外文翻譯--航空發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設計研究

1、AeroengineconditionmonitoringsystemdesignstudyDesignresearchabstract:theaircraftengineconditionmonitoringsystemforacertaintypeofaircraftengineastheresearchobject,discussedtheenginestatemonitoringsystemdesignandimplementation,thispapermainlydiscussesthestatusmonitoringsystemoftheoveralldesign,systems

2、oftwareandhardwaredevelopmentandtestingandredundancydesign,andinthedesignofenginestatemonitoringsystem,introducedtheembeddedPC/104modules.Inordertomakethestatemonitoringsystemhasabetterscalabilityandadaptability,thesystemdesignedcanworkinthreeways:airborneoperationmode,dataplaybackmodeandgroundtestr

3、unmode,throughthesewayforautomaticmonitoringofenginestateparameter,forthestateoftheenginetrendanalysis,faultdiagnosis,andastoprovidescientificbasisformaintenance.Keywords:theengineconditionmonitoring;PC/104;Redundantdesign.0.TheintroductionAsthepowersourceoftheairplaneflight,aircraftengineresearchis

4、averycomplexprocess,theaircraftenginetestasthedevelopmentofthethreepillars(calculation,manufactureandtest),oneofitsimportanceisself-evident,itturnsout,mainlyconsistedofenginetest,ratherthanbycalculationandanalysis.Forthedevelopmentofanaircraftenginegroup,isflat,howwecandecidethehowdevelopedhorizonta

5、lengine.Foraircraftenginemanufacture,conditionmonitoringisanimportantexaminationmethodofengineperformance,byconditionmonitoringandtestingworkistoadjusttheengineperformanceandbreak-in,checkthemanufacturingoroverhaulquality,finallygivestheenginefactoryperformancereportpurpose,thereforetheaccurateandre

6、liabletestmethodforstatemonitoringtoensurethequalityoftheenginehasthevitalsignificance.Asweallknow,theenginevibrationandhighnoiseintheprocessofworkandthestrongjammingsignal,allparameterstothevarietyofthemonitoringsystemputsforwardhigherrequirements.Especiallywiththeimprovementofengineperformance,rea

7、l-timemonitoringoftheparametersneededforconditionmonitoringisbecomingmoreandmorepeoplecontinuetoexplorenewtestingtechnologyformanyyears,toadapttotheincreasinglydevelopmentofenginetesttechnologyrequirements.TheconditionmonitoringsystemoveralldesignTheconditionmonitoringsystemisdesignedforacertaintype

8、ofturbofanengine,theenginemonitoringsystemoftheinputsignalispartofatotalof17analog,3road16wayswitchfrequencyandquantity,including17analog,3roadfrequencyquantitythroughthesignalconditioningcircuitintoastandardsignalconditioning,tolowerplacemachine;Under16wayswitchquantityafteradoptingthelightintoamac

9、hine.Inthedataprocessingpartoftheneedforcontinuousmonitoringofstateparametersoftheengine,sointheneedforsignalprocessing,storageandtransmission,theuppermachineatthesametime,accordingtotheneedtoreceivethesignalinrealtimeand訐samplesvaluesmorethanitsupperandlowergivealarm,includingbuzzerlowerplacemachin

10、eandsuperordinationmachinescreenalarm;PCthedatadisplaymodeincludingcurvedisplay,digitaldisplay,simulationtabledisplayandrecordthebrowsing;Thedatacommunicationbetweenuppermachineandlowermachinewayusingserialcommunication.Inordertoimprovetheextensibilityandadaptabilityofenginestatemonitoringsystem,the

11、systemdesignedcanworkinthreeways:airborneoperationmode,dataplaybackmodeandgroundtestmode,includingairborneoperationmodecanbePC/104modulesseparatelyintheformoftheairbornelaunchduringtherealflighttest,becauseofthePC/104modules,smallvolume,highreliability,hightemperatureresistanceandresistancetoadverse

12、conditions,welladaptedtotheflightenvironment,tothepartsoftheflightstateandparametersintheflightdetailsandaccurateacquisition,dataprocessingandatthesametime,allthedataarestoredinthesolidplate,inordertoperformdataplaybackandanalysisofengineperformanceinthefuture;Dataplaybackmodecanbekeptinaflighttestd

