_Partitio