APQP過程介紹(PPT-98頁)課件

1、Module Introduction組成部分介紹Introduction to the APQP ProcessAPQP過程介紹1-12Feedback Assessment & Corrective Action反饋、評估和糾正措施Product & Process Validation產(chǎn)品與過程確認(rèn)Process Design & Development過程設(shè)計和開發(fā)Product Design & Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)Prototype Build樣件制造Plan & Define計劃與定義1-2APQP Systemic FlowAPQP 系統(tǒng)流程1-3-EAPQP

2、Systemic FlowAPQP 系統(tǒng)流程APQP過程流程精致工藝資源決定顧客輸入要求小組可行性承諾圖紙/規(guī)范P-圖失效模式和后果分析規(guī)范和目標(biāo)（VDS/SDS/CDS）車輛/系統(tǒng)/子系統(tǒng)/部件的設(shè)計設(shè)計失效模式后果分析（DFMEA）圖紙/規(guī)范（文件/電子檔）設(shè)計驗證計劃（DVP）樣件制造控制計劃樣件制造測量系統(tǒng)評價（尺寸控制）設(shè)施/工具/量具制造過程流程操作工過程指導(dǎo)書（過程定義）試生產(chǎn)控制計劃過程失效模式后果分析（PFMEA）操作工過程指導(dǎo)書（驗證和培訓(xùn)）生產(chǎn)控制計劃產(chǎn)品試生產(chǎn)初始過程能力生產(chǎn)確認(rèn)試驗零件提交保證書（PSW）向前的信息流向后的信息流設(shè)計/制造評審（在所有APQP要素后）1

3、-3-CAccessing the APQP Guidelines訪問 APQP 指南Both the Guideline and the forms are available.指南和表格均可由此獲得。/apqp1-4APQP Generic Program Gantt Chart1-5Matrix for Quality Planning質(zhì)量策劃矩陣1-6Module Introduction組成部分介紹Plan and Define計劃與定義1-7Process Flow過程流程Feedback Assessment & Corrective Action反饋、評估和糾正措施Produc

4、t & Process Validation產(chǎn)品與過程確認(rèn)Process Design & Devel opment過程設(shè)計和開發(fā)Product Design & Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)Prototype Build樣件制造Plan & Define計劃與定義1-8Sourcing Decision資源決定It is a document that advises internal and external suppliers of key contact personnel within Ford (STA, purchasing, engineers, etc.).是內(nèi)、外部

5、供方與 Ford （STA、采購、工程等）協(xié)商關(guān)鍵聯(lián)絡(luò)人的文件。 It serves as a formal customer commitment to work with all internal and external part suppliers, tooling suppliers, and facility suppliers on a program. 作為與項目中的內(nèi)、外部零件供方、工裝供方和設(shè)施供方共同工作的正式對顧客的承諾。1-9Sourcing Decision Expectations資源決定的期望All internal and external suppliers

6、 for a program are identified 項目所有的內(nèi)、外部供方已經(jīng)確定Early sourcing target agreements are established and signed by appropriate areas由適當(dāng)?shù)膮^(qū)域建立并簽署早期資源指標(biāo)協(xié)議All non-Q1 suppliers are identified所有非 Q1 供方已經(jīng)確定Special arrangements for non-Q1 suppliers are identified非 Q1 供方的特殊安排已經(jīng)確定A program timeline, aligned to FPDS,

7、 is established from to 已經(jīng)建立了從 到 的、與 FPDS 一致的項目時間安排1-10Sourcing Decision Checklist資源決定檢查清單1-11Customer Input Requirements顧客輸入要求The Customer Input Requirements element ensures that the program team appropriately assesses the potential manufacturing, process, and design issues early in the product dev

8、elopment phase.顧客輸入要求要素為了要讓項目小組，在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)階段適當(dāng)?shù)脑u估潛在的制造、過程和設(shè)計問題。 Customer Input Requirements are the design criteria and the program requirements necessary to initiate the APQP process. 顧客輸入要求是啟動 APQP 過程的必要的設(shè)計準(zhǔn)則和項目要求。1-12Customer Input Requirements Expectations顧客輸入要求期望Issues from surrogate components or p

9、lants are identified and addressed with product and manufacturing.已經(jīng)識別了暫時代替的零部件或工廠的問題，并解決了生產(chǎn)和制造問題Component targets and product assumptions are defined.已經(jīng)定義了零部件指標(biāo)和產(chǎn)品假設(shè)Targets for TGW, TGR, Warranty, Useful Life Reliability, and Incoming Quality are established.已經(jīng)建立 TGW、TGR、保證、使用壽命可靠性和進(jìn)貨質(zhì)量指標(biāo)Capacity p

