必修1Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero

1、 最近，李越被評為你們班的“每周之星”。請你根據(jù)她的事跡（在上周六下午，不顧天氣炎熱，為班級選購歌詠比賽服裝），用英語為班級板報(bào)寫一篇100120個(gè)詞的短文。 （2010浙江）你的文章應(yīng)包括下列要點(diǎn)：1. 李越的事跡及其對同學(xué)的影響； 2. 你的評論。參考詞匯：singing contest歌詠比賽 costume 服裝范文背誦Star Student of the Week Li Yue has been awarded the title of “Star Student of the Week” for what she did for our class. On the hot aft

2、ernoon of last Saturday, Li Yue went downtown and walked from one store to another, looking for the costumes we would wear in the singing contest. While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting. Finally, she fo

3、und the right clothes. Deeply moved by her efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest. Li Yue is always warm-hearted and cares a lot about the class. Besides, she often devotes her spare time to helping others. She has set a good example for us. Therefore, she deserves the hon

4、or and we should learn from her. 句型背誦 While the rest of us were enjoying our leisure time in cool and comfortable rooms, she spent the whole afternoon searching and selecting.Deeply moved by her efforts, we tried our best and won the first prize in the contest. 1. _ n. 質(zhì)量；品質(zhì)；性質(zhì) _ n. 數(shù)量 2. _ adj. 吝嗇的

5、；自私的；卑鄙的3. _ adj. 積極的；活躍的 _ n. 活動；社交活動 _ n. 行動；動作4. _ adj. 慷慨的；大方的 _ adv. 寬大地5. _ n. 自我；自身 _ adj. 自私的 _ adj. 無私的；忘我的 _ adv. 無私地；忘我地6. _ vt. （與 to連用）獻(xiàn)身；專心于 _ adj. 忠實(shí)的；深愛的 _ n. 獻(xiàn)身；忠心7. _ adj. 和平的；平靜的；安寧的 _ n. 和平；安寧 _ adv. 愛好和平地；寧靜地；安詳?shù)?. _ n. 指導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo) _ n. 指導(dǎo)者；導(dǎo)向器 _ vt. 指導(dǎo)9. _ adj. 法律的；依照法律的 _ adv. 合法地 _

6、 adj. 非法的10. _ vi.& vt.投票；選舉；n.投票；選票；表決 _ n. 投票者；有投票（選舉）權(quán)者 11. _ vt. 進(jìn)攻；攻擊；抨擊12. _ adj. 相等的；平等的 _ adv. 相等地；平等地 _ adj. 不相等的；不平等的13. _ adj. 不公正的；不公平的 _ adj. 公正的；公平的14. _ vi.逃脫；逃走；泄露 15. _ vt. 教育；訓(xùn)練 _ n.教育 _ adj. 受過教育的；有教養(yǎng)的 答案:1.quality; quantity 2.mean 3.active; activity; action4.generous; generously

7、5.self; selfish; selfless; selflessly6.devote; devoted; devotion 7.peaceful; peace; peacefully8.guidance; guider; guide 9.legal; legally; illegal10.vote; voter 11.attack 12.equal; equally; unequal13.unfair; fair 14.escape 15.educate; education; educated1. _ _ work 失業(yè) 2. as a _ of fact 事實(shí)上3. blow _ 使

8、充氣；爆炸4. _ trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中5. turn _ 求助于；致力于6. lose _ 喪失勇氣或信心 7. _ _ power 當(dāng)權(quán)；上臺8. set _ 設(shè)立；建立 9. be _ to 被判處（徒刑）答案:1.out of 2.matter 3.up 4.in 5.to 6.heart e to 8.up 9.sentenced 1.The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次見到納爾遜曼德拉的時(shí)候，是我一生中非常艱難的時(shí)期。2.onl

9、y then _ _ _ to answer violence with violence. 只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。3.I felt bad _ _ _ I talked to a group. 第一次給旅行團(tuán)作講解時(shí)，我的心情很不好。答案:1.when 2.did we decide 3.the first time1.quality n.U&C 質(zhì)，質(zhì)量，品質(zhì);特性 C性質(zhì)；特性；特點(diǎn)For study, quality often matters more than quantity. 就學(xué)習(xí)而言，質(zhì)量往往比數(shù)量更重要。Modesty is one of his go

