精編小學英語語法大全適合各個版本_第1頁
精編小學英語語法大全適合各個版本_第2頁
精編小學英語語法大全適合各個版本_第3頁
精編小學英語語法大全適合各個版本_第4頁
精編小學英語語法大全適合各個版本_第5頁
已閱讀5頁,還剩18頁未讀, 繼續(xù)免費閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請進行舉報或認領(lǐng)

文檔簡介

1、小學英語語法大全第1講字母1、英語中共有26個字母。Aa , Ee, Ii, Oo , Uu是元音字母,Yy是半元音字母,其余是輔音 字母。英語單詞就是由這 26個字母組合而成的。Aa和Ii可以獨立成詞,分別表示 .個(張) 和我”的意思,Ii翻譯成 我”時要大寫。2、英語字母可以分為 印刷體和書寫體。在書、報、雜志上見到的一般都是印刷體。在四線三格 上書寫時應(yīng)注意書寫位置,可以記住以下口訣:大寫字母不頂格,小寫字母占滿格。書寫時還要 注意字母的筆順。3、英語句子的第一個單詞的首字母要大寫。單詞與單詞之間在書寫時必須保持適當?shù)木嚯x, 般以空出一個小寫字母的寬度為宜。句子的末尾要有標點符號。4、

2、英語中的句號是一個實心圓點(.),省略號是三個居下的實心圓點( ),英語中沒有頓號和書名號,頓號用逗號替代,書名用斜體字表示。5、英語縮寫詞PRC中華人民共和國USA美國UK英國UN聯(lián)合國HK香港SOS國際求救信號WHO世界衛(wèi)生組織WTO世界貿(mào)易組織UFO不明飛行物NBA 美國職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)賽CBA中國男子籃球聯(lián)賽VIP貴賓KFC肯德基ATM自動柜員機EMS郵政特快專遞IT信息技術(shù)ID身份證IQ智商EQ -CPU中央處理器RMB人民幣CCTV中國中央電視臺BBC英國播公司VOA美國之音kg千克cm厘米No.號碼a.m. 上午p.m.下午6、26個英語字母按照相同的 元音因素 進行歸類:/ e? /

3、AaHhJjKk/ i: /EeBbCcDdGgPpTtVv(Zz)/ a? /IiYy/? /Oo/ju:/UuQqWw/ e /FfLlMmNnSsXxZzZa / Rr第2講語音1、音素:語音的最小單位。英語中共有48個音素,其中元音音素20個,輔音音素28個元單元音/i:/,/7,/?:/,/?/,/ a :/人/,/?:/,/?/,/u:/,/?/,/e/,/? /音雙廿Ze? /,/a?,/?7,/?/,/a?/,/?/,/e?/,/?/輔清輔音/p/,/t/,/k/,/t k/tr/,/ts/,/f/,/0 /,/s/,/ /,/h/音濁軸音/b/,/d/,/g/,/d ?/,/

4、dr/,/dz/,/V/,/e /,/z/,/?/,/r/,/m/,/n/,/?/,/l/,/w/,/j/2、元音:發(fā)音時氣流不受阻礙。元音分為 單元音和雙元音兩類。單元音發(fā)音時唇形和舌位不變;雙元音發(fā)音時由一個元音向另一個 元音滑動,唇形和舌位有一個變化過程,且前重后輕,前長后短。3、輔音:發(fā)音時氣流受到阻礙。輔音分為 清輔音和濁輔音兩類。 清輔音發(fā)音時聲帶不振動;濁輔音發(fā)音時聲帶振動。4、音標:用來記錄音素的符號。為了避免與字母混淆,音標被放在斜括號 / /內(nèi)。5、英語中的一個字母或字母組合在不同的單詞中發(fā)音可能是不一樣的,而相同的 發(fā)音對應(yīng)的字母或字母組合也可能不完全相同。6、開音節(jié):以

5、元音字母結(jié)尾或以一個元音字母加一個輔音字母再加不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾(r除外)的音節(jié)。元音字母在開音節(jié)中讀長音,即該字母的名稱音。閉音節(jié):以一個或幾個輔音字母(r除外)結(jié)尾。元音字母在閉音節(jié)中讀短音aeiou開音節(jié)/e? / name/i:/we she/a?hi white/?/go note/ju:/ or /u:/ use閉音節(jié)/? /e/?/?/A/mapdesksitclockcup第3講名詞名詞是指表示人和事物名稱的詞,可以分為專有名詞和普通名詞兩大類。1、專有名詞:特定的人、地方、機構(gòu)等專有的名稱。第一個字母通常要大寫e.g. Jim Green , New York , Bank of