10、lanning volumes are defined.生產(chǎn)量策劃值已定義1-13Customer Input Expectations (Continued)顧客輸入要求期望（續(xù)）System component designs and specifications should include:系統(tǒng)部件設(shè)計和規(guī)范應(yīng)該包括： Product assumptions 產(chǎn)品假設(shè)Functional performance性能表現(xiàn)Dimensions幾何尺寸 Weight重量 Material材料 Reliability and quality goals可靠性和質(zhì)量目標(biāo)1-14Customer

11、Input Checklist顧客輸入檢查清單1-15Craftsmanship is an assessment of what the customer sees, touches, uses, hears, and smells. It affects design and manufacturing, and it improves the overall perception of value.精致工藝是對顧客看到的、感覺到的、使用的、聽到的和聞到的評估。影響設(shè)計和生產(chǎn)，并改進(jìn)全面感官的價值。 Craftsmanship精致工藝1-16Craftsmanship Expectatio

12、ns精致工藝期望Obtain Craftsmanship targets and objectives to develop Craftsmanship plans獲得精致工藝 指標(biāo)和目標(biāo)以開發(fā)精致工藝計劃Develop the Craftsmanship strategy開發(fā)精致工藝戰(zhàn)略Implement a plan to achieve Craftsmanship targets實施計劃以達(dá)到精致工藝指標(biāo) Integrate plans to support the final Craftsmanship theme 整合各項計劃以支持最終精致工藝計劃Ensure that the de

13、sign and manufacturing processes comply with Craftsmanship strategy and plans 確保設(shè)計和制造過程符合精致工藝戰(zhàn)略和計劃Identify and resolve Craftsmanship issues that arise識別并解決發(fā)生的精致工藝問題1-17Craftsmanship Checklist精致工藝檢查清單1-18Team Feasibility Commitment小組可行性承諾The Team Feasibility Commitment element determines whether the

14、proposed design can be manufactured within the programs guidelines and specifications.小組可行性承諾要素確定了建議的設(shè)計是否能根據(jù)項目指南和規(guī)范進(jìn)行制造 The goals of this element are to verify that all of the:本要素的目的是驗證所有：Activities agree that they can produce the product within specifications.活動可以生產(chǎn)符合規(guī)范的產(chǎn)品Feasibility concerns are r

15、esolved and necessary product and process changes are completed before first production prove-outs (1PP).在第一預(yù)生產(chǎn)單元建立（1PP）前解決可行性問題和必要的產(chǎn)品和過程更改.1-19Team Feasibility Commitment Expectations小組可行性承諾期望 The program team must establish a formal feasibility process and document.項目小組必須建立正式的可行性過程和文件。Feasibilitie

16、s are tracked and major feasibility concerns can be resolved before Production Trial Run.在產(chǎn)品試生產(chǎn)前追蹤可行性，并解決可行性涉及的重要問題。WERS and AIMS concerns are resolved, and the product can be manufactured to meet Cp/Cpk and tolerance requirements.解決了WERS 和 AIMS 設(shè)計的問題，可以在滿足Cp/Cpk 和公差要求的情況下制造產(chǎn)品。Suppliers and subsuppl

17、iers were part of the feasibility process.供方和分承包方式可行性過程的一部分。1-20Team Feasibility Commitment Checklist小組可行性承諾檢查清單1-21Module Introduction組成部分介紹Product Design and Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)1-22Product Design and Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)Feedback Assessment & Corrective Action反饋、評估和糾正措施Product & Process Validation產(chǎn)品與過

18、程確認(rèn)Process Design & Devel opment過程設(shè)計和開發(fā)Product Design & Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)Prototype Build樣件制造Plan & Define計劃與定義1-23Elements要素Design FMEA設(shè)計 FMEADVP&R設(shè)計驗證計劃和報告 Subcontractor/Subsupplier APQP Status分承包方/分供方 APQP 狀態(tài)Drawings and Specifications圖樣和規(guī)范1-24Design FMEA設(shè)計 FMEAA group of activities intended to:一

19、組活動，用于:Identify potential: 識別潛在的:Product failure modes early in the product development phase產(chǎn)品開發(fā)階段的早期產(chǎn)品失效模式 Product design safety concerns產(chǎn)品設(shè)計安全涉及的問題 Significant/critical/special characteristics重要/關(guān)鍵/特殊特性Establish a priority for design improvement actions 為設(shè)計改進(jìn)活動建立優(yōu)先順序Document the rationale behind