10、od qualities. 謙虛是他的美德之一。One quality of wood is that it can burn.木料的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是可燃燒。溫馨提示：quality與quantity 的區(qū)別:quality 質(zhì)量;quantity 數(shù)量。Quantities of food was on the table. 桌上擺了大量的食物。 【即學(xué)即練】完成句子 (原創(chuàng))他仔細(xì)地檢查家具的質(zhì)量。 He examined _ _ _ _ _ . 他具備了一個(gè)成功商人應(yīng)具有的所有品質(zhì)。 He has _ _ _ of a successful businessman. 答案:the qualit

11、y of the furniture all the qualities2.devote vt.獻(xiàn)身；專心于He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science. 他開始研究生態(tài)學(xué)，并決心將他的一生獻(xiàn)身于這門科學(xué)。Please devote more time to your work. 請把更多的時(shí)間用于工作。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：devote ones energy/ones time to (doing) sth.奉獻(xiàn)某人的精力/時(shí)間于某事sb. be devoted to (doing) st

12、h. 某人獻(xiàn)身做某事【即學(xué)即練】完成句子他的一生都奉獻(xiàn)給了中國的航空事業(yè)。 He _ _ _ to Chinas aviation.他專心于幫助窮困的人。 He is devoted to _ _ _ .答案:devoted all his life helping the poor溫馨提示：在devote.to.短語中，to是介詞，后面接名詞或動詞ing。常見的類似短語還有：pay attention to（注意）; stick to（堅(jiān)持）; lead to（導(dǎo)致）; prefer. to（相比更喜歡）; look forward to（盼望）等。【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空The idea fo

13、r the new machine came to Mr Baker _ to his invention. (2010陜西師大附中11月月考) A. while he was devotedB. while devoting C. while devoting himself D. while devoted解析:選A?？疾閎e devoted to這一結(jié)構(gòu)。注意不要誤選C項(xiàng)，因?yàn)橹骶涞闹髡Zthe idea與從句的主語Mr Baker/he不一致，因此從句中的主語和謂語動詞he was不能省略。3.equal adj. 平等的；相等的；勝任的 vt. 等于，比得上 n. 同等/相等的人或物A

14、ll people are born equal. 人人生來平等。Bill is quite equal to running the office.比爾能勝任辦公室的管理工作。Three times five is the equal of ten plus five.三乘以五與十加五結(jié)果相等?！舅儆浢砍Ｓ媒Y(jié)構(gòu)：be equal to sth./doing sth. 勝任某事/做某事be equal with 與平等without equal/have no equal 無與倫比/無比【即學(xué)即練】完成句子你能勝任這項(xiàng)工作嗎？ Are you _ _ the task? 他們認(rèn)為，在上帝眼

15、中窮人和富人是平等的。 They believe that in the sight of God the poor _ _ _ _ the rich. 在中國，姚明是個(gè)無與倫比的籃球隊(duì)員。 Yao Ming is a basketball player _ _ in China.答案:equal to are equal with without equal單項(xiàng)填空 （原創(chuàng)）He doubted whether she would be _ to the job. A.equalB.similar C.familiarD.content解析:選A。be equal to sth. 勝任，符合

16、句意。4.reward n. 報(bào)答；酬金（為某些特殊服務(wù)提供或給予的金錢） vt.酬謝，獎賞；報(bào)應(yīng)；懲罰（壞人或壞事）Its a reward for virtue.那是對美德的回報(bào)。 He worked hard but without much reward. 他工作很努力，但是報(bào)酬卻很少。He will sooner or later be rewarded for bad deeds.他遲早會因他的壞行為而受到報(bào)應(yīng)。溫馨提示：reward v.作“報(bào)答,報(bào)償;酬謝;獎勵”講時(shí)，常跟介詞with/for 連用；作“報(bào)應(yīng);懲罰(壞人或壞事)”講時(shí)，跟for連用。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：as a rewa

17、rd (for) 作為（對某事的）報(bào)酬（或獎賞）give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 為某事而給某人報(bào)酬in reward for 為酬答；作為獎勵reward sb.(with.)for sth. 為某事（而以）報(bào)答reward sb. for sth. 因某事使某人得到報(bào)應(yīng)或懲罰【即學(xué)即練】完成句子她的善良沒有得到任何回報(bào)。 She got nothing _ _ _ her kindness.他用一個(gè)獎勵來報(bào)答我。 He _ _ _ a prize. 他們給了他獎賞，作為他服務(wù)的報(bào)酬。 They _ _ _ his great services. =Th