6、 China , Peking University星期、月份、節(jié)日、學科、報刊名也是專有名詞。e.g. Monday , May , Christmas , Spring Festival , Maths , China Daily2、普通名詞:表示一類人或物或抽象概念的名稱。普通名詞又可以分為四類個體名詞表示某類人或東西中的個體,如: student , desk集體名詞表示若干個體組成白集合體,如: class , family物質(zhì)名詞表示無法分為個體的物質(zhì)名稱,如: water , rice , sand , hair抽象名詞表示情感,狀態(tài),品質(zhì)等抽象名稱,如: love , care

7、lessness個體名詞和集體名詞多數(shù)可以用數(shù)目來計算,稱為可數(shù)名詞,有單、復數(shù)形式;物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞通常無法用數(shù)目計算,稱為不可數(shù)名詞,一般只有一種形式。注意: 集體名詞被看作 一個整體 時,表達單數(shù)概念。e.g. His family was well known in the town.他家在鎮(zhèn)里是名門望族。集體名詞被看作若干個體的集合時,表達復數(shù)概念。e.g. His family are waiting for him. 她的家人正在等他。 集體名詞表達多個集體時,也有復數(shù)形式。e.g. Our village is made up of 300 families 我們村有 300

8、 戶人家。3、可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則:一般名詞在末尾直接加s,清輔音后讀/ s /,濁輔音和元音后讀/ z /e.g. book-books , bag-bags , cat-cats , bed-beds以s、x、sh、ch結(jié)尾,加es,讀/ IZ /e.g. bus-buses , box-boxes , brush-brushes , watch-watches以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加es ,讀/ z /e.g. baby-babies , library-libraries , factory-factories以f或fe結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加es ,讀/ vz /e

9、.g. thief thieves , knife knives以o結(jié)尾,表示無生命的物體時加s,表示有生命的物體時,加 es,都讀/ z /e.g. photo-photos , piano-pianos , radio-radios , zoo-zoos potato-potatoes , tomato-tomatoes , mango-mangoes , hero-heroes不規(guī)則變化e.g. man menwoman womenpoliceman policemenchild childrenmouse miceox oxenfoot feettooth teethgoose gee

10、sefish fishsheep sheepdeer deer fish表示魚的數(shù)量時,單復數(shù)同形;表示魚的種類時,復數(shù)為fishes.e.g. My cat had two fish for lunch.You can see a lot of different fishes in the lake.4、不可數(shù)名詞一般只有原形,沒有復數(shù)形式,但是可以借助量詞表示一定的數(shù)量。如果表達兩 個或兩個以上的概念時,量詞需要用復數(shù)形式,不可數(shù)名詞不變。e.g. a bottle of water , a cup of coffee , two glasses of milk , five bags

11、of rice這種形式用于 可數(shù)名詞 時,量詞和可數(shù)名詞 都要用復數(shù)。e.g. ten baskets of eggs5、既可用作可數(shù),又可用作不可數(shù)的名詞:不可數(shù)可數(shù)glass玻璃a glass一只玻璃杯paper紙a paper一份報紙、論文、文件iron鐵a iron一個熨斗wood木頭a wood一片森林beauty美a beauty一個美人room空間a room一個房間6、名詞所有格 在英語中,有些名詞可以加來表示所有關(guān)系,帶這種詞尾的名詞形式稱為該名詞的所有格。 大多數(shù)表示有生命的東西。e.g. Tom sbook如果復數(shù)名詞末尾已有s,就直接加。e.g. the teacher

12、s office如果一些物品為兩者共有,只需在后一個名詞后加s ;如果為各自所有,則需在每個名詞后加6e.g. Lucy and Lily s bedroomtucy 和 Lily 共用個臥室)Lucy s and Lily s bedroomLucy 和 Lily 分別擁有各自的臥室) 表示無生命的物體 的名詞所有格,一般與 of短語連用。e.g. a map of the world , a photo of my family雙重所有格:把of所有格和所有格結(jié)合在一起表示所有關(guān)系。e.g. a friend of my father s第4講冠詞冠詞一般用在名詞的前面,對名詞起限定作用,

