理解句子、段落之間的邏輯關系（鳳山書屋）

1、理解句子、段落之間的邏輯關系1陽山書屋c 邏輯思維能力運用到對文章的深層理解過程。這需要對種種邏輯概念有一定的知識積累。一般要根據(jù)事實、現(xiàn)象或常識，而后進行本質(zhì)比較和分析進行邏輯推理。要搞清常見的邏輯關系。從上下文中看出語意發(fā)展的路徑。邏輯思維的方向主要指：并列、遞進、因果、轉折、反正、比較、對照、例證、結論等。文章的邏輯性體現(xiàn)在結構上層次分明，語意上連貫通順，前后呼應。2陽山書屋c邏輯分析的細節(jié)1主次關系與要義提煉2事實與邏輯推斷：因果、順序、正反、對應、并列、遞進、轉折、讓步、例舉、條件、。3. 立論與解釋和說明4比較與對照5例證與結論6主題與支撐7包容與被包容8總體與具體9前提與結論的呼

2、應關系3陽山書屋c注意尋找邏輯銜接詞語1。并列與遞進：also, in addition,whats more, moreover, likewise, similarly,2。轉折：however, on the contrary, instead of,3。因果：due to, therefore, as a result,2?？隙ê头穸ǎ篶ertainly, never,instead,3。讓步與條件：although,unless, as long as, 4。時間與空間：while, until,afterwards,5。順序推展：first of all, then, finall

3、y,6。列舉說明：for instanced, for example, such as,8?？偨Y概括：generally speaking, in conclusion,4陽山書屋c注意對句子概念的理解1。 要搞清楚7句話所表達的方向： 哪個是核心句？ 哪個是上下文過渡句？ 哪個是總結性句子？ 句子所處什么位置？2。要在文中迅速找到對應部分3。要把握短文內(nèi)容的整體理解4。要積累不同文體表述特點5。要小心：搞錯一個，等于錯掉兩個5陽山書屋c2009全國高考寧夏、海南試題根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 Getting your children

4、 to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables. 1 Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time. Allow them to study in blocks of time, such a

5、s for half an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. 2 Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.6陽山書屋c Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. 3 . Youll also need to help your kids find the righ

6、t place to study. After youre set up a good study time for little learners, set up a good place where they can get those creative juices flowing. 4 . Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair. 5 . This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for the

7、m with the answer to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.7陽山書屋cPick a place where your children can study properly.Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.Finally, spend time with your kids when they

8、re studying.Keep the atmosphere light and offer lots of encouragement, too.Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.Try to stop this bad habit by offering some sort or reward.One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they k

9、eep to.答案：1. G 2. B 3. E 4. A 5. C8陽山書屋c判斷方法： 下文一般都是對上文的解釋和說明；或前后呼應。G 上句為題干：One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to. 養(yǎng)成孩子好的學習習慣最好的方法之一就是設計他們要堅持的時間表。 接下來的一句：Make a study time and have it at the same time every day. 做一個學習時間表，每天在同一時間學習。 其中的

10、關鍵詞：schedule 和 make a study time9陽山書屋c 2. B 在題干中找上句：Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves. 堅守他們自己創(chuàng)造的日程安排。與下句能連貫起來：Ideal study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner. 理想的學習時間是飯后或放學后。 3. E 上句：Never allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will

11、 encourage passive activity. 千萬別讓你的孩子在電視前學習，因為那會加劇消極活動。在題干中找到下句：Instead, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed. 而是要把看電視作為做完功課的獎勵。其中關鍵詞語是 Instead 和 Never。_10陽山書屋c4. A 看題干： Pick a place where your children can study properly. 選擇一個適合孩子讀書地方。 與下句正好呼應的是： Make sure there is a table o

12、r a desk and a comfortable chair. 一定要有一張桌子和一把舒適的椅子。11陽山書屋c5. C 看題干： Finally, spend time with your kids when theyre studying. 孩子做功課時要和他們在一起。（作為最后一段的文字前，通常用Finally作為結束。） 連貫下來： This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answer to any questions. The in

13、put you give your children during study periods will help form a bone and help make studying enjoyable. 這包括有時要幫助孩子做作業(yè)，回答問題。在學習期間你對孩子的傾注將有助于鞏固情感并使學習有樂趣。12陽山書屋c Getting your children to study can be a little like getting them to eat their vegetables. 1 Make a study time and have it at the same time ev

