電子與通信技術(shù)專業(yè)英語Unit 4 lesson 24

1、PART1 The word photovoltaic is a marriage of the words photo, which means light, and voltaic, which refers to the production of electricity. Photovoltaics (PV) is the field of technology and research related to the application of solar cells for energy by converting sunlight directly into electricit

2、y. Photovoltaics, or PV, is a green energy source that uses solar radiation in order to generate electric power. It is the most well - known method for turning solar radiation into usable electricity. In photovoltaics, energy from the sun is converted into electrical current using semiconductors. Th

3、ese semiconductors have a photovoltaic effect. During this process, the solar radiation excites electrons, which are then transferred between various bands, such as the conduction bands. This results in a build - up of voltage between the two electrodes in the cell. Photovoltaic technology requires

4、a light source, and primarily depends on energy from the sun. Lesson 24 Photovoltaic TechnologyTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART1Lesson 24 Photovoltaic Technology Photovoltaics are typically seen in the form of solar panels. These solar panels contain a number of solar cells conta

5、ining photovoltaic material. These panels can be found on roofs of buildings, including homes or businesses. In addition, solar panels can be ground mounted, such as in solar power plants and in the form of photovoltaic trees. Photovoltaic technology was first used in order to power satellites and s

6、pacecraft orbiting in space. However, due to an increase in the availability of photovoltaic technology as well as an increase in the demand for clean energy sources, solar panels are now commonly used for grid connected power generation. In addition, this technology can be used to power cars, boats

7、, houses, roadside telephones, remote sensors on gates, and various aspects businesses such as zoos and parks. Since 2002, photovoltaic production has been increasing by an average of 20 percent a year. While over 90% of photovoltaic technology is used for grid-tied electric systems, anTextNew wordN

8、otesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART1Lesson 24 Photovoltaic TechnologyTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary increasing number of off-grid uses are being discovered. Photovoltaic technology is the fastest growing energy technology in the world. It is estimated that by the year 2030, enou

9、gh photovoltaic technology will exist to produce the solar power necessary to meet the electricity needs for 14 percent of the worlds population. Germany, Japan and the united states lead the world in photovoltaic installations, with those three countries representing 89 percent of the worlds total

10、installations. Germany also holds the record of being the fastest growing Photovoltaic market in the world from 2006 to 2007, and by the end of 2006, almost 90 percent of all photovoltatic installations in Europe involved applications in Germany. Materials for photovoltaic solar panels can vary. Sil

11、icon in various forms is one material that can be used. Some of these forms include monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous silicon. Crystalline silicon modules are estimated to account for up to 31 percent ofPART1Lesson 24 Photovoltaic TechnologyTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabula

12、ry all global installed power within the next two years. In addition, cadmium telluride and copper indium gallium sulfide can be used. Solar panels that are used as rooftop shingles and tiles or building facades are made to be flexible and thin, with semiconductor materials only being a few micromet

13、ers thick. In areas of the world with plenty of sun, a third generation of solar cells can be used. These cells can be made of solar inks created from dyes and conductive plastics. In addition, the new generation of solar cells utilizes plastic lenses or mirrors to concentrate sunlight onto small pi

14、eces of photovoltaic material. Since all solar cells are only effective when used outdoors, solar cells require significant protection from environmental elements and hazards. Glass sheets are often used to protect tightly packed solar cells. Each solar panel typically holds 40 cells. The average ho

15、me will require approximately 10 to 20 solar panels in order to generate enough electricity to power the house. Panels must be mounted on either a fixed angle facing south or on a device thatPART1Lesson 24 Photovoltaic TechnologyTextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary allows the panels to tr

16、ack the sun. The mounted panels form an array, and hundreds of arrays can be connected to form a system used for industrial or electric plant applications.With so many uses, its easy to see why photovoltaic technology is quickly advancing and becoming a popular form of electricity production. As tec

17、hnology changes and advances and incentives to install systems are created, photovoltaic technology is fast becoming a viable option for consumers, from large-scale businesses to private residential homes.PART2New words and phrases:photovoltaics ,futuvlteiiks n. 光伏，太陽光電，太陽能光電板e(cuò)lectron ilektrn n. 電子e

18、lectrode ilektrud n. 電極，電焊條monocrystalline ,mnkristlain n. 單晶體；單晶質(zhì) adj. 單晶的polycrystalline ,plikristlain, -lin adj. 【晶體】多晶的amorphous m:fs adj. 無定形的；無組織的；【物】非晶形的crystalline krist()lain adj. 透明的；水晶般的；水晶制的shingle igl n. 瓦板faade fs:d n. （建筑物的）正面lens lenz n. 透鏡array rei n. 排列，陣列viable vaibl adj. 可行的space