13、不能離開名詞單獨存在。1、不定冠詞a, an用在單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 前面,泛指一類人或物中的任何一個。a用于輔音音素開頭的名詞之前。e.g. a bed , a computer , a Uan用于 兀首首素 開頭的名詞之前。e.g. an egg , an umbrella , an hour2、定冠詞the用在單數(shù)或復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 前,也可用在不可數(shù)名詞前。表示特指的人或物前。e.g. The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.指說話人雙方都知道的人或物前。e.g. Lily, close the door, please. 在上文提到過,第二次又提到 的

14、人或物前。e.g. There is a man under the tree. The man is called James.表示世界上獨一無二的事物前。e.g. The sun is bigger than the moon.用在序數(shù)詞前面。e.g. It is the first day of the new term.用在樂器名稱前。e.g. He often plays the violin at weekends.用在形容詞最高級前。e.g. Spring is the best season in a year.用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成的專有名詞前。e.g. I went to th

15、e Great Wall last week.用在國家名稱的縮寫前。e.g. He is from the UK.3、零冠詞:名詞前不用冠詞的情況。在季節(jié)、月份、星期、節(jié)假日、三餐、球類或棋類運動前,通常不用冠詞。e.g. have breakfast , play basketball , play chess第5講代詞1、人稱代詞:表示 我、你、他、她、它、我們、你們、他們”的詞。我你他她它我們你們他們主格Iyouhesheitweyouthey賓格meyouhimheritusyouthem主格一般用在句子開頭做主語,通常用在動詞前。e.g. I am a student.They ar

16、e cleaning the classroom.賓格可以用來表示動作行為的對象,一般用在動詞和介詞后面。e.g. Ask her, please. Listen to me carefully.2、物主代詞:表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。我的你的他的她的它的我們的你們的他們的形容詞性myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs形容詞性物主代詞后面一般要帶上名詞。如:my watch, his cousin, our school名詞性物主代詞本身就可以看作是名詞,故其后不能再加名詞,可單獨使用。e.g. Is

17、 that your bike ? No. Mine is blue.3、不定代詞:沒有明確指定代替某個(些)人或物的詞叫不定代詞。(1)some 和 any都表示 &些”,既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。some多用在肯定句中,any多用在否定句和疑問句中。e.g. There are some flowers in the garden.(肯定句)There isn any milk in the fridge. (否定句)Do you have any hobbies? (疑問句) 在表示邀請和希望對方給予肯定回答 的疑問句中也要用 some。e.g. Would you li

18、ke some coffee? Yes, please.(邀請) Mum, can I have some peaches? Sure.(希望對方給予肯定回答)both 和 allboth表示 兩個都二 只指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞。e.g. We are both policemen.(強調(diào)兩人)all表示 豈個或三個以上都 ”,既可指代或修飾可數(shù)名詞,也可指代或修飾不可數(shù)名詞。e.g. They are all in the room.(至少三人)many和much都表示許多,many修飾可數(shù)名詞,much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。e.g. My uncle has many stamps. There i

19、s much tea in the cup.each 和 everyeach強調(diào)個人,指兩個或兩個以上的人或事物中的每個;every是指許多人或事物的全體”,與all的意思相近。e.g. I ll buy a present for eac h of her parents.我要為她的父母每人買一件禮物。Every book in his study is interesting.他書房里的每本書都很有趣。other作形容詞時意思是其他的,指尚未提到的部分,其后一般接復數(shù)名詞。e.g. We study Chinese, English, Maths and other subjects.so

20、mething 和 everythingsomething 某事;某物 e.g. I want something to drink.everything一切事物;每樣事物e.g. Tell me everything about you. nobody 沒有人 e.g. She likes nobody and nobody likes her.4、疑問代詞:用來表達疑問或構(gòu)成疑問句的代詞,一般放在疑問句的句首。what問什么- What s your name? My name is Tom.What colour問顏色-What colour is your coat? It s red

21、.what day問星期一What day is it today? It s Monday.what date問日期 What date is it today? It s the first of June.what shape問形狀 What shape is the moon? It s round.what job問工作- What s your father s jobHe s a bus driver.what time問時間一What time is it? It s ten o clock.when問時候 When is your birthday? It s on the

22、first of May.which問哪個-Which is your watch, this one or that one?That one.where問地點-Where is my pen? It s on the floor.who問誰 Who is the boy with big eyes?He s Liu Tao.whose問誰的Whose bag is this? It s Helen s.why問原因-Why are you absent today? I m ill.how問方式-How do you go to school?- By bus.how many問數(shù)量-Ho

