致用英語-第四冊-Unit-1

1、 Unit 1Starting Your Career organised: achieving your aims in an effective, ordered, and sensible way antonym: disorganised; messy; inefficientPunctual: arriving, happening or being done at exactly the time that has been arrangedantonym: unpunctual; late; tardyCooperative: willing to work togetheran

2、tonym: uncooperative; unhelpful;unsupportive; Hardworking: working with a lot of effortsantonym: lazy; idle; shiftlessModest: unwilling to talk about their abilities and achievementsantonym:arrogant; boastful; immodest patient: able to wait calmly for a long time or to accept difficulties, peoples a

3、nnoying behaviour etc, without becoming angryantonym: impatient ; intolerant; frustratedVigorous : strong, energetic, and active in mind or bodyantonym: vulnerable; weak; inactiveSociable: being friendly and enjoying being with other people antonym: introverted; shy; reserved Sincere: honest and tru

4、eantonym: insincere; dishonest; trickyResponsible :sensible and able to make good judgements, so that you can be trusted antonym: unreliable; irresponsible; untrustworthyDedicated : someone who is dedicated work very hard at what they do because they care a lot about itantonym:uncommitted ; uncaring

5、; unenthusiasticPre-reading BACKPassage StructurePart One: Introduce the topicPart Two: Show the tips for making good first impressions in three aspects Part Three: ConclusionBACKIn business and networking situations1. Dress for the specific occasion.2. Grooming is also an important part of first im

6、pressions.3. Wear the name tag on your right shoulder area. 4. Handshakes should be simpleextend right hand and grasp gently but firmly.5. The greeting should be short and simple; pay attention to the other persons name.6. Engage the other person in conversation. Look for common ground with the pers

7、on youre talking to.7. Avoid talking about the controversial subjects.In job interviews1 Arrive about 15 minutes early.2 Conduct a final grooming check in the restroom before the interview.3. Be polite to the support staff.4. Do not smoke right before the interview. 5. Turn off your cell phone.6. Sm

8、ile and make strong eye contact.7. Answer interview questions with ease and ask questions of the interviewer.8. Write a thank-you note after the interview.When starting a new job1 Arrive a bit early; leave no earlier than the majority of the others in your area.2 Take no more than your allotted brea

9、ks during the day.3. Avoid calling in sick or taking personal days. 4. Show your team spirit by supporting the team.5. Listen more and talk less.6. Stay clear of all office politics and gossip.7. Keep your personal communications email, IM, and phone to a minimum while at work.Compre-hensionLanguage

10、 Points1. provide for 1）.為提供生活費(fèi) He had to provide for five children.他要供養(yǎng)五個孩子。He worked hard to provide for his old age.他努力工作為養(yǎng)老做準(zhǔn)備。2）.為作準(zhǔn)備 It is highly important to provide for the future.預(yù)先做好準(zhǔn)備非常重要。Every possible risk has been provided for in this project.此方案對各種可能發(fā)生的風(fēng)險都作了準(zhǔn)備。Compre-hension3）.規(guī)定 The

11、agreement provided for a cease-fire.協(xié)議規(guī)定?；稹?These measures were provided for by law.這些措施是法律所規(guī)定的。The book being translated is provided for in your contract.在你們的合同中已確定要翻譯這本書。BACKCompre-hension2. essential adj. extremely important and necessary 絕對必要的 e.g. (1) It is essential that we win the game. (2) H

12、ard work is essential. But theres also a time for rest and relaxation. Words & ExpressionsBACKCompre-hension3. look the part to look suitable for a particular situation 得體，適合某種場合 e.g. (1) But no matter how hard I tried to look the part, there was still something missing. (2) You might look the part,

13、 you might sound the part, but youre not actually Chinese. BACKCompre-hension4. attire n. clothes 服飾 e.g. (1) A suit and tie is acceptable attire for any business situation. (2) Her attention was attracted by his peculiar attire. BACKCompre-hension5. overdressed adj. dressed in clothes that are too

14、formal for the occasion 穿得過于正式 e.g. (1) She is always overdressed for a party. (2) I feel rather overdressed in this suit everyone else is wearing jeans! BACKCompre-hension6. well-pressed adj. making clothes smooth and using a hot iron 熨燙平整的e.g. (1) Keeping your clothes well-pressed will keep you fr

15、om looking hard-pressed. (2) Hes always wearing clean and well-pressed clothes. BACKCompre-hension 7. grooming n. the process of cleaning and brushing your hairs 整理儀容 e.g. (1) Good grooming is an asset. ( 2)Help me to groom the horses for the show this afternoon. 幫我梳洗打扮這些馬參加今天下午的展出。 Compre-hension8.