19、craft speiskrft n. 宇宙飛船，航天器TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART2Phrases and Expressionssolar radiation 太陽輻射；日光照射solar panel 太陽能板；太陽能電池板remote sensor 遙感器cadmium telluride 碲化鎘copper indium gallium sulfide 銅銦鎵硫化物New words and phrases:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART3

20、Notes:1.Photovoltaics (PV) is the field of technology and research related to the application of solar cells for energy by converting sunlight directly into electricity.譯文：光伏是指通過以將太陽光直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的太陽能電池為能源的應(yīng)用技術(shù)和研究領(lǐng)域。2.Photovoltaics is a green energy source that uses solar radiation in order to generate el

21、ectric power.譯文：光伏發(fā)電是一種綠色能源，它使用太陽輻射來發(fā)電。3.During this process, the solar radiation excites electrons, which are then transferred between various bands, such as the conduction bands.譯文：在此過程中，太陽輻射激發(fā)電子，然后這些電子將會(huì)在各種頻帶之間傳送，如導(dǎo)電帶。4.However, due to an increase in the availability of photovoltaic technology as

22、 well as an increase in the demand for clean energy sources, solar panels are now commonly used for grid connected power generation.譯文：然而，由于光伏技術(shù)有效性的增加，以及對(duì)清潔能源需求的增加，太陽能電池板現(xiàn)在常被運(yùn)用到電網(wǎng)發(fā)電中。due to: 因?yàn)?，在句中可以做表語或狀語，如：(1) The teams success was largely due to her efforts. (2) The project had to be abandoned du

23、e to a lack of government funding.grid connected power generation: 并網(wǎng)發(fā)電TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART35.Crystalline silicon modules are estimated to account for up to 31 percent of all global installed power within the next two years.譯文：未來兩年內(nèi)全球所有已安裝的電源中，晶體硅模塊估計(jì)占到高達(dá)31%的比例。accoun

24、t for: （數(shù)量、比例上） 占，如：Computers account for 5% of the countrys commercial electricity consumption.6.It is estimated that by the year 2030, enough photovoltaic technology will exist to produce the solar power necessary to meet the electricity needs for 14 percent of the worlds population.譯文：據(jù)估計(jì)，到2030年將

25、有足夠的光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)來產(chǎn)生太陽能以滿足占世界上14%的人口的電力需求。Notes:TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART4Exercises:1. Write T (True) or F (false) beside the following statements about the text.a. In photovoltaics, energy from the sun is converted into electrical current using conductors. b. The solar radiation

26、 can excite electrons which are then transferred between various bands, such as the conduction bands.c. Photovoltaic technology was first used to meet the demand for clean energy sources on the earth. d. Since 2002, photovoltaic production has been increasing by an average of 90 percent a year. e. C

27、admium telluride and copper indium gallium sulfide cannot be used as materials for photovoltaic solar panels. f. Solar panels should be mounted on a fixed angle facing south.2. Fill in the missing words according to the text.a. Photo refers to and voltaic to .b. Photovoltaic technology needs a , and

28、 primarily depends on .c. Solar panels can be ground mounted, such as in and in the form of .TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART4Exercises:d. Because of in the availability of photovoltaic technology as well as an increase demand for , solar panels are now for grid connected power g

29、eneration.e. As one material for photovoltaic solar panels, silicon can be used in various forms, such as , , and amorphous silicon.f. The solar panels are mounted to an array, and hundreds of arrays can to form a system industrial or electric plant applications.3. Translate the following paragraph

30、into Chinese.Since all solar cells are only effective when used outdoors, solar cells require significant protection from environmental elements and hazards. Glass sheets are often used to protect tightly packed solar cells. Each solar panel typically holds 40 cells. The average home will require ap

31、proximately 10 to 20 solar panels in order to generate enough electricity to power the house. Panels must be mounted on either a fixed angle facing south or on a device that allows the panels to track the sun. The mounted panels form an array, and hundreds of arrays can be connected to form a system

32、 used for industrial or electric plant applications.TextNew wordNotesExercisesTranslationVocabulary PART5Translation第24課 光 伏 技 術(shù) photovoltaic是一個(gè)組合詞。photo代表光；voltaic代表電流。光伏（PV）是指通過以將太陽光直接轉(zhuǎn)化為電能的太陽能電池為能源的應(yīng)用技術(shù)和研究領(lǐng)域。 光伏發(fā)電，或PV，是一種綠色能源，它使用太陽輻射來發(fā)電。它是把太陽輻射轉(zhuǎn)化為可用電能的最廣為人知的方法。在光伏電池中，來自太陽的能量通過半導(dǎo)體被轉(zhuǎn)換成電流。這些半導(dǎo)體具有光伏效應(yīng)。在此過程中，太陽輻射激發(fā)電子，然后這些電子將會(huì)在各種頻帶之間傳送，如導(dǎo)電帶。這將在電池的兩個(gè)電極之間形成電壓。光伏發(fā)電技術(shù)需要一個(gè)光源，它主要依賴于來自太陽的能量。