23、w many books are there?There are five.how much問價錢-How much is it? Twenty yuan .how old問年齡-How old are you? I m twelve.how far問距離-How far is it from here? - It s about one kilometer.how about問情況一I m thirstyHow about you? - Me, too.5、指示代詞較近的人或物。較遠的人或物。this (這個)、these (這些)表示在時間上或空間上that (那個)、those (那些)

24、表示在時間上或空間上第6講形容詞形容詞用來修飾名詞或代詞,表示人或事物的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。它的位置通常放在被修飾的名詞前,也可以放在be動詞和look、feel、taste、sound get之后。在英語中,形容詞有三個等級,即 原級、比較級和最高級。1、表示兩者 等同“時用原級,結(jié)構(gòu)為:as +原級+ as,表示“雙口 xx一樣 e.g. Are you as tall as your twin sister?其否定形式結(jié)構(gòu)為:not+as +原級+ as ,表示“xXF口 xxx不一樣”e.g. I mot as tall as you.2、表示兩者 比較”時用比較級,結(jié)構(gòu)為:比較級+ t

25、han ,表示“戲匕xxx更e.g. He s one year younger than me.形容詞比較級的構(gòu)成規(guī)則 :一般在t尾加ere.g. taller , longer , stronger , younger以字母e結(jié)尾,只加re.g. late later , nice nicer以輔音字母+ y結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加ere.g. heavy heavier雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加 ere.g. fat fatter , thin thinner , big bigger雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比較級,在原級前加moree.g. more beautiful , more carefu

26、l不規(guī)則變化e.g. good-better , many / much-more , far-farther , bad / ill-worse3、三個或三個以上的人或物進行比較,用形容詞最高級。結(jié)構(gòu)為:the +形容詞最高級 +in/of等表示范圍的短語,表示 最”e.g. Autumn is t he best season in New York.She is the tallest girl of our three.第7講副詞1、副詞是一種用來修飾 動詞或形容詞的詞,說明時間、程度、方式等概念。大多數(shù)副詞都可以 放在動詞后面。e.g. dance beautifully , lis

27、ten carefully , sit quietly , speak loudly , very happy2、副詞的比較級變化規(guī)則與形容詞比較級基本相同,以 ly結(jié)尾的副詞一般用 more。e.g. more carefully , more quietly第8講介詞介詞又叫前置詞,是一種用來表示詞與詞、詞與句之間關(guān)系的詞,它一般放在名詞、代詞(賓 格)或動詞(動詞ing形式)前面。1、in 在里面。如:in the classroomin +顏色,穿著顏色的衣服。如:WhO s the man in white?in +語言,用某種語言說 。如:What s this in Englis

28、h?在上午、下午、 晚上 。 如:in the morning , in the afternoon , in the evening在年、月、季節(jié)前 。如:in 2008 , in August , in summer在國家、城市和較大的地方前。如:in China , in Wuxi , in the playground固定搭配。 如:in the middle of (在中間),do well in (擅長),in the day (在白天),take part in (參加),stay in bed (躺在床上),in the street (在街上)2、on在上面。 如:on th

29、e desk用在某一天(上、下午)前 。如:on the 5 th of May , on Sunday , on Monday morning以 Day 結(jié)尾的節(jié)日前。如: on Children s Day on New Year s Day固定搭配。如:on foot (步行),on duty (值日),put on (穿上),get on (上車)turn on (打開),on the right / left (在右邊/左邊),on the wall (在墻上),on ZhongshanRoad (在中山路上)注 意:樹上長的水果 用on the tree ;不是樹上長的外來物 用i

30、n the tree 。如:I can see a lot of apples on the tree. There is a boy in the tree.3、at在某個 時刻前。如:at seven o clock在傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 前。如:at Spring Festival , at Mid-Autumn Festival , at Christmas在較小的地點。如:at the bus stop固定搭配。如:at once (立刻,馬上),be good at (擅長 ),look at (看),at home (在家),at school (在學校),at weekends (在周末)

31、,at the back of (在后部),at night(在夜晚)4、under 在下面 如: There is a cat under the table.5、 behind在后面 如: There is an umbrella behind the door.6、near 靠近 如:There is a park near my house.7、 beside在旁邊 如:The students are standing beside the teacher.8、next to 緊靠旁邊 如:The teachers office is next to our classroom.9、