13、atasenttothePCviaaserialportcommunication,PCreceivesthedatareal-timedisplay,includingusingdigitalwatchdisplaythedataintheformofclear,atthesametimealsotosimulateimage,intheformoftableofdata,andinadditionyoucanalsochoosetousedisplaymodewiththecurvewillbetestingthestateparameterofdynamicdisplay,andfina

14、llytothereceiveddatastoredinharddisk;Groundtestmethodsorganiccombinationoftheairborneplaybackmode,operationmodeanddatawillbecollectedintheprocessofenginetestparametersareprocessed,thenreal-timetransmittingthemviaaserialporttothePC4,PCcandisplaythedatainrealtimeagainatthesametimetosavethem.Inordertoi

15、mprovethereliabilityofthesystem,makethesystemself-checkfunctionandredundantYuJiegou,accordingtothesystemfaultconditionstochangethemodulationcircuitordowntime.Accordingtotherequirementsofaircraftenginetestof20analogquantityandfrequency,andquantityof16wayswitchsamplingfrequencyissetto20ms,analogsignal

16、processingprecisionfor12,andallrecuperatedinto05V.Syntheticallyconsideringthefactors,thesystemsuppermachineandlowermachineUSESthemicrocomputer,andselectsthematurityoftheA/DconversionboardanddigitalI/Oboardtocollectsignals,anddesignedthesignaldisposalcircuitofsignalisolation,filteringandamplification

17、processing,transformationintoAstandardsignal.Softwareusedtodevelopwaystomeetthesystemrequirements.Accordingtotheworkingenvironmenttemperature,humidity,vibrationresistanceandanti-interferencerequirements,choosethePC/104bus,andlowerplacemachineandperipheralboardshavetochoosethePC/104module,inordertome

18、ettheaircraftairborneequipmentrequirementfortheweight,volume,etc.conditionmonitoringsystemhardwaredesignBasedonthesystemoveralldesign,thewholemonitoringsystemhardwareisshowninfigure1USEShardwarestructureclassifiers,byAP4PCandAPC/104intoAunit,underthelowermachineandPC/104motherboard,peripheralinterfa

19、cecard,andallkindsofcircuit,andvariousperipheralinterfacecardcircuitincluding:3PC/104A/Dconversionboard,2piecesofPC/104digitalI/Oboard,light1PC/104multi-functionacquisitionboard,terminalboard,signaldisposalcircuitswitchingcircuitandfield/testing.PC/104motherboards,PC/104A/DconversionboardandPC/104di

20、gitallighteveryI/OboardimplementationofenginesimulationsignalmeasureandfrequencyA/Dconversionandcollection,aswellastotheamountofenginedigitalsignalisolation,andsignaldataprocessingofcollection,storageandtransmission.PC/104multi-functionacquisitionboardsandself-inspection/sceneswitchingcircuitisusedt

21、oimplementthesystemself-checkingandsitedataacquisitionofswitching,andsendingself-checkingvoltage.Signalconditioningcircuittoisolation,filtering,amplifyingthesignal,theytransformintostandardsignal,andthenintoamachine.PCareusedtoimplementthedataacquisitionmachinebysendingdatareceiving,storage,displaya

22、ndalarm.3conditionmonitoringsystemsoftwaredesignOftheconditionmonitoringsystemsoftwaremodulesgoalistodevelopasetofapplicabletotheaircraftengineconditionmonitoringplatformsystem,itcanreal-timehighpressureintheengineworkingprocessspeed,throttleAngle,displacement,oilinjectionnozzlelocation,thefuelflowr

23、ate,vibrationofX,Y,atmospherictemperature,T,5,7Ttemperature,oiltemperature,oiltemperature,hydraulictemperature,carframeunderstaticpressure,thestaticpressure,highpressure,fueloilpressure,oilpressureandhydraulicoilpressure,etc.17analogand3road,frequency,and16wayswitchfordataacquisition,processing,stor