20、product design changes to the development of future product designs將產(chǎn)品設(shè)計變更中的思路文件化，作為未來產(chǎn)品設(shè)計的開發(fā)的輸入1-25DFMEA ExpectationsDFMEA 期望Completing DFMEAs that focus on what has changed in the design and its effect on the entire system完成關(guān)注設(shè)計中進(jìn)行的更改及其對整個系統(tǒng)的影響的 DFMEACreating a list of potential Special Characteri

21、stics (YC, YS) resulting from DFMEAs or equivalent analysis建立 DFMEA 或類似的分析輸出的潛在特殊特性 (YC, YS) 清單Addressing lessons learned and quality issues found in element 2, Customer Input Requirement解決在要素 2，顧客輸入要求中發(fā)現(xiàn)的質(zhì)量問題和學(xué)到的經(jīng)驗Ensuring that the DFMEA info is sent to PFMEA teams, including the special characteri

22、stics list確保將 DFMEA 信息，包括特殊特性清單傳遞給 PFMEA 小組1-26Design FMEA Checklist設(shè)計 FMEA 檢查清單1-27DVP&R設(shè)計驗證計劃和報告 Lists the engineering evaluations and tests required to establish that a design is fit for use in the intended environment列出建立適于在預(yù)期的環(huán)境中使用的設(shè)計所要求的工程評價和試驗Assists Product Development (PD) in verifying and

23、documenting the functionality, reliability, and durability of the vehicles design through planned tests and evaluations協(xié)助產(chǎn)品開發(fā)（PD）按計劃的試驗和評價，驗證和文件化車輛設(shè)計的功能性、可靠性和耐久性Documents the plans and reports for Design Verification of a given design將對給定設(shè)計進(jìn)行設(shè)計驗證的策劃和報告文件化Identifies tests, acceptance criteria, sample

24、 sizes, and completion dates in a standard format以標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的形式確定試驗、接受準(zhǔn)則、樣本容量和完成日期1-28DVP&R Expectations設(shè)計驗證計劃和報告期望Corrective action plans must be completed for any test result that does not meet design spec and reliability goals必須針對任何沒有滿足設(shè)計期望和可靠性目標(biāo)的試驗結(jié)果完成糾正措施計劃The DVP&R must:DVP&R 必須： Align with PQOS deliv

25、erables配合 PQOS 可交付性 Provide inputs to complete reports and proformas向完成報告和形式提供輸入Identify any specific tests, methods, equipment, acceptance criteria, sample sizes, design level, and timing確定任何特殊的試驗、方法、設(shè)備、接收準(zhǔn)則、樣本容量、設(shè)計等級和時間安排1-29DVP&R Checklist設(shè)計驗證計劃和報告檢查清單1-30Subcontractor APQP Status分承包方 APQP 狀態(tài)The

26、Subcontractor APQP Status element identifies and reports on the condition of external contractors (i.e., suppliers) and subcontractors APQP process. 分承包方 APQP 狀態(tài)要素確定和報告外部承包方（例如供方）和分承包方 APQP 過程的狀況Internal and external suppliers identify APQP requirements by cascading program targets APQP requirements

27、 to their subcontractors, and by conducting APQP reviews, as appropriate.內(nèi)部和外部供方通過向分承包方逐級傳遞項目指標(biāo) APQP 要求和適當(dāng)時進(jìn)行 APQP 評審確定 APQP 要求1-31Subcontractor Expectations分承包方期望Subcontractor APQP Status general expectations are that all internal and external suppliers must: 分承包方 APQP 狀態(tài)的總的期望是所有內(nèi)部和外部供方必須：Assess th

28、e risk and specify the level of their subcontractors APQP participation評估風(fēng)險和確定它們的分承包方參與 APQP 的等級 Cascade APQP requirements to their subcontractors向它們的分承包方逐級傳遞 APQP 要求 Hold regularly scheduled APQP review meetings with their subcontractors有規(guī)律的與分承包方會議，進(jìn)行安排好的 APQP 評審 1-32Subcontractor APQP Checklist分承包

29、方 APQP 檢查清單1-33Drawing and Specifications圖樣和規(guī)范This element provides an evaluation of the development of targets and specifications to be input to the design process and drawings.本要素提供對輸入到設(shè)計過程和圖樣的指標(biāo)和規(guī)范的開發(fā)的評價。These drawings include all engineering drawings, CAD data, material specifications, and engin