32、before(時間上)在 之前 如:before class (上課前)10、after(時間上)在 之后;依照固定搭配:after class (課后),after school (放學后),look after (照看),run after (追趕),read after me (跟我讀)between在兩者之間如:There are some trees between Building A and Building B.12、by乘某種交通工具如:by bus , by plane , by the way (順便說一下)13、from be from = come from (來自

33、) 如: Mr Smiths is/comes from Australia.from to (從至U) We go to school from Monday to Friday.14、to至U、去 如:Let s go to the zoo.固定搭配: write to (給 xx 寫信)15、about 關(guān)于;大約如:I want to buy a book about animals. It s about one kilometer away.16、for 為、給 如:Here s a letter for you. What s for breakfast?固定搭配:look fo

34、r (尋找),wait for (等候)17、with與起。 如: I ll go shopping with my mother.具有某種特征。如: Who s the boy with big eyes? help. with.在某方面幫助某人如: Can you help me with my English?play with.和一起玩; 拿 玩 如:play with me , play with a yo-yo18、 in front of 在前面 如:There is a tree in front of the classroom.in the front of 在前部 如:T

35、here is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.19、along 沿著,順著 如:Go along this street.20、as 作為 如:What would you like as a birthday present?21、 out of 從出來;往之夕卜 如:The dog is running out of the house.22、of 的,屬于 如:a map of China , a map of the world23、off 離開,在之外 如:keep off the grass (勿踏草坪),get off (下

36、車)24、up 向上 如:stand up (起立),pull up carrots (拔胡蘿卜)25、 down 向下 如:sit down (坐下),jump up and down (上下跳)第9講數(shù)詞1、基數(shù)詞:表示數(shù)目多少。1one11eleven21twenty-one2two12twelve22twenty-two3three13thirteen30thirty4four14fourteen40forty5five15fifteen50fifty6six16sixteen60sixty7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eigh

37、ty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten20twenty100hundred注意:數(shù)字“啊以讀作“zero,”也可以讀作字母 “o”2、序數(shù)詞:表示順序先后。1stfirst11theleventh21sttwenty-first2ndsecond12thtwelfth22ndtwenty-second3rdthird13ththirteenth30ththirtieth4thfourth14thfourteenth40thfortieth5thfifth15thfifteenth50thfiftieth6thsixth16thsixteenth60thsixtieth7t

38、hseventh17thseventeenth70thseventieth8theighth18theighteenth80theightieth9thninth19thnineteenth90thninetieth10thtenth20thtwentieth100thhundredth基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞記憶口訣 :一、二、三,需要記,八去 t,九省e, ve結(jié)尾時,f來代替, ty結(jié)尾時,y變ie ,再加th,若是幾十幾,前基后序別忘記。第10講連詞連詞,顧名思義,是一種起連接作用的詞。1、and和,表不并列關(guān)系。如:There are some desks and chairs in the

39、classroom.2、but但是:表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。如: You can skate well, but I can t .3、or還是,表示 選擇關(guān)系。如: Would you like a glass of milk or a_cup of tea?注意:在疑問句或否定句中,當表示并列關(guān)系時,不用and,而用or。如: Do you have any brothers or sisters ?I don t have any brothers or sisters.4 than 比”,表示對比關(guān)系。如: Su Hai jumps farther than Su Yang.5、because

40、因為“,表示因果 關(guān)系。如:I like summer best because I can go swimming.6、so所以,表不結(jié)果關(guān)系。如: Helen was ill , so_ she didn t go to school yesterday.第11講動詞動詞是表示動作或行為的詞。按其詞義和在句子中的作用可以分為連系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞和行為動詞。1、be 動詞(am , is , are)be動詞做謂語時,要與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。用法口訣:我用am ,你用are, is用在他、她、它,復數(shù)全用are。如:I am a teacher.You are a student

41、.She is_a nurse. We are Chinese.be be 動詞的否定形式:am not(無縮寫形式),is not = isn , tare not=aren t 2、助動詞(do , does , did)do。其過去式did用do , does用于一般現(xiàn)在時,does用于第三人稱單數(shù),其他人稱和數(shù)用于一般過去時。他們通常用在疑問句和否定句中。助動詞后動詞要用原形。如:Do you like this film?Does she like playing football?I didn go to school yesterday. 否定形式: do not = don ,