24、age,operation,suchascommunication,statusdisplayandalarmsoftwarerunningontheuppermachineandlowermachinerespectively,systemspecificfeaturesinclude:1stateparameterreal-timecollectionandprocessingInthesystem,completeenginevariousreal-timeacquisitionofstateparameter,andtheassociatedwiththestateparametero

25、fprocessingandcalculation,andthedeviationsfromthenormalrangeofstateparametersonthetag,toanalyzetheengineworkingcondition.3.2real-timestatusparametersandplaybackdatatransmissionOnthesurfaceofthetestmodeandonlinedataplaybackmode,amachineunderthePC/104collectedstatusparametersviaaserialportinreal-timet

26、ransmissiontothePC,andsavetothedatabaseonaPC.3.3statusmonitoringandreal-timedatacontrolsandrelatedtouseofdrawingtoolstosimulatetheacquisitionstateparametersofthedigitaldisplayandthetableshows,anddrawthetimecurvesothattheobservationparameteroftheparametersofthedynamicchangeandtrendofthefuture,whichca

27、nmonitortheworkingstateoftheengineatdifferenttimes,toachievethepurposeofconditionmonitoring.3.4alarmoutputandprintWhenthecollectiontothestateoftheparametervaluesdeviatefromnormalrangeafter,throughthevoicewarningcolortooperatingpersonnel,location,anddisplayalarminginformation,andallthewarningpointdat

28、acanbeextractedfordisplay,analysisandprinting.4self-checkingsystemandredundancydesign4.1self-checkingsystemsignaldisposalsystemisanimportantpartofgeneraldataacquisitionsystem,regulatewontcreateanyproblemsfordigitalsignal,however,onthechoiceofdesignandphysicalcomponentsisdifficulttoguaranteetheanalog

29、channelsignalinputandoutputequalstheabsolute,foranalogsignaldataacquisitionsystemofthemainsourceoferroristhesystemerror,sothedatamustbetakenintoaccounttheerroranderrorcorrectiontoimprovetheaccuracyofthedata,apparently,errorcorrectionismainlyinviewoftheanalogchannelisconcerned.Signalconditioningparti

30、nuseafterperiodoftimethereisadeviation,errorcharacteristicsoftheanalogchannelmayovertimeslowlychanging,digitalchannelandanalogchannelinthesystemismore,thenumberofregularmanualmeasurementoftheintegrityofeachchannelandchannelcharacteristicsisimpossible,soaself-checkingsystemisdesignedtomeetthisrequire

31、ment,thesystemofself-inspectionsystemconsistsoftwofunctions:testingthecorrectnessoftheregulatechannel;Calculationerrorcharacteristicsoftheanalogchannel.Theself-checkingsystemregularlyornotregularlybythesystemautomaticallyorartificialtriggerswitchschematicdiagram.Theimplementationoftheself-checkingpr

32、ocessisasfollows:UnderthePC/104aself-inspectionprograminthemachinethroughthePC/104multi-functionacquisitionboardstoKporttheself-checkvoltageof5V,thesystementerstheself-checkstate.throughthePC/104multi-functionacquisitionboardssentTAandTDportsrespectivelysimulatedself-checkingvoltageandvoltagedigital

33、testing.throughthePC/104A/DconversionboardandPC/104digitalI/Oboardisintrospectedthesignalacquisition.theself-inspectionprogramtoanalyzeself-checkingsignaldataprocessing.Duetotheconditionmonitoringsystemsenvironmentisverybad,andtherunningtimeoftheengineconditionmonitoringsystemisgenerallyisverylong,s

34、othesignaldisposalcircuitselectshighreliabilityofthecomponentsasfaraspossible,atthesametimeinordertopreventfailureintheoperationofthesystempartcausedbyfailure,youshouldalsouseredundantcircuitstoimprovesystemreliabilityandaccuracy,andinsomecases,monitoringsystemforeachsignalallthewaytoincreaseasamefu

35、nctionofredundancycontrolcircuit,inordertoincreaseitsreliability.Becauseofthemonitoringsystemaspartoftheairborneequipment,thereforeshouldbeonthebasisofconsideringtheequipmentvolumeupandimprovethereliabilityofsystem,thesystemmonitoringdataaccordingtothecircuitcharacteristicstoconsiderredundancycontro