14、ery day. This will help your kids to learn to schedule their day and will give them a sense of control over how they spend their time. One of the best ways to form good study habits for your kids is to design a schedule that they keep to13陽山書屋cAllow them to study in blocks of time, such as for half

15、an hour with a five-minute break in the middle. 2 Ideal (理想的) study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner.Hold them to the schedule they create for themselves.14陽山書屋cNever allow your children to study in front of the television, as that will encourage passive activity. 3 : Inste

16、ad, use TV as a treat or a reward when the homework is completed.15陽山書屋c 4 : Make sure there is a table or a desk and a comfortable chair.Pick a place where your children can study properly.16陽山書屋c5. This includes helping them out with their homework sometimes and being there for them with the answe

17、r to any questions. The input you give your children during study periods will help form a bond and help make studying enjoyable.Finally, spend time with your kids when theyre studying.17陽山書屋c2009遼寧卷 71 Home can be a great place for children to study. Its important to provide a workspace of their ow

18、n where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.18陽山書屋cLocation (位置) 72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pen

19、s at hand without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying.19陽山書屋cKeeping Things in Order Parents should encourage their child to spr

20、ead out, but to leave it neat and orderly when it isnt using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect. 73 The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.20陽山書屋c74 Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for succe

21、ss in school. Give them a good example of how to manage time and get things done in the right way. 75 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family.21陽山書屋cAttitude Is Everything.Bring Organization into Your Home.Here are several ways to choose a location.Building a Go

22、od Home Learning Environment.Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life.22陽山書屋c71 Home can be a great pl

23、ace for children to study. Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.根據(jù)后文：Home can be a great place for children to study. 家園是孩子們學習的理想場所。D項：“建設一個好的家庭學習環(huán)境?！?作為本文的標題，即主旨要義。D: Building a Good Home Learning Environment.23陽山書屋cLoca

24、tion (位置) 72 Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that

25、likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying._安排一個固定的地方讓孩子們可以手中拿紙筆不用每晚清理。 F:Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.安排一個共用的地方給孩子是個好主意24陽山書屋cKeeping Things in

26、 Order Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when it isnt using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect. 73 The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom.上文：家長應鼓勵孩子把東西鋪開，還能在不用的時候擺放有序。對于自尊來說所有權是很重要的。接下來：一個學會安排

27、空間的孩子必將把這種條理性帶如他人生的每個角落。G: A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life._25陽山書屋c74 Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to manage time and get thin

28、gs done in the right way. 75 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family.從下文知道：態(tài)度的重要性。從上文知道：有“能做到”的態(tài)度，孩子會以你為榜樣。Attitude Is Everything.E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.26陽山書屋c2010年北京卷考試說明樣題 Life Story of Dave Thomas Since 1989, Dave T

29、homas, who died of cancer at age 69 in his Fort Lauderdale home, was one of the most recognizable faces on TV. 71 “As long as it works,” he said in 1991, “Ill continue to do those commercials.” 72 “He still wont let anyone see his feet, which are out of shape because he never had proper-fitting shoe

30、s,” Wendy said in 1993. Born to a single mother, he was adopted as a baby By Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan. After Auleva died when he was 5, Thomas spent years on the road as Rex traveled around seeking construction work. “He fed me,” Thomas said, “and if I got out of line, hed beat

31、 me.”27陽山書屋c Moving out on his own at 15, Thomas worked, first as a waiter, in many restaurants. 73 “I thought if I owned a restaurant,”He said, “I could eat for free.” A 1956 meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as a Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant owner that made him a millionaire

32、 in 1968. In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendys Old Fashioned Hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. 74 28陽山書屋c Although troubled by his own experience with adoption, Thomas, married since 1954 to Lorraine, 66, and with

33、 four grown kids besides Wendy, felt it could offer a future for other children. He started the Dave Thomas Foundation(基金會) for Adoption in 1992. In 1993, Thomas, who had left school at 15, graduated from Coconut Creek High School in Florida. 75 The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed.29陽山書屋c “The

34、 Dave you saw on TV,” says friend Pat Williams, senior vice president of the Orlando Magic, “was the real Dave. He wasnt a great actor or a great speaker. He was just Joe Everybody.”30陽山書屋cBut he had something much better in mind.He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance party.Even though he was