30、eering specifications.這些圖樣包括所有工程圖樣、CAD 數(shù)據(jù)、材料規(guī)范和工程規(guī)范。1-34Drawing and Specifications Expectations圖樣和規(guī)范期望Program Need Dates are communicated and agreed to by effected areas.項目所需數(shù)據(jù)由受到影響的區(qū)域進(jìn)行溝通和批準(zhǔn)。SCs and CCs are identified on the drawings or attached documents.在圖樣和附帶文件中確定 SC 和 CC。Tolerances and part spe

31、cs are compatible with accepted manufacturing standards for gauges and equipment.公差和零件規(guī)格與量具和設(shè)備的可接受的制造標(biāo)準(zhǔn)一致。Drawings and specifications must include:圖樣和規(guī)范必須包括： Engineering specification tests工程規(guī)范試驗 Product validation test requirements產(chǎn)品確認(rèn)試驗要求 Documentation to support prototype build and pre-launch con

32、trol plan development文件化以支持樣件制造和試生產(chǎn)控制計劃的開發(fā) 1-35Drawing and Specifications Expectations (Continued)圖樣和規(guī)范期望（續(xù)）The drawing information and engineering specifications will be used as a prerequisite to the PBCP. 圖樣信息和工程規(guī)范將作為樣件制造控制計劃（ PBCP） 的先決條件。Material used by the suppliers or the subcontractors must b

33、e approved and included in the Ford Approved Source list.供方或分承包方使用的材料，必須被批準(zhǔn)并包含在福特批準(zhǔn)資源清單內(nèi)。PD and ME personnel will assess drawings and specifications to ensure they meet the programs ABS and quality requirements.PD 和 ME 人員將評估圖樣和規(guī)范，以確保滿足項目 ABS 和質(zhì)量要求。1-36Drawings and Specifications Checklist圖樣和規(guī)范檢查清單1-

34、37Module Introduction組成部分介紹Prototype Build樣件制造1-38Process Flow過程流程Feedback Assessment & Corrective Action反饋、評估和糾正措施Product & Process Validation產(chǎn)品與過程確認(rèn)Process Design & Devel opment過程設(shè)計和開發(fā)Product Design & Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)Prototype Build樣件制造Plan & Define計劃與定義1-39Prototype Build Overview樣件制造概述APQP Pro

35、totype Build elements support the successful planning and construction of Prototype Build units, which provide an understanding of the vehicles:APQP 樣件制造要素支持樣件制造單位的成功的策劃和構(gòu)造，提供對于車輛的如下理解：Design設(shè)計Functionality功能性Manufacturability可制造性1-40Prototype Build Elements樣件制造要素The PBCP supports the planning and c

36、onstruction of prototypes by documenting the process steps of the Prototype Build phase.PBCP 通過將樣件制造階段的過程步驟文件化支持樣件的策劃和構(gòu)造。The Prototype Build ensures that the customer receives CPs manufactured and assembled prior to 1PP.樣件制造確保顧客在 1PP 前收到制造和裝配好的 CP。1-41PBCP (Prototype Build Control Plan) DefinitionPB

37、CP（樣件制造控制計劃）定義The PBCP description of the dimensional measurements and material/functional tests that occur during the CP build.PBCP 描述了發(fā)生在 CP 制造中的尺寸測量和材料/功能試驗It is the first summary document that indicates:是說明如下事項的摘要文件：The steps between Prototype Build and Pre-Launch leading to the Production Contr

38、ol Plan產(chǎn)生生產(chǎn)控制計劃的樣件制造和試生產(chǎn)之間的步驟The process steps to identify and align both the products characteristics and its targets識別和調(diào)整產(chǎn)品特性及其指標(biāo)的過程步驟1-42PBCP General ExpectationsPBCP 總的期望Product characteristics are reviewed評審產(chǎn)品特性Those characteristics required for PBCPs are identified.確定 PBCP 所要求的特性。All potential

39、 significant and critical characteristics from the DFMEAs must be included.必須包括 DFMEA 輸出的所有潛在重要和關(guān)鍵特性。The process parameter conditions must be documented.過程參數(shù)條件必須被文件化。This includes all special tooling, manufacturing, and assembly conditions.包括所有特殊工具、制造和裝配條件。1-43PBCP ChecklistPBCP 檢查清單1-44Prototype Bu