36、lcircuitdesign.InthesystemofthecommunistpartyofChina17frequencyanalogand3road,whichisdividedinto6groups,signalsaregroupedasshownintable1,including17roadanalogwasdividedinto5groups,3roadfrequencyquantityis1setalone,eachgroupusethesamesignaldisposalcircuitundertakerecuperating,therefore,theredundancyo

37、fthesystemcircuitdesign,makefulluseoftheconditionsineachgroupsharearedundantsignalregulatecircuit,namelyeachgroupusethesamemodulationcircuit,respectively,usingtheoriginalcontrolsignalinnormaloperationofcircuit,whenthesetisinanywaythesignalconditioningcircuitfailureoccurs,canswitchtothestandbyredunda

38、ncycontrolcircuit,continuingstatemonitoring,soastoimprovetheaccuracyandreliabilityofsystem,duetothesignalineachgroupshareaconditioningcircuit,andwillinitiallyneedtoincreaseredundant20roadsonsignaldisposalcircuitmodulecircuit,reducedtosimplyaddno.6redundancysubcircuitforsignaldisposalcircuit,greatlyr

39、educingtheregulatethenumberofsubcircuit,andimprovetheaccuracyandreliabilityofthesystem.Accordingtotheaboveanalysisofthemonitoringsystemformonitoringsignalandmodulationcircuit,designofthenursingchildson/redundantcircuitswitchingcircuit,theeventofafailureregulatecircuitandredundantcircuitswitchingproc

40、essisasfollows：2-sinx/、y=+u(t)(14)2+smxW(t)istheoutputofthehysteresissystem.Assumingthatw(t)isequaltozero,thenthesystemisnotstable,becauseforanyx.y=2-sinx+u(t)O.Duringthesimulation,usingthegeneralized2+sinxRBFneuralnetworkformodelingofinversehysteresismodel.Inputcontrolsignalforr=6.5sin2.3tandtheout

41、putoftheneuralnetworkinversemodelforv(t),asshowninfigure3,themodelbytheneuralnetworkinversehysteresissystemundertheactionofsingleoutputfor1w(t),asshowninfigure4.Ascanbeseenfromthefigure3andfigure4,greatlyweakened,hysteresisandhysteresisphenomenonbasicallyeliminated.ParametersofPIDcontrolleris:p=70K,

42、K=0.005Kd=O.Bang-Bangcontrolruleis:A=1.5,KB=50,SpandSp12are0.03and0.02respectively.Thefigure5isnotplusBang-Bangcontrolsimulationresults,namelyfortheNPIDcontrol,figure6,7,&andBang-BangcontrolafterNBPIDcontrolsimulationresults.4conclusionHasgoodcharacteristicsthroughtheuseofgeneralizedRBFneuralnetwork

43、,directinversemodelofhysteresissystemmodeling,andthenusetheinversemodeloftheimplementationoffeedforwardcontrol,cangreatlyreducethehysteresisphenomenon.ByjoiningBang-Bangcontrol,caneffectivelycontrolerror.Ascanbeseenfromthesimulationresults,basedonfeedforwardcontrolplusBang-BangcontrolofPIDcontrol,th

44、ehysteresissystemcanbeeffectivelycontrolled.Thismethodcanalsobeextendedtoothertypesofhysteresiscontrolsystem.References:1HamdanM,GaoZQ.AnovelPIDcontrollerforpneumaticproportionalvalveswithhysteresisJ.IEEE,2000,2:1198-1201.2ZhaoHongwei,etc.Piezoelectricceramicactuatorintheapplicationofflexiblemanipul

45、atorrobotresearchJ.Journalofpiezoelectricandacoustics,2000,22(3):173-176.3ChoiGS,KimHS,ChoiGH.AstudyonpositioncontrolofpiezoelectricacuatorsA.ISIE97C.Portugal,1997.4TaoG,KokotovicPV.AdaptivecontrolofplantswithunknownhysteresisJ.IEEETrans.Autom.Contr.1995,40(2):200-212.5SUCY,StepanenkoY,SvobodaJ,etal