42、tdoes not =doesn j did not=didn t 3、情態(tài)動詞(can , may , must , should , will , would , shall 等)情態(tài)動詞表示說話人對某一動作或狀態(tài)的態(tài)度,表示 可能“,可以“,需要“,必須”,應(yīng)當 等意思。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化,后面的動詞要用原形。can和may都可以用來表示請求或允許,但may比can更正式,更客氣些。如: Can I use your pen?May I come in ?must 和 shouldmust意為 必須,應(yīng)當:含有一種命令的語氣,比較生硬,不容商量。should意為應(yīng)當,應(yīng)該”,表示

43、建議或勸告,語氣比較委婉,客氣。如: You must finish your homework before you go to bed.You should stay in bed and have a good rest.will和would用于疑問句,表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蠡蛟儐?,?would比will更委婉,更 客氣。如: Will you please open the window ? Would you like some coffee?注意區(qū)別:I d like 我想要(接名詞) 如:I d like some tea.I d like to 我想要做 (接動詞原形)如:

44、Id like to go with you.I like 我喜歡(接名詞或動名詞)如: I like monkeys. I like reading.shall在問句中表示征求對方的意見,主要用于第一人稱。如:Shall we go there by bus?5)否定形式: can ,t may not , mustn ,t shouldn ,twouldn ,t shall not4、行為動詞行為動詞也叫實意動詞,是具有實際意義的動詞。如 run (跑),jump (跳),listen (聽),sing (唱),eat (吃),think (想)等。行為動詞在句子中有人稱和時態(tài)的變化。在英

45、語中,不同時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),需要用不同的動詞形式來表現(xiàn),這就叫時O一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時般過去時般將來時現(xiàn)在進行時第12講一般現(xiàn)在時1、定義:表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或習慣性的動作、狀態(tài)。句中通常有usually , often ,every day , sometimes ,always , at weekends , on Sundays 等表示經(jīng)常性時間的短語。2、構(gòu)成:1)當謂語是be動詞時,一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成:主語+ be動詞+其他如:I am a student. He is Jim s father. They are from Japan.2)當謂語是 行為動詞 時,一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成

46、: 主語(非第三人稱單數(shù))+動詞原形+其他如:I often watch TV at the weekends.Mr Green and Mrs Green like collecting stamps.主語(第三人稱單數(shù))+動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他如:Jim usually visits his grandparents on Sundays.She sometimes goes to the park with her mother.動詞三單形式的變化規(guī)則:do-does4、一般現(xiàn)在時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換:啟7E句否定句一般疑問句及回答They watch TV every day.They d

47、on twatch TV every day.Do they watch TV every day? Yes, they do . / No, they don tShe watches TV every day.She doesn t watch TV every day.Does she watch TV every day? Yes, she does . / No, she doesn.第13講現(xiàn)在進行時now , look, listen 等詞。1、定義:表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進行或發(fā)生的動作。句中常有 如:I am washing clothes now.Look! Liu Tao

48、is climbing the tree.Listen! Jane is singing in the music room.2、構(gòu)成:be動詞(am/is/are ) +動詞現(xiàn)在分詞(V-ing )3、動詞現(xiàn)在分詞 構(gòu)成:一般是在動詞原形后加ing如:read-reading , drink-drinking , eat-eating , look-looking|以不發(fā)音的 e結(jié)尾的動詞,去掉e,再加ing如:write-writing , make-making , ride-riding , take-taking|以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾,如末尾只有一個輔音字母,要雙寫這個字母,再加 FT如

49、:sit-sitting , swim-swimming , put-putting , run-running , stop-stopping , get-getting , begin-beginning , jog-jogging , forget-forgetting4、動名詞其實就是動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞,它既有名詞性質(zhì)(可作主語) ,又有動詞性質(zhì)(可帶賓語)。如: Asking the wayMy hobby is collecting stamps.He is good at skating.5、現(xiàn)在進行時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換:白立句否定句一般疑問句及回答He is running now.He

50、isn t running now. Is he running now? Yes, he is . / No, he isn . tThey are making a puppet.They aren making a puppet.-Are they making a puppet? Yes, they are . / No, they aren .t第14講一般過去時1、定義:表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和表示過去的時間狀語連用,如:a moment ago , just now , yesterday , last week , this morning 等。如: My