16、 wind-swept adj.hair, clothes etc. that are windswept have been blown around by the wind（頭發(fā)）蓬亂的 e.g. (1) The models wind-swept hair made her look very relaxed. BACKCompre-hension9. overwhelm v.if work or a problem overwhelms someone, it is too much or too difficult to deal with 使不知所措 e.g. (1) Someti

17、mes natural events overwhelm you, as your own mistakes never can. (2) They would be overwhelmed with paperwork. BACKCompre-hension10. minimal adj. very small in degree or amount 最小的；盡可能少的 e.g. (1) The storm did only minimal damage. (2) I stayed with friends, so my expenses were minimal. BACKCompre-h

18、ension11. nail v. if you nail something, you succeed in getting it, after a lot of time or effort 牢固 e.g. (1) He nailed boards together to make a box. (2) Has the police nailed the man? BACKCompre-hension12. engage v. to attract someones attention and keep them interested 吸引人 e.g. (1) The new novel

19、engaged his attention and interest. BACKCompre-hension13. common ground : a shared topic or subject 共同話題 e.g. (1) Bob and Frank dont like each other because they have no common ground . (2) Economic and trade cooperation is the best area for the two countries to seek common ground. BACKCompre-hensio

20、n14. naturally adv. used to say that something is normal and not surprising 自然地 e.g. (1) One will naturally ask why. (2) She behaved naturally before the microphone. BACKCompre-hension15. paperwork n. the documents that you need for a business deal, a journey etc. 資料，文件 e.g. (1) The job also require

21、s a lot of paperwork. Can you be organized? (2) It will take a lot of paperwork and time to replace your passport. BACKCompre-hension16. showcase v. to show the good qualities of a person, organisation, product etc. 展示 e.g. (1) Restored films are being showcased this month at a festival in Paris. (2

22、) She wants to showcase African-American literature.BACKCompre-hension17. cement v.to make a relationship between people, countries, or organisations firm and strong 粘合，鞏固 e.g. (1) Lets cement the parts together. (2) Our holiday together cemented our friendship. BACKCompre-hension18. allotted adj. g

23、iving a particular share of something to someone 分配的 e.g. (1) Is there some way I can find my own allotted work? (2) Quickly another question followed. Where is your allotted place? BACKCompre-hension 19. in terms of 就而言, 從方面說來 He thought of everything in terms of money.他是從錢的角度來看每一件事。 BACKCompre-hen

24、sion20. showboat v. if someone playing a sport is showboating, they are trying to make people admire them by doing skillful tricks, but are not playing effectively for their team 賣弄 e.g. (1) That newscaster is showboating; she wants to be on camera all the time. (2) The beauty queen showboated aroun

25、d the stage at the end of the show. BACKCompre-hension21. It goes without saying that: used to say that something is so clearly true that it does not need to be said 不言而喻，理所當(dāng)然 e.g. (1) It goes without saying that your decision is right. (2) It goes without saying that knowledge is power. BACKCompre-

26、hension 22. go far: succeed in a big way 1).Shes got a good education and a charming personality and she should go far. 她受過很好的教育，有極好的品格，因而應(yīng)該大有前途。2).A promise of accommodation in nine to fifteen months time does not go far to solve our present problem. 答應(yīng)在9至15個月時間內(nèi)給予貸款，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能解決我們目前的問題。3).Soft pace goes

27、 far. 寧靜致遠(yuǎn)。 BACKlook the partIn other words, you must dress for the specific occasion. attireso make sure your clothing is clean and well-pressed.overdressedIf you cant be certain, its always better to be overdressed than underdressed.Compre-hensionunderdressed.If you cant be certain, its always bet

28、ter to be overdressed than underdressedGroomingHair should be neatand certainly not wind-swept. For men, facial hair