46、.RobustadaptivecontrolofaclassofnonlinearsystemsJ.IEEETran.Au.to.Con.2000,45(12):2427-2432.6Cruz-HernndezJM,HaywardV.PhasecontrolapproachtohysteresisreductionJ.IEEETran.onContr.Sys.Tech.2001,9(1):17-26.7HwangCL,JanC,ChenYH.PiezomechanicsusingintelliAgentvariable-structurecontrolJ.IEEETran.onIndustri

47、alElectonics.2001,48(1):47-59.8HanJM.T.A.Adriaens.WillemL.deKoning,ReinderBanning.ModelingpiezoelectricactuatorsJ.IEEE/ASMETran.Mech.2000,5(4):331-341.9wangyongjistuff.NeuralnetworkcontrolM.Machineryindustrypress,10HaykinS.NeuralNetworksM.Prentice-HallInc.1999.航空發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設計研究康文雄、李華聰、楊勇柯(1.華南理工大學,廣東廣

48、州510640;2.西北工業(yè)大學,陜西西安710072)摘要:以某型航空發(fā)動機為研究對象,討論了發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計和實現(xiàn),主要探討了狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的總體設計,軟硬件開發(fā)及自檢系統(tǒng)和冗余設計,并在發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的設計中引入了嵌入式PC/104模塊。為了使狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)具有更好的擴展性和適應性,將系統(tǒng)設計成可以在三種方式下工作:機載運行方式、數(shù)據(jù)回放方式和地面試車方式,通過這些方式對發(fā)動機狀態(tài)參數(shù)進行自動監(jiān)測,為發(fā)動機的狀態(tài)趨勢分析、故障診斷和視情維修提供科學的依據(jù)。關鍵詞:發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測;PC/104;冗余設計0.引言作為飛機飛行的動力源,航空發(fā)動機的研制是一個非常復雜的過程,而試驗作為研

49、制航空發(fā)動機的三大支柱(計算、制造和試驗)之一,其重要性不言而喻,事實證明,發(fā)動機主要是靠試驗出來的,而不是靠計算分析出來的。對于一個航空發(fā)動機的研制群體來說,具有怎平,就決定著能夠研制出怎樣水平的發(fā)動機。對于航空發(fā)動機的試制而言,狀態(tài)監(jiān)測是發(fā)動機性能的重要檢測手段,通過狀態(tài)監(jiān)測和試車工作是發(fā)動機達到調(diào)整性能、磨合運轉(zhuǎn)、檢查制造或大修質(zhì)量,最終給出發(fā)動機出廠性能報告的目的,因此采用精確可靠的測試手段來進行狀態(tài)監(jiān)測對于保證發(fā)動機質(zhì)量具有重要的意義。眾所周知,發(fā)動機工作過程中的振動大、噪聲高以及其強烈的干擾信號,都對多種參數(shù)的監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)提出了更高的要求。特別是隨著發(fā)動機性能的提高,狀態(tài)監(jiān)測時所需要實

50、時監(jiān)測的參數(shù)越來越多,多年來人們不斷探索新的測試技術,以適應日益發(fā)展著的發(fā)動機試驗技術的要求。.狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)總體設計該狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)是針對某型渦扇發(fā)動機設計的,在此發(fā)動機監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)中的輸入信號部分共有17路模擬量、3路頻率量以及16路開關量,其中17路模擬量、3路頻率量通過信號調(diào)理電路調(diào)理成標準信號,送入下位機中;16路開關量采用光隔離后送入下位機中。在數(shù)據(jù)處理部分中需要對發(fā)動機的狀態(tài)參數(shù)進行連續(xù)的監(jiān)測,因此在采用的同時需要對信號進行處理、保存和傳輸,同時上位機需要對信號進行實時接收并顯示,如果采樣值超過其上下限則給與報警,包括下位機的蜂鳴和上位機的屏幕報警;上位機中的數(shù)據(jù)顯示方式包括曲線顯示,數(shù)