51、 brother often went to school by bike last term.The watch was beside the diary a moment ago.I watched the moon and ate the moon cakes last Mid-Autumn Festival.Jim went to the supermarket yesterday.2、構(gòu)成:主語+動詞的過去式+其他3、動詞過去式 的變化規(guī)則:,般在動詞原形末尾加ed如:play-played , listen-listened , look-looked尾是e的動詞,加d如:live

52、-lived , like-liked , taste-tasted 輔音字母+ y 結(jié)尾的動詞,變 y為i,再加 ed 如:study-studied , carry-carried , cry-cried 尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,雙寫這個輔音字母,再加ed如:stop-stopped , plan-planned質(zhì)規(guī)則變化|如:am/is-wasare-werehave/has-haddo-didgo-wentget-gotbuy-boughtfly-flewsit-satmake-madecome-camemeet-mettell-toldgive-gavedraw-drewp

53、ut-putsee-sawread-readeat-aterun-ransay-saidsing-sangswim-swamtake-took4、一般過去時的句型轉(zhuǎn)換啟/E句否定句一般疑問句及回答HewatchedTVHe didn t watch TV一Did he watch TV yesterday?yesterday.yesterday.Yes, he did . / No, he didn. tThey played gamesThey didn t play games-Did they play games just now?just now.just now.Yes, they

54、 did . / No, they didn . t第15講一般將來時1、定義:表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),以及打算、計劃或準備某事。句中一般含有表示將來的時間狀語,如: tomorrow morning , next week , this afternoon 等表示將來的時間狀語。2、構(gòu)成:be gong to + 動詞原形如:I am going to see a Beijing opera tomorrow.We are going to meet at bus stop at half past ten.Dad and I are going to see a Beijing o

55、pera this afternoon.will +動詞原形如:They will go swimming this afternoon.3、be going to 和 will 區(qū)別:be going to表示經(jīng)過事先安排、打算或決定要做白事情,基本上一定會發(fā)生;will則表示有可能去做,但不一定發(fā)生,也常表示說話人的臨時決定。如:I am going to take part in a party this evening.They are cleaning the library now. I ll go and join them.be going to表示近期或眼下就要發(fā)生的事情;w

56、ill表示的將來時間則較遠一些。如:He isgoing to write a letter tomorrow. I will meet her one day.be going to還可以用來表示有跡象表明某件事將要發(fā)生,常用于天氣等自然現(xiàn)象。如:Look!It s going to rain.4、一般將來時句型轉(zhuǎn)換:啟/E句否定句一般疑問句及回答She is going to have a picnic tomorrow.She isn going to have a picnic tomorrow. Is she going to have a picnic tomorrow? Yes,

57、 she is . / No, she isn. tThey will go swimming this afternoon.They will not(won t) go swimming this afternoon. Will they go swimming this afternoon? Yes, they will . / No, they won t.第16講句法1、陳述句說明事實或陳述說話人觀點的句子?;窘Y(jié)構(gòu):主語+謂語+其他1)肯定陳述句We all like pandas very much.否定陳述句 He doesn t do housework at weekend

58、s3)肯定陳述句 改否定陳述句一般是在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞 后加not。Mary was at school yesterday. Mary was not at school yesterday.I can make a model plane. I can not make a model plane.不含be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的,行為動詞前要用助動詞的否定式(don匕doesn t, didn 后面跟動詞的原形。He likes drawing pictures. He doesn t like drawing pictures.I went to the park yesterday. I

59、didn t go to the park yesterday.4)陳述句改一般疑問句有be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的,把 be動詞或情態(tài)動詞提前。Mary was at school yesterday. Was Mary at school yesterday?I can make a model plane. Can you make a model plane?不含be動詞或情態(tài)動詞的句子,借助助動詞開頭,動詞還原成原形。He likes drawing pictures. Does he like drawing pictures.I went to the park yesterday. D

60、id you go to the park yesterday?2、疑問句用來提出問題,詢問情況的句子,末尾用問號。一般疑問句:一般疑問句常用來詢問一件事是否屬實,通常以 be動詞,助動詞或情態(tài)動詞 開頭,用yes或no來回答,因此又叫是非疑問句,通常讀升調(diào)。 Is Mr Green from the UK? Yes, he is. / No , he isn t. Do you have any hobbies? Yes, I do. / No , I don t. Can you play the guitar?Yes , I can. / No , I cant. How do2)特殊疑

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容里面會有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內(nèi)容負責。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當內(nèi)容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

評論

0/150

提交評論