35、 successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood.By using his experience and determination, Thomas turned the restaurants around.With 6,000 restaurants worldwide, the chain now makes $6 billion a year in sales.He appeared in more than 800 commercials for the hamburger chain named for his daugh

36、ter, now 40.He dropped out of school to work full-time. This decision to drop out haunted him until he went back to school 45 years later.31陽山書屋c補全后看連貫 Since 1989, Dave Thomas, who died of cancer at age 69 in his Fort Lauderdale home, was one of the most recognizable faces on TV. 71 “As long as it w

37、orks,” he said in 1991, “Ill continue to do those commercials.”F: He appeared in more than 800 commercials for the hamburger chain named for his daughter, now 40.32陽山書屋c: “He still wont let anyone see his feet, which are out of shape because he never had proper-fitting shoes,” Wendy said in 1993. Bo

38、rn to a single mother, he was adopted as a baby By Rex and Auleva Thomas of Kalamazoo in Michigan. After Auleva died when he was 5, Thomas spent years on the road as Rex traveled around seeking construction work. “He fed me,” Thomas said, “and if I got out of line, hed beat me.”C: Even though he was

39、 successful, Thomas remained troubled by his childhood.33陽山書屋cMoving out on his own at 15, Thomas worked, first as a waiter, in many restaurants. 73 “I thought if I owned a restaurant,”He said, “I could eat for free.” A 1956 meeting with Harland Sanders led Thomas to a career as a Kentucky Fried Chi

40、cken restaurant owner that made him a millionaire in 1968.A: But he had something much better in mind.34陽山書屋c In 1969, after breaking with Sanders, Thomas started the first Wendys Old Fashioned Hamburgers, in Columbus, Ohio, which set itself apart by serving made-to-order burgers. 74 E: With 6,000 r

41、estaurants worldwide, the chain now makes $6 billion a year in sales.35陽山書屋c In 1993, Thomas, who had left school at 15, graduated from Coconut Creek High School in Florida. 75 The kids voted him Most Likely to Succeed.B: He even took Lorraine to the graduation dance party.36陽山書屋c（2010北京海淀區(qū)1月模擬題-E篇）

42、 Warren Buffett For someone who is such a successful investor, Warren Buffett comes off as a pretty ordinary guy. He was born on August 30, 1930. 71 He used to door-to-door and sell soda water. When his family moved to Washington, Buffett became a paperboy for The Washington Post. Buffett ran his fi

43、ve paper routes and even added magazines to round out his product offerings. While still in school, he was making $175 a month, a full-time wage for many men.37陽山書屋c 72 He spent $1,200 on 40 acres of farmland in Nebraska. He and a friend also made $50 a week by placing pinball machines in barber sho

44、ps. They called their venture (企業(yè)) Wilson Coin Operated Machine Co.38陽山書屋c Already a successful small-time businessman, Buffett wasnt interested in going to college but ended up at the university of Pennsylvania - his father encouraged him to go. 73 But he was turned down in what had to be one of th

45、e worst admission decisions in Harvard history. The outcome affected Buffetts life, for he ended up attending Columbia Business School, where he studied under Professor Benjamin Graham, the father of securities analysis who provided the foundation (基礎) for Buffetts investment strategy.39陽山書屋c From t

46、he beginning, Buffett made his fortune from inveting. He started with all the money he had made from selling soda water, delivering papers, and operating pinball machines. Between 1950 and 1956, he grew his $9,800 to $14,000. 74 And then he gradually drew in other investor through word of mouth and

47、very attractive terms.40陽山書屋c 75 He doesnt collect houses or cars or works of art, and he disdains (鄙視) companies that waste money on expensive cars, private dining rooms, and high-priced real villas. He is a creature of habit - same house, same office, same city, same soda water.41陽山書屋cThen Buffett

48、 applied to Harvard Business School.Buffett is more likely to be found in a four-star restaurant.When he was 14, Buffett still kept great interest in investment.Even as a young child, Buffett was serious about making money.One thing is for sure about Buffett: he is happy doing what he is doing.Buffe

49、tts investment strategy mirrors his lifestyle and his overall philosophy.From there, he organized investment partnerships with his family and friends.42陽山書屋c For someone who is such a successful investor, Warren Buffett comes off as a pretty ordinary guy. He was born on August 30, 1930. 71 He used to door-to-door and sell soda water. When his family moved to Washington, Buffett became a paperboy for The Washington Post. Bu