高三語法復習課件---虛擬語氣編號【541708】

1、 虛擬語氣 The Subjunctive Mood1.英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式來表示。 2.定義：用來表示說的話不是事實，或者是不 可能發(fā)生的情況，而是一種愿望，建議，假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣。1.If I were you, I would work hard. 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 2. If I had taken your advice, I wouldnt have made a mistake. 與過去事實相反3.If it should rain tomorrow, they would put off the meet

2、ing.4.If she came here tomorrow, she might tell us what has happened to her. 5. If we were to have three days off , we would enjoy a very happy life. 與將來事實相反一：虛擬語氣在條件狀語 從句中的用法。條件從句If 從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去未來過去時（were）過去完成時Would/could/should/might +V.（原）Would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.過去時2.should+V.3.

3、 were to dowould/could/should/might +V.（原）考題點擊：I am not free today. If I _free today , I _ and visit some of my friends . A. am will go B. were , would go C. shall be D. be , must go2. If my lawyer _ here last Saturday, he _ me then. A. had been , would have helped B. had been, would help C. were, w

4、ould help D. were, would have help3.If I were to see Tom, what _ you _ me to tell him? A. are ,going to ask B. do , ask C. would , ask D. did, ask二：虛擬語氣特殊句型：Wish 的賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：過去時（were）過去完成時would/could/might+V. shouldI wish I （be）a great scientist nowI wish I （see）the film yesterday.I wish she （come

5、）on time tomorrow.werehad seenwould come2. Would rather that現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：1）我寧愿你現(xiàn)在就來這里。I would rather you hadnt told me that thing yesterday.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.過去時過去時過去完成時I would rather you came here now.2）我寧愿你昨天沒有告訴我那件事3. as if /though + Clause 現(xiàn)在：過去：過去時過去完成時2）They talked as if

6、they had been friends for years.1）She loves the baby as if it were her own son.4.Its (about/high) time +that -should +V.過去時你該走了。我們該去睡覺了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 5.表示要求，命令，建議的虛擬語氣。1）賓語從句。常見動詞： 一個堅持，兩個命

7、令，三個建議，四個要求。即1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose4. demand , require, request, desire這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動詞 使用should + 動詞原形，或者將should省略。虛擬語氣Tom suggested that Ann _ the house. A. sell B. sold C. shall sell D. would sellThe father insisted his daughter _ a rich man.A. would be

8、 engaged toB. be engaged toC. should engaged toD. must be engaged to 注：insist / suggest 各有兩種意思，要用不同的語氣 insist 表示“堅決要求”時,用虛擬形式（should + do）; He insisted that all of us （should） be there on time by any means. insist 表示“堅稱，堅持說”時，用陳述語氣,表示事實。 He insisted that he was right. suggest 表示“建議”時，用虛擬形式，即 should

9、+ do; The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. suggest 表示“表明、暗示”時，用陳述語氣。 His pale face suggested that he was ill. 以上動詞相應的名詞：order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, request, desire構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣都要用should + 動詞原形，或者將should省略。 13. The teac

10、her agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. should giveC. be given D. would be given6.Without，otherwise和but for（要不是）等表示含蓄的條件,這時主句要用虛擬語氣 1）Without sunlight, peoples life would be different from today.2）But for your help, I wouldnt have finished the w

11、ork. 3）I was ill that day. Otherwise , I would have taken part in the sports meet. 7. if only 意為：要是.那該多好啊; 真希望.; 由其引起的感嘆句，謂語動詞的形式與if虛擬條件句相同?，F(xiàn)在：過去（were） 過去：過去完成 將來：would/could/ + v (2009上海春季高考題)Look at the trouble I am in! If only I _ your advice.A. followed B. would followC. had followedD. should fo

12、llow8. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 從句中的動詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動詞原形 It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. Its necessary that we hard.should study9. 某些簡單句的固定句型：常見的表示祝愿的句子中，謂語動詞常使用：1）動詞原型2）may+動詞原型 God bless you! May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Repu

13、blic of China!三： 虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點：1.錯綜時間條件句是指從句與主句的動作發(fā)生的時間不同。此時，需要按時間來確定虛擬形式。（1）從句指過去，而主句指現(xiàn)在從句： had + 過去分詞主句： would/could + 動詞原形If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.（2）從句指現(xiàn)在，而主句指過去從句： 過去式（be用were)主句： would/could + have + P.P.If he knew her, he would have talked with her.If he had not g

14、one out in the storm, he _ alive now. A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. is跟蹤練習錯綜時間條件句2.假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝。 條件從句中有should， were， had三個助動詞可以把if省略，并將這三個詞提至句首。1）If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up.2）If I had had time, I would have run round that lake again.Had I had time, I

15、 would have run round that lake again.3）If there should be a flood, what should we do?Should there be a flood, what should we do?You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove; didnt getB. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt getD. had driven; wouldnt have got歷年高考真題 How I wi

16、sh every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden!A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had -Do you mind if I open the window? -_ I feel a bit cold.A. Of course not.B. Id rather you didnt.C. Go ahead.D. Why not? What courses are you going to do next term? I dont know. But its about time _ on somethin

17、g. A. I would decide B. I decided C. I decide D. Im deciding跟蹤練習Robert wishes that he _ business instead of history when he was in university. A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. had studied跟蹤練習He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D.

18、 had come跟蹤練習虛擬語氣Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed2.It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy.He would be still alive today if he _ that drug.A.not take B.shouldnt have takenC.didnt take D.hadnt takenExercises虛擬語氣3. If only I _ to my parents! (But I didnt.) A. listened B. had listened C. should listen D. would listen4. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone虛擬語氣5. Simon looks as though he never _ a squ