51、字顯示,模擬表顯示和記錄瀏覽方式顯示;上位機和下位機之間的數(shù)據(jù)通信方式采用串行通信來進行。為了提高發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的擴展性和適應性,將系統(tǒng)設計成可以在三種方式下工作:機載運行方式、數(shù)據(jù)回放方式和地面試車方式,其中機載運行方式可以將PC/104模塊以機載的方式單獨搭載在真正的飛行試驗中,由于PC/104模塊的小體積、高可靠性、抗高溫和抗惡劣條件等優(yōu)點,很好的適應了飛行環(huán)境,可以對飛行中各部件狀態(tài)和飛行中各項參數(shù)進行詳細記錄和準確采集,并同時進行數(shù)據(jù)處理,所有的數(shù)據(jù)都保存在固態(tài)盤中,以便于日后進行數(shù)據(jù)回放和對發(fā)動機進行性能分析;數(shù)據(jù)回放方式可以將在飛行試驗中保存的數(shù)據(jù)通過串口通信傳送到上位機,上

52、位機將接收到的數(shù)據(jù)實時的顯示出來,其中利用數(shù)字表的形式將數(shù)據(jù)清楚顯示出來,同時還以模擬表的形式形象的表示出數(shù)據(jù)的變化,除此之外還可以選擇使用以曲線顯示方式將被檢測的狀態(tài)參數(shù)動態(tài)的顯示出來,最后將所接收的數(shù)據(jù)保存在硬盤中;地面試車方式有機的結(jié)合了機載運行方式和數(shù)據(jù)回放方式,將發(fā)動機試車過程中采集到的參量經(jīng)過處理,再通過串口將它們實時的傳送到上位機4,上位機再將數(shù)據(jù)實時的顯示出來,同時將它們進行保存。為提高系統(tǒng)的可靠性,使系統(tǒng)帶有自檢功能和冗余結(jié)構(gòu),根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的故障情況給與更換調(diào)理電路或停機。根據(jù)航空發(fā)動機測試的要求,對20路模擬量和頻率量,及16路開關量的采樣頻率設為20ms,模擬量信號處理精度為

53、12位,并全部調(diào)理成05V。綜合考慮各方面因素,系統(tǒng)的上位機和下位機都采用微機,同時選用成熟的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換板和數(shù)字I/O板來采集信號,并自行設計信號調(diào)理電路對信號進行隔離、濾波、放大等處理,變換成標準信號。軟件采用自行開發(fā)方式來滿足系統(tǒng)需求。根據(jù)系統(tǒng)的工作環(huán)境對溫度、濕度、抗震性和抗干擾性的要求,選用PC/104總線,同時下位機及外圍板卡都選用了PC/104模塊,以滿足航空機載設備對重量、體積等方面的要求。狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)硬件設計根據(jù)系統(tǒng)總體設計方案,整個監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)硬件采用了圖1硬件組成結(jié)構(gòu)圖分級機構(gòu),由一臺P4的上位機和一臺PC/104下位機組成,下位機又分為PC/104主機板、外圍板卡及各種電路,

54、其中外圍板卡和各種電路包括:3塊PC/104AD轉(zhuǎn)換板,2塊PC/104數(shù)字光隔1/O板,1塊PC/104多功能采集板,接線端子板,信號調(diào)理電路及現(xiàn)場/自檢切換電路PC/104主機板、PC/104AD轉(zhuǎn)換板及PC/104數(shù)字光隔I/O板實現(xiàn)對發(fā)動機模擬信號量和頻率量的A/D轉(zhuǎn)換和采集,以及對發(fā)動機數(shù)字信號量的隔離采集,并對采集的信號進行數(shù)據(jù)處理,存儲和傳輸。PC/104多功能采集板及自檢/現(xiàn)場切換電路用來實現(xiàn)對系統(tǒng)自檢和現(xiàn)場數(shù)據(jù)采集的切換,以及自檢電壓的發(fā)送。信號調(diào)理電路對信號進行隔離、濾波、放大等處理,將它們都變換成標準信號,然后送入下位機。上位機用于實現(xiàn)對數(shù)據(jù)采集機所發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)的接收、存儲、