18、ey rewarded his great services.答案:in reward for rewarded me with rewarded him for【易混辨析】reward/award/prizereward表示“獎賞，酬謝”，動詞只能以人或人的行為作賓語，名詞表示某人因做了某事而應(yīng)得到某東西。award 作名詞指正式或官方“給予、頒發(fā)、授予”（獎?wù)?，獎金等），也可以指法庭裁決；作動詞可以跟雙賓語，award sb. sth. 把某物授予/判給某人。prize 只能作名詞,表示“獎賞,獎金,獎品”,尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽(yù)。 【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空The girl got nothi

19、ng in _ for her kindness, which made her very sad. A.prize B.award C.medals D.reward解析:選D。考查名詞辨析和搭配。根據(jù)句意知，應(yīng)該是做好事的報(bào)答。in reward for 為而報(bào)答。 Martin Luther King, great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was _ the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peac

20、e. (2010河南洛陽11月月考) A.rewarded B.given C.awarded D.offered解析:選C。句意為：反對種族歧視運(yùn)動的杰出黑人領(lǐng)袖馬丁路德金，因其對世界和平的突出貢獻(xiàn)而被授予諾貝爾和平獎。award 授予，頒發(fā)。5.as a matter of fact 實(shí)際上用法點(diǎn)撥： as a matter of fact在意義上等同in fact/in actual fact/actually/ in reality/to tell the truth。As a matter of fact, Ive never been there before. 事實(shí)上我從未到過那

21、里?！韭?lián)想拓展】in the matter of sth.關(guān)于;就而論make matters worse將困難或情況弄得更糟(as) a matter of course（作為）理所當(dāng)然的事; （按照）常規(guī)【即學(xué)即練】完成句子我想跟她談?wù)勎业男剿畣栴}。 I want to speak to her _ _ _ _ my salary. 她設(shè)法使他們平靜下來, 不想?yún)s適得其反。 Her attempts to calm them down only _ _ _ . 我照例每天早晨查看公文格。 I check my in-tray every morning as _ _ _ _ . 答案:in

22、 the matter of made matters worsea matter of course溫馨提示：matter 作不及物動詞時(shí)常用于否定句和疑問句中,意為“關(guān)系,要緊”。All these things do not matter now. 所有這一切現(xiàn)在都無關(guān)緊要了。【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空It rained that day. _, our car broke down on the way. (2010江蘇泰州一輪檢測) A.In factB.Actually C.To make matters worseD.To tell the truth解析:選C。句意為：那天是雨天，使

23、情況更糟糕的是：我們的車在路上壞了。make matters worse 使事情更糟糕的是。6.blow up 爆炸；突然嚴(yán)峻；大發(fā)雷霆 My father blew up when I didnt come home last night. 我昨晚沒回家，父親大發(fā)雷霆。Stop at the gas station and well blow up the tyres. 在加油站停一下，我們要給輪胎打氣?！韭?lián)想拓展】blow sb. up 訓(xùn)斥某人blow sth. up 炸壞某物；給某物充氣；放大某物（尤指照片）；夸大某事物blow down 吹倒；炸毀 blow off 吹掉；將（熱水、

24、蒸汽等）放出blow out 吹熄；（電線）燒斷blow over 被淡忘；消散；停止；（壞天氣）大風(fēng)平息【即學(xué)即練】完成句子我的帽子被風(fēng)刮掉了。 My hat _ _. 我?guī)缀醣伙L(fēng)刮倒了。 I was almost _ _ by the wind. 有人打開了門, 蠟燭隨之被吹滅了。 Somebody opened the door and the candle _ _ . 風(fēng)暴在夜里停止了。 The storm _ _ in the night. 答案:blew off blown down blew out blew over單項(xiàng)填空A short circuit will _ the

25、fuse(保險(xiǎn)絲). （原創(chuàng)） A.blow up B.blow off C.blow out D.blow over解析:選C。考查動詞短語辨析。句意表示斷路會燒斷保險(xiǎn)絲。blow out（電線）燒斷。7.in trouble 在危險(xiǎn)、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困難時(shí)就給我們打電話。If we cant keep to the schedule, well be in (a lot of) trouble. 我們不按時(shí)完成計(jì)劃就要有麻煩了?！韭?lián)想拓展】get into trouble惹上麻煩have

26、trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困難（其中的介詞 in 在口語中通?？墒÷裕﹖ake （the） trouble to do sth. 不怕費(fèi)事或困難而盡力去做某事go to (the) trouble to do （of doing） sth. 不辭辛勞做某事/費(fèi)心做某事give sb. trouble/put sb. to trouble麻煩某人；打擾某人have trouble with 有病痛；同鬧糾紛【即學(xué)即練】完成句子他惹事落到了警方手里。 He _ _ _ with the police.我們沒費(fèi)吹灰之力就找到了他的辦公室。 We _ _ _(in) fi