40、ild樣件制造Defines the manufacture and assembly of components, subsystems, systems, and vehicles supplied to the customer for builds occurring prior to the 1PP trial run 定義在 1PP 試運行前的樣件制造，以提供給零部件、子系統(tǒng)、系統(tǒng)和車輛的制造和裝配。Includes not only the actual build process, but the preparation for the build so that CPs ar

41、e supplied to the customer prior to 1PP不僅包括實際的制造過程，而且包括為了在 1PP 前將 CP 提交給顧客而進(jìn)行的制造準(zhǔn)備1-45Prototype Build Expectations樣件制造期望PBCPs are followed.按照 PBCP 進(jìn)行Suppliers receive all necessary information and participate according to the programs schedule and timing.供方收到所有必要的信息并按照項目時間安排定時參與The timing for change

42、s will be in line with the next build phase.更改的時間選擇應(yīng)該符合下一個制造階段。All prototype materials must meet 100 percent of the dimensional specifications and functional requirements at delivery to meet the CP In-Plant Date.交付時所有樣件材料必須 100% 滿足尺寸規(guī)范和功能要求以滿足 CP 進(jìn)廠日期。1-46Prototype Build Expectations (Continued)樣件制造

43、期望（續(xù)）Quality levels are checked against the PBCP.按照 PBCP 檢查質(zhì)量等級。Dimensional and functional data is available for review by the customer on each part.顧客可以獲得每個零件的尺寸和功能數(shù)據(jù)以進(jìn)行評審。Suppliers provide customers with any testing and checking requirements for prove-out of their part design.供方向顧客提供所有試驗和檢查要求以證明零件

44、設(shè)計是適當(dāng)?shù)摹n Action Matrix is developed to capture and resolve all concerns found during build and any subsequent lab, plant, and/or road testing, and all concerns are reviewed with the program team and appropriate management.開發(fā)“措施矩陣”以獲得和解決在制造和所有試驗室、工廠和/或道路試驗中并發(fā)的問題，和所有項目小組及適當(dāng)?shù)墓芾韺釉u審的問題。1-47Prototype Bui

45、ld Checklist樣件制造檢查清單1-48Module Introduction組成部分介紹Process Design and Development過程設(shè)計和開發(fā)1-49Process Flow過程流程Feedback Assessment & Corrective Action反饋、評估和糾正措施Product & Process Validation產(chǎn)品與過程確認(rèn)Process Design & Devel opment過程設(shè)計和開發(fā)Product Design & Development產(chǎn)品設(shè)計和開發(fā)Prototype Build樣件制造Plan & Define計劃與定義1-

46、50Elements要素Facilities, Tools, and Gauges1. 設(shè)施、工具和量具2. Manufacturing Process Flow2. 制造過程流程3. Process FMEA3. 過程 FMEA4. Measurement System Evaluation4. 測量系統(tǒng)評價5. Pre-Launch Control Plan5. 試生產(chǎn)控制計劃6. Operator Process Instructions6. 操作工過程指導(dǎo)書7. Packaging Specifications7. 包裝規(guī)范1-51Facilities, Tools, and Gaug

47、es (8)設(shè)施、工具和量具(8)This element identifies the new, additional, refurbished, and relocated facilities and resources necessary to manufacture the customer-specified product at designated quantity and quality levels. 本要素確定了以規(guī)定的數(shù)量和質(zhì)量等級制造顧客指定的產(chǎn)品所需的新的、額外的、更新的和重新部署的設(shè)施和資源。The element also identifies the tool

48、s and gauges used in process machinery to transform raw material into finished parts or assemblies. 本要素還確定了用于將原材料轉(zhuǎn)換為完成的零件或組裝件的機械加工過程的工具和量具。1-52Expectations期望The planning and execution of this element must align with: to milestones PQOS Deliverables 本要素的計劃和執(zhí)行必須配合 里程碑 到 PQOS 需交付的事務(wù)Facility permits, pl

49、anning approval, drawings, and utilities must be included on the Manufacturing Timing Plan. In addition, funding approvals must be completed.制造時間計劃中必須包括設(shè)施許可、計劃批準(zhǔn)、圖樣和效用。另外，必須完成資金批準(zhǔn)。The program team must approve statistical requirements and acceptance criteria before sourcing of tools or gauges can be

50、 made. 在可以進(jìn)行工具和量具的外包之前，項目小組必須批準(zhǔn)統(tǒng)計要求和接收準(zhǔn)則。1-53Expectations (Continued)期望（續(xù)）All tools and gauges must comply with Tooling and Equipment Supplement requirements.所有工具和量具必須符合工裝和設(shè)備補充要求。Trial runs should occur at the machine builders location to qualify all tools.應(yīng)該在機械制造者的現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行試運行，以驗證所有工具合格。All corrective a

