(完整版)pride_and_prejudice講解.ppt課件

1、奧斯丁小說:傲慢與偏見 英國文學(xué)課Jane Austen & Pride and PrejudicecharacteristicsIntroductionThemeCharacters homeworkJane Austen (1775-1817) 她以十分逼真的手法刻畫了一些普普通通的、而非出類拔萃的人，他們通過極其普通的談話和行為舉止把自己完全而一致的呈現(xiàn)出來。簡奧斯汀的沉靜和自制，以及絕妙地用平靜的言辭去表達她平靜的內(nèi)容，這些特點，較之于那些熱情洋溢、言辭滔滔不絕的偉大作家，同樣顯示出她的創(chuàng)作天才。-劍橋英國文學(xué)史Jane Austens LifeuneventfulRestricted

2、 educated at homeread a lotdomestic duties writing novelswriting at an early age six novels never married died in 1817, 42 years oldAustens HouseChawtonJane Austens Novels 1. Sense and Sensibility理智與情感 2. Pride and Prejudice傲慢與偏見3. Northanger Abbey諾桑覺寺4. Mansfield Park 曼斯菲爾德莊園5. Emma愛瑪6. Persuasion勸

3、告Austens plots, though fundamentally comic, highlight the dependence of women on marriage to secure social standing and economic security. In all of Austens novels her heroines are ultimately married.Pride and PrejudiceJane AustenAbout the titlePride and PrejudiceQ: Who embodies the characteristic o

4、f “pride” and who embodies “prejudice”? First Impressions Prejudice prideMr. BennetA bookish and intelligent gentleman somewhat withdrawn from society Mrs. BennetThe five daughters of the BennetsJane, marries Bingley Elizabeth (lizzie), marries Mr. DarcyLydia，elopes with WickhamMary, bookishCatherin

5、e (kitty)immatureLydiaLizzieJaneMaryKitty Charles Bingley: handsome, good-natured, wealthyJaneElizabethWickhamPlot SummaryMr and Mrs Bennet live with their five daughters at Longbourn near London. Because they have no son, their property will have to pass, according to the law at that time, to a cou

6、sin, William Collins. Hoping to secure their daughters position in society, they both want to marry them to some wealthy gentlemen. It so happens that Charles Bingley, a single man in possession of a good fortune, comes to settle in the neighborhood with his two sisters and his friend Fitzwilliam Da

7、rcy, who is also rich and unmarried. Bingley and Jane fall in love with each other almost at first sight. And Darcy is attracted to Janes sister Elizabeth, but he offends her by his insolent behavior and rude remarks at a ball. The dislike and repulsion is increased by the pride of the one and the p

8、rejudice of the other. However, Darcy continues to be attracted to her, in spite of himself, till he proposes to her but is rejected indignantly. Later on, on a trip to north of England with her uncle and aunt, Elizabeth chances to meet Darcy, who receives them very warmly and shows greatly improves

9、 manners. Thus pride is checked and prejudice removed. Just at this point, news reaches Elizabeth that her youngest sister Lydia has eloped with Wickham. By Darcys help, their marriage is finally brought about. And through his influence, the former tie between Bingley and Jane is renewed, which lead

10、s to their engagement. Darcy and Elizabeth also become engaged despite the intervention of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. The story then ends happily with the marriages of Jane and Elizabeth. CHARACTERSMr BennetMrs BennetJane Bennet (22)Elizabeth Bennet (20)Lydia Bennet (15)Mary Bennet (17)Kitty Bennet (

11、16)The Bennet intelligent, wealthy, extremely handsome and reserved haughty or proud to strangers, honest and kind underneath. Mr. Darcy Darcy s grand and beautiful estatePemberleyintelligent, witty, attractive. sensible, yet stubbornwith a tendency to judge on first impression Elizabeth Bennet (Liz

12、zy) amiable, somewhat eccentric a man of sarcastic humorwithdrawn, a weak fatherMr. Bennetempty-headedMrs. Bennetsimple and naive talkativeshallow beautiful reserved pleasantJane Bennetoutgoinggood-naturedwealthy approachable Charles BingleyNetherfieldStately home purchasedA pompous, narrow-minded s

13、ycophant who is excessively devoted and flattering to his patroness, Lady Catherine de Bourgh. William Collinsthe neighbor and best friend of Elizabeth. Charlotte Lucas arrogant. Lady Catherine de Bourgh a dashing, charming and handsome young soldier dishonorable, a liarGeorge WickhamThemeSatireTone

14、 Selected reading Peoples valueComment from othersLinks There are three kinds of motivations or attitudes towards marriage.Those who marry for fortune, money and social rank. Those who marry for beauty, attraction and passion regardless of economic conditions or personal merits. Those who marry for