27、nding his office. 他不嫌麻煩地為我去火車站指路。 He _ _ _ to show me the way to the railway station. 他費(fèi)心為我們打聽到了我們乘坐的火車開車的時(shí)間。 He went to _ _ _ finding out when our train was leaving. 我不愿意給我不認(rèn)識的人添麻煩。 I dont like _ _ _ people I dont know.這個(gè)男人經(jīng)常與他的妻子鬧矛盾。 The man often _ _ _ his wife. 答案:got into trouble had no trouble

28、took the trouble the trouble of giving trouble to has trouble with 溫馨提示：在take (the) trouble to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，用不用冠詞均可，但含義稍有不同：用冠詞，表示不怕費(fèi)事或不怕麻煩而去做某事；不用冠詞，表示盡心盡力或費(fèi)盡心血而去做某事。【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空Even an experienced climber can _ to reach the summit. (2010河南鄭州一輪) A.get into troubleB.make trouble C.ask for troubleD.take

29、trouble over解析:選A。句意為：即使是一個(gè)很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的登山者，為了到達(dá)頂峰也有可能遇到困難。句中的can表示“有可能”。get into trouble 陷入困境，因做某事而招致懲罰，危險(xiǎn)等；ask for trouble 自找麻煩，自討苦吃；make trouble 引起麻煩；take trouble over sth. 在某事上費(fèi)心思。8.set up建立;創(chuàng)立A new government was set up after the war. 新政府于戰(zhàn)后成立?！韭?lián)想拓展】set about開始做 set apart使與眾不同；留出；撥出（專用）set aside把放在一邊；省

30、出，留出set down寫下，記下 set forth陳述；闡明set off出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起；激發(fā)set out出發(fā)；動身；擺放，陳列；開始，著手【即學(xué)即練】完成句子我得開始收拾行李了。 I must set _ my packing for relaxation. 她把書放在一旁, 點(diǎn)了一支香煙。 She set _ her book and lit a cigarette. 首相在電視上公布了他的政府工作目標(biāo)。 The Prime Minister set _ the aims of his government in a television broadcast. 答案:abo

31、ut aside forth溫馨提示：set about doing sth.=set out to do sth. 開始做某事。set off和set out都有“動身，出發(fā)”之意，但要注意其細(xì)微的差別:set off開始（旅行、賽跑等）； set out從某地出發(fā)上路。 【即學(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空The President _ _ his views in television broadcast. A.set downB.set forth C.set backD.set off 解析:選B。句意為：總統(tǒng)在電視上發(fā)表了他的觀點(diǎn)。set forth陳述，闡明。9.only then did we

32、 decide to answer violence with violence.(P34)只有到這個(gè)時(shí)候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。only 修飾時(shí)間、條件、方式狀語等放在句首時(shí)，主句構(gòu)成部分倒裝。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes. 直到那時(shí)她才意識到她所犯的錯誤。Only when he came back did I go to bed. 當(dāng)他回來的時(shí)候，我才上床睡覺。溫馨提示:only放在句首,修飾狀語時(shí)才倒裝,修飾主語,賓語則不倒裝。Only you understand me.只有你了解我?！炯磳W(xué)即練】單項(xiàng)填空 I fa

33、iled in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. (2010山東青島二中11月月考) A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize解析:選D。 only放句首，修飾then時(shí)間狀語，故用部分倒裝,then是過去時(shí)間，故選過去時(shí)。 10.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been aslee

34、p. （P38）他在午餐后的休息時(shí)間以及晚上本來該睡覺的時(shí)間教我們學(xué)習(xí)。should have done本應(yīng)該做某事（但實(shí)際上并沒有做）Thats really what I should have done. 那的確是我應(yīng)該做的。溫馨提示：在這種用法中ought to= should，但在語氣上沒有should強(qiáng)。否定形式表示“不該做某事而結(jié)果做了”。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不該把舊衣服帶走。（事實(shí)上已帶走了。）【聯(lián)想拓展】情態(tài)動詞+have done用法小結(jié)：would+have done 用于虛擬條件句中，表示與過

35、去事實(shí)相反。must+have done 表示對過去情況的推測，只用于肯定句，意為“一定”，其否定的意義用cant+have done表示。could+have done本來有能力做而實(shí)際上沒有做。neednt+have done本來不必做的事，實(shí)際上卻做了。may (might)+have done表示對過去的推測，多用于陳述句，意為“可能”。用 might 比用 may 語氣更加委婉。 【即學(xué)即練】完成句子真不知道沒有你的幫助我該怎么辦。 I really dont know what I _ _ _ without your help.路面是濕的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。 The stree