51、ctions for facilities, tools, and gauges not meeting customer requirements must be completed before the Production Trial Run.必須在產(chǎn)品試生產(chǎn)前完成針對不滿足顧客要求的設(shè)施、工具和量具的所有糾正措施。Tools and gauges must be delivered, set up, and approved in their specified facilities before the Production Trial Run. 產(chǎn)品試生產(chǎn)前工具和量具必須以制定的設(shè)

52、施交付、安裝和批準(zhǔn)。1-54Facilities, Tools, and Gauging Checklist設(shè)施、工具和量具檢查清單1-55Manufacturing Process Flow (13)制造過程流程（13）This element is a graphic representation of the current or proposed sequence of the manufacturing process to ensure that the process definition, PFMEA, and Control Plans can be created and

53、analyzed in the appropriate sequence.本要素制造過程的當(dāng)前的或建議的次序的圖解表示，以確保以適當(dāng)?shù)拇涡蚪⒑头治鲞^程定義、PFMEA 和控制計劃。1-56Manufacturing Process Flow Expectations制造過程流程期望Manufacturing Process Flow general expectations are that:制造過程流程總的期望是：A cross-functional team led by VO Engineering develops a Manufacturing Process flowchart

54、to serve as an input to PFMEAs.由 VO 工程領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的橫向職能小組開發(fā)制造過程流程圖作為 PFMEA 的輸入。The process flowcharts are developed using PFMEAs and surrogate processes to serve as input for new processes and technologies.使用 PFMEA 和替代的過程開發(fā)過程流程圖，作為新過程和技術(shù)的輸入。The current production flowcharts may be modified to show revisions t

55、o the process flow.可以修改當(dāng)前的生產(chǎn)流程圖，以顯示對過程流程的修改。1-57Manufacturing Process Flow Checklist制造過程流程檢查清單1-58Process FMEA (14) 過程 FMEA (14)The PFMEA is a systematic approach used by a manufacturing-responsible team to ensure that potential process-related failure modes and their associated causes have been con

56、sidered and resolved.PFMEA 是制造職責(zé)小組使用的確保已經(jīng)考慮并解決了潛在的與過程相關(guān)的失效模式及其相關(guān)原因的系統(tǒng)化的方法。1-59Expectations期望All Process FMEAs are prepared by a cross-functional team led by Manufacturing Engineering following the steps defined in the FMEA guideline.所有過程 FMEA 以制造工程為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的橫向職能小組按照 FMEA 指南中定義的步驟進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)備。Process FMEAs must be

57、 established any time that: 當(dāng)存在如下事項時，必須建立過程 FMEA： New processes, technologies, products, or product features are introduced. 引入新的過程、技術(shù)、產(chǎn)品或產(chǎn)品特征。Quality risks are identified that cannot be resolved through design changes. 確定質(zhì)量風(fēng)險不能通過設(shè)計變更加以解決。Major quality concerns have not been resolved during the curr

58、ent production model year.在當(dāng)前的生產(chǎn)模型年中，沒有解決重大的涉及質(zhì)量的問題。1-60Expectations (Continued)期望（續(xù)）List of recommended actions and lessons learned is incorporated in the process (continuous improvement).將列出的“建議措施”和學(xué)到的經(jīng)驗和并在過程（持續(xù)改進(jìn)）中。Poke-a-Yoke has been used in addressing corrective actions.制定糾正措施中使用防錯方法（Poke-a-Yo

59、ke）。1-61Process FMEA Checklist過程 FMEA 檢查清單Process FMEA 1-62Measurement System Evaluation (15)測量系統(tǒng)評價（15）This element assesses the variation of the measurement system, and determines whether it is acceptable for monitoring the production process.本要素評估測量系統(tǒng)的變差，確定是否可以接受測量系統(tǒng)監(jiān)控生產(chǎn)過程。1-63Expectations期望Correl

60、ation standards are reached and agreed to with the customer for duplicate gauges or test equipment.已達(dá)到相同的測量或試驗設(shè)備的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和顧客的批準(zhǔn)。Gauge instructions and visual aids to ensure appropriate use of gauge and test equipment in production.測量指導(dǎo)書和目視輔具確保在生產(chǎn)中適當(dāng)?shù)氖褂脺y量和試驗設(shè)備。All measurement systems (gauges and test equ