15、love which is based on consideration of the persons personal merit as well as his economical and social status.Darcy and Elizabeth The marriage between Darcy and Elizabeth reveals the characteristics that constitute a successful marriage. One of these characteristics is that the feeling cannot be br

16、ought on by appearances, and must gradually develop between the two people as they get to know one another. In the beginning, Elizabeth and Darcy were distant from each other because of their prejudice. The series of events which they both experienced gave them the opportunity to understand one anot

17、her and the time to reconcile their feelings for each other. Thus, their mutual understanding is the foundation of their relationship and will lead them to a peaceful and lasting marriage. This relationship between Elizabeth and Darcy reveals the importance of getting to know ones partner before mar

18、rying. Jane and Bingley The marriage between Jane Bennet and Bingley is also an example of successful marriage. Austen, through Elizabeth, expresses her opinion of this in the novel:.really believed all his Bingley expectations of felicity, to be rationally founded, because they had for basis the ex

19、cellent understanding, and super-excellent disposition of Jane, and a general similarity of feeling and taste between her and himself. (Chapter 55) However, unlike Darcy and Elizabeth, there is a flaw in their relationship. The flaw is that both characters are too gullible and too good-hearted to ev

20、er act strongly against external forces that may attempt to separate them:You Jane and Bingley are each of you so complying, that nothing will ever be resolved on; so easy, that every servant will cheat you; and so generous, that you will always exceed your income. (Chapter 55)Lydia and Wickham Lydi

21、a and Wickhams marriage is an example of a bad marriage. Their marriage was based on appearances, good looks, and youthful vivacity. Once these qualities can no longer be seen by each other, the once strong relationship will slowly fade away. As in the novel, Lydia and Wickhams marriage gradually di

22、sintegrates; Lydia becomes a regular visitor at her two elder sisters home when her husband was gone to enjoy himself in London or Bath. Through their relationship, Austen shows that hasty marriage based on superficial qualities quickly cools and leads to unhappiness.Mr. Collins and Charlotte The ma

23、rriage between Mr. Collins and Charlotte is based on economics rather than on love or appearance. It was a common practice during Austens time for women to marry a husband to save herself from spinsterhood or to gain financial security. In Pride and Prejudice, Austen dramatizes gender inequality and

24、 shows that women who submit themselves to this type of marriage will have to suffer in tormenting silence as Charlotte does:When Mr. Collins said any thing of which his wife might reasonably be ashamed, which certainly was not unseldom, she Elizabeth would involuntarily turned her eye on Charlotte.

25、 Once or twice she could discern a faint blush; but in general Charlotte wisely did not hear. (Chapter 28)Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet The relationship between Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet was similar to that of Lydia and Wickham. Mr. Bennet had married a woman he found sexually attractive without reali

26、zing she was an unintelligent woman. Mrs. Bennets favoritism towards Lydia and her comments on how she was once as energetic as Lydia reveals this similarity. Mr. Bennets comment on Wickham being his favorite son-in-law reinforces this parallelism. The effect of the relationships was that Mr. Bennet

27、 would isolate himself from his family; he found refuge in his library or in mocking his wife. Mr. Bennets self-realization at the end of the novel in which he discovers that his lack of attention towards his family had led his family to develop the way they are, was too late to save his family. Ben

28、net is Austens example of a weak father. In these two latter relationships, Austen shows that it is necessary to use good judgment to select a spouse, otherwise the two people will lose respect for each other.Summary: 1. Criteria of marriage: These five marriages contribute to the theme that a happy

29、 and strong marriage takes time to build and must be based on mutual feeling, understanding, and respect. Hasty marriages acting on impulse, and based on superficial qualities will not last and will lead to inevitable unhappiness.2. Be serious and cautious when facing marriage. Dont be taken in by s

30、uperficial qualities. eg. Wickham.3. Instead of being an individual problem, marriage is a social problem. One hasty decision may bring disaster to the whole family. eg. Lydia The main object of Austens satire in the novel is the mercenary and the ignorance of the people, a common criticism of the 1

31、8th century. A. Characters in the novel which best carries these qualities are:Mrs. BennetMr. Williams CollinsLydia BennetArrangement of the Plot eg. Mr. Darcy Elizabeth Lady Catherine De Bourghs Mrs Bennet Elizabeth The tone of the novel is light, satirical, and vivid. Eg: Mr. Collins proposal to E

32、lizabeth Lady Catherines visitto Lizzy at Longbourn, provides comic relief to the reader while at the same time revealing certain traits of the characters. Lydias lack of common sense and responsibility is revealed when she takes pride in being the first Bennet girl to be married. Lydia does not tak

33、e into consideration the circumstance of her marriage, the personality of her husband, or the prospects of their marriage for the future. Elizabeth Bennets ability to laugh off her misfortune and to continue to be optimistic, considering her situation, also contributes to the tone of the novel. “ It