36、t is wet. It _ _ _ last night. 如果我能夠停下來，事故就不會發(fā)生了。 If I _ _ _ , there wouldnt have been an accident. 昨天我沒必要去辦公室。 I _ _ _ to the office yesterday.請不要那樣做。你們倆很有可能被抓住然后殺掉！ Please dont do that. You _ _ _ _ caught and killed! 答案:would have done must have rainedcould have stopped neednt have gonemight both

37、have been.單詞拼寫 1. The young heiress was so _ (大方的) that she gave all her money away in a couple of years.2. Everybody knows that our director is very _(忠誠的) to his wife.3. The goods of this company are of good _ (質(zhì)量). It is no wonder they sell so well.4. All the _(領(lǐng)導(dǎo)) of our city pay much attention

38、to education.5. As we all know, fighting is an act of _(暴力).6. The beautiful girl is very gentle, which shows she is an _(有教養(yǎng)的) girl.7. His efforts were _(獎賞)with success.8. To keep fit, he is a _ in all kinds of sports.9. As we all know, the Peoples R _ of Korea is our neighbour.10. It is said that

39、 he holds an important p _ in the government office. 答案:1.generous 2.devoted 3.quality 4.leaders 5.violence 6.educated 7.rewarded 8.active 9.Republic 10.position.用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空fight against/believe in/the same as/give up/make a list/devote ones whole life/set up/be sentenced to/come to power/as a m

40、atter of fact1. We must _ the enemy.2. Do you _ Chinas traditional herbal medicine?3. This answer must be a cribbing; its exactly _ Joness.4. They _ without a fight.5. Please _ of things I must buy.6. He _ to the study of science. 7. He suggested that the murderer referred to _ death at once.8. Some

41、 men _ a small stage.9. When did Napoleon _?10. _, real knowledge comes from practice and direct experience.答案:1.fight against 2.believe in 3.the same as 4.gave up5.make a list 6.devoted his whole life 7.be sentenced to8.set up e to power 10.As a matter of fact.完成句子1. Do you easily _ _ (喪失信心)when yo

42、u are in trouble?2. The doctor _ _ _ (建議我) sleep and to get up early.3. I am worried about whether I will be _ _ _ (失業(yè)).4. His efforts _ _ _ (得到回報(bào))high salary. 5. _ _ _ (只有到了這個(gè)時(shí)候)they decide to answer violence with violence.6. He is a man who is easy to _ _ _ (相處). 7. Although he turned to many offi

43、cials, he finally _ _ _ _ _ (可能會判死刑).8. The football team _ _ _ (投票選我) their new captain.9. Whether in the past, now or in the future, _ _ _ _ (我們都是平等的).10. I _ _ _ (請你原諒) for my behaviour this morning.答案:1.lose heart 2.advised me to 3.out of work4.were rewarded with 5.Only then did 6.get along with

44、 7.could be sentenced to death 8.have voted me9.we are all equal 10.beg your pardon. 單項(xiàng)填空1.Men and women didnt have _ rights by law in ancient time. A.same B.ordinary C.equal D.confident解析:選C。 考查形容詞辨析。same同樣的；ordinary平常的； equal平等的；confident相信的；確信的。根據(jù)句意可知，選C。2.He is such a kind man that he is ready t

45、o help people _ . A.in troubleB.at last C.of courseD.as well解析:選A。in trouble陷入困境，符合語境。3.Anyone who is _ to play this role in the play please put up your hand. I dont want to force (強(qiáng)迫) anybody. I think I _ . A.fit; will beB.interested; do C.ready; can beD.willing; am解析:選D。be willing to do sth.愿意做某事；

46、前面的主語用了動詞be，因此回答是“I am”。4.Im sure that this boy will be a great person in the future if he is well _. A.looked afterB.educated C.concerned aboutD.practiced解析:選B。look after照看；照顧;be educated得到教育;concerned about關(guān)心; practice不與the boy構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系。5.He was caught and sentenced for _ a dam on the river last year. A.blowing upB.breaking down C.moving awayD.dropping off解析:選A。句意為：他被抓了，因?yàn)槿ツ暾б蛔鶚蚨慌行?。blow up爆炸。6.People _ a monument to honor those people who devoted their lives to their country. A.set out B.set down C.set up D.s