55、顯示和報警。、狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)軟件設計該狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)軟件模塊的目標是開發(fā)一套適用于航空發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)測的平臺系統(tǒng),它可以實時的對發(fā)動機工作過程中高壓轉(zhuǎn)速、油門角度、噴口位移、油針位置、燃油流量、振動X、振動Y、大氣溫度、T5溫度、T7溫度、燃油溫度、滑油溫度、液壓溫度、車臺靜壓、外函靜壓、高壓出壓、燃油進油壓力、滑油壓力、液壓油壓力等17路模擬量和3路頻率量,以及16路開關量進行數(shù)據(jù)采集、處理、存儲、通信、狀態(tài)顯示和報警等操作,軟件分別運行在上位機和下位機上,系統(tǒng)具體功能包括:3、1實時狀態(tài)參數(shù)的采集和處理在該系統(tǒng)中,完成發(fā)動機各種狀態(tài)參數(shù)的實時采集,并對采集的狀態(tài)參數(shù)進行相關的處理和運算,并對偏離

56、正常值一定的范圍的狀態(tài)參數(shù)作上標記,以便事后對發(fā)動機工作狀況進行分析。3、2實時狀態(tài)參數(shù)和回放數(shù)據(jù)的傳輸在地面試車方式和聯(lián)機數(shù)據(jù)回放方式時,對PC/104下位機采集到的狀態(tài)參數(shù)通過串口實時的傳輸?shù)缴衔粰C,并保存到上位機的數(shù)據(jù)庫中。3、3狀態(tài)的監(jiān)測和實時數(shù)據(jù)的顯示利用相關的控件和繪圖工具對采集的狀態(tài)參數(shù)進行數(shù)字顯示和模擬表顯示,并繪制出參數(shù)的時間曲線以便于觀測參數(shù)的動態(tài)變化及未來趨勢,從而能夠監(jiān)視發(fā)動機在不同時刻的工作狀態(tài),達到狀態(tài)監(jiān)測的目的。3、4報警輸出和打印當采集到的狀態(tài)參數(shù)值偏離正常值一定的范圍后,通過聲音、位置和警示色來向操作人員顯示報警信息,并可以將所有的警告點數(shù)據(jù)提取出來進行顯示、

57、分析和打印。自檢系統(tǒng)及冗余設計4、1自檢系統(tǒng)信號調(diào)理系統(tǒng)是一般數(shù)據(jù)采集系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分,對于數(shù)字信號的調(diào)理不會產(chǎn)生任何問題,然而在設計和物理器件的選擇上難以保證模擬通道信號輸入與輸出的絕對相等,對于模擬信號來說信號調(diào)理系統(tǒng)的誤差將是整個系統(tǒng)誤差的主要來源,所以采集的數(shù)據(jù)必須考慮這個誤差并進行誤差校正以提高數(shù)據(jù)的準確性,顯然,誤差校正主要是針對模擬通道而言的。信號調(diào)理部分在使用一段時間后存在著偏差,模擬通道的誤差特性也可能隨著時間而緩慢變化,在該系統(tǒng)中數(shù)字通道和模擬通道的數(shù)量較多,定期手工測量每個通道的完好性和通道特性是不可能的,所以設計一套自檢系統(tǒng)來滿足這個要求,該系統(tǒng)的自檢系統(tǒng)包括兩個功能:檢測調(diào)理通道的正確性;計算模擬通道的誤差特性。該自檢系統(tǒng)定期或不定期的由系統(tǒng)自動進行或人工觸發(fā)進行。自檢過程的實現(xiàn)過程如下:(1)PC/104下位機中的自檢程序通過PC/104多功能采集板向端口K發(fā)出5V的自檢電壓,此時系統(tǒng)進入自檢狀態(tài)。通過PC/104多功能采集板分別向TA和TD端口發(fā)出模擬自檢電壓和數(shù)字自檢電壓。(3)通過PC/104A/D轉(zhuǎn)換板和PC/104數(shù)字I/O板進行自檢信號的采集。(4)自檢程序?qū)ψ詸z信號數(shù)據(jù)進行分析處理。4、2冗余設計由于該狀態(tài)監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)所處的環(huán)境極為惡劣,以及發(fā)動機狀態(tài)監(jiān)