34、 is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife.” Q: What kind of rhetorical device is employed in this sentence? What is the function of this sentence? The first sentence sets the tone for the entire novel, in that the whole work is

35、 a masterpiece of irony. (the irony between the first half of the sentence and the second half of the sentence) Subject matter: courtship and marriageThe sentence begins as though the novel were going to be a great philosophical discourse. “It is a truth universally acknowledged” implies that the no

36、vel will deal with great truths, but the second half of the sentence reveals that the great universal truth is no more than a consideration of a common social situation. Thus there is an ironic difference between the formal manner of the statement and the ultimate meaning of the sentence. The “truth

37、” spoken of is that a single man in possession of a fortune must need a wife, whereas in reality the sentence means that a woman without a fortune needs a man with a fortune for a husband. Austens book is a piece of literature that connects itself to the 18th century period. Pride and Prejudice is 1

38、8th century because of the emphasis on man in his social environment rather than in his individual conditions. The use of satire and wit, a common form of 18th century literature, also contributes to label the book as 18th century. However, because Austen had allowed personal feelings of the charact

39、ers to be expressed in her work, she can also be classified as Romantic. Traditional ideas about status and class distinctions are beginning to give way to money as a dominant value. eg. 1. A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”2. Mr. Darcy soo

40、n drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and the report which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. The most remarkable characteristic of Jane Austen as a novelist is her recognition of t

41、he limits of her knowledge of life and her determination never to go beyond these limits in her books. She describes her own class, in the part of the country with which she was acquainted; and both the types of character and the events are such as she knew from first-hand observation and experience

42、. But to the portrayal of these she brought an extraordinary power of delicate and subtle delineation, a gift of lively dialogue, and a peculiar detachment. She abounds in humor, but it is always quiet and controlled; and though one feels that she sees through the affectations and petty hypocrisies

43、of her circle, she seldom becomes openly satirical. The fineness of her workmanship, unexcelled in the English novel, makes possible the discrimination of characters who have outwardly little or nothing to distinguish them; and the analysis of the states of mind and feeling of ordinary people is don

44、e so faithfully and vividly as to compensate for the lack of passion and adventure. She herself speaks of the little bit (two inches wide) of ivory on which I work, and, in contrast with the broad canvases of Fielding or Scott, her stories have the exquisiteness of a fine miniature. -W.A.N. That you

45、ng lady has a talent for describing the involvements and feelings and characters of ordinary life which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. From The Journal of Sir Walter Scott” SHAKESPEARE has had neither equal nor second. But among the writers who, in the point which we have noticed, have

46、 approached nearest to the manner of the great master we have no hesitation in placing Jane Austen, a woman of whom England is justly proud. She has given us a multitude of characters, all, in a certain sense, commonplace, all such as we meet every day. Yet they are all as perfectly discriminated fr

47、om each other as if they were the most eccentric of human beings. -Lord Macaulay Characteristics of her Works1. Jane Austen is one of the realistic novelists. She drew vivid and realistic pictures of everyday life of the country society in her novels.Characteristics of her Works2. Jane Austens main

48、concern is about human beings in their personal relations, human beings with their families and neighbors. Stories of love and marriage provide the framework for all her novels and in them women are always taken as the major charactersCharacteristics of her Works3 Jane Austen is a writer who regards

49、 novel writing as a sophisticated art. Other Features4.Jane Austen is successful in the employment of irony and frequent use of witty and delightful dialogues .Jane Austen Quotes.“A ladys imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony in a moment.” “A large incom

50、e is the best recipe for happiness I ever heard of.” “An engaged woman is always more agreeable than a disengaged. She is satisfied with herself. Her cares are over, and she feels that she may exert all her powers of pleasing without suspicion. All is safe with a lady engaged; no harm can be done.”

51、In vain have I struggled. It will not do. My feelings will not be repressed. You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love you. My affections and wishes have not changed.But one word from you will silence me on this subject foreverYou must know. surely, you must know it was all for yo

52、u. 傲慢與偏見經(jīng)典對白a website you can learn more about Jane Austen/quotes-from-pride-and-prejudice.aspThe actorshomework1. Comment on Jane Austens views toward marriage.2. Watch the movie and write a paper on it.Exam-related Exercises1. Jane Austens first novel is _.A. Pride and Prejudice B. Sense and Sensi

53、bilityC. Emma D. Plan of a Novel2. In terms of Pride and Prejudice, which is not true?A. It is the most popular of Jane Austens novels.B. It is originally drafted as First Impressions.C. It is a tragic novel.D. In this novel, the author explores the relationship between great love and realistic benefits. 3. After reading the first chapter of Pride and Prejudice, we may come to know that Mrs.Bennet is a woman of_.A. simple character and poor understandingB. simple character and quick wit