初中現(xiàn)在完成時講解

1、現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時: have/ has +過去分詞 1) 表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成的動作。Now we have planted all the trees. He has just come back.2) 表示過去發(fā)生的動作, 但強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。Have you had your supper?I have read the book twice already.在以上兩種用法中常跟already, notyet, never, just, before, ever, recently等時間繼續(xù)下去的狀語。3) 表示過去已經(jīng)開始, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在, 也許還會繼續(xù)下去的動作或

2、狀態(tài)，常與包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時間的狀語連用。He has studied English for 6 years. Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou.過去分詞的構(gòu)成 1.直接加-ed。如：play-played 2.以字母e結(jié)尾的直接加d 。如：name-named 3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed。如：carry-carried 4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個輔音字母，雙寫這個輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped現(xiàn)在完成時 Present perfect 句型1.肯定句現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have（

3、has）過去分詞”。 注意：該句式中的have或has是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。2.疑問句現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。 （回答用“Yes，have（has）“No，havent（hasnt）” ）3.否定句：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）過去分詞”。 I have eaten my lunch.She has eaten her lunch.He has eaten his lunch.肯定句They have eaten their lunch.I have not (havent) seen the f

4、ilm. She has not (hasnt) seen the film.現(xiàn)在完成時的否定形式：have not (havent) +過去分詞 has not (hasnt) +過去分詞 I havent eaten supper. eat-eatenHe hasnt changed his idea. change-changedMy mother hasnt come back home. come-come否定句Ive already had dinner. I _ _ dinner _.2. He has just finished his homework. He _ _ his

5、 homework _.3. Mums cooked the dinner. Mum _ _ the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. Susan _ _ English at school.haventhadyethasnt finishedyethasnt cookedhasntlearned把下列句子改為否定句Have you eaten your breakfast?現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句形式Have/has 提前+過去分詞 Have you known Sandy for a long time?Yes, I have/ No,

6、I havent. know-knownHas she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m.Yes, she has/ No, she hasnt. eat-eaten疑問句Ive already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homework. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school.Have you already had dinner?Has he just finished his homework?Has mum cooked

7、the dinner? Has Susan learned English at school?把下列句子改為一般疑問句分清與一般過去時的用法現(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)的范圍，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in1990等.而一般過去時只表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。eg- I have seen the film.eg- I saw the film last week.eg- He has lived here since 1993.eg- He lived here in 1993.Notes:1) have

8、 gone to 與have been tohave gone to表示某人已離開了原地，去了另外某地，說話時，人已不在原地。后者表示某人曾have been to去過某地，說話時人已不在某地了。He has been to Xian twice. 他曾經(jīng)去過西安兩次。（已經(jīng)回來了）You cant find him. He has gone to Xian. 你找不到他。他去西安了。（沒回來）動詞填空：1._ you _(clean) the room? Yes, we_(do) that already. When _ you _(do) it? We _(do) it an hour a

9、go.2._ he _(see) this film yet? Yes. When _ he _(see) it? He _ it last week. 3. How many times _you_(come) here? Once.Havecleanedhave donediddodidHasseendidseesawhavecome4. I _ (read) the novel twice. Its interesting.5. She _(go) to Pairs, hasnt she? Yes. How _ she _(go) there? She _(go) there by ai

10、r.6. So far, many countries _(develop) their software programs.7.Mr Chen _(give)up smoking last year.8._ you ever _(ride) a horse? Never.9.He _( keep) the book since two days ago.have readhas gonedidgowenthave developedgaveHaveriddenhas keptIve already had dinner. 2. He has just finished his homewor

11、k. 3. Mums cooked the dinner.4. Susans learned English at school. What have you already done?What has he just done?Who has cooked the dinner?Where has Susan learned English?對劃線部分提問（for+表示一段時間的詞組，since+表示過去某一時刻的詞或詞組）謂語只可用延續(xù)性動詞.eg.- Ive lived here for 15 years.eg.- Ive lived here since 15 years ago(19

12、90)選用for和since填空:1.We havent seen each other _ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory _ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on _ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here _ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead _ several years.6. Its five years _ we met last timeforsinceforsinceforsince練習(xí)題:1.Its a long time since we _ (meet) last, isnt it? 2.-I know you _ (choose) a picture book among these. -Yes,Have a look at it, please. 3.So far, spaceships without people _ (reach) the moon and some other parts of the universe. 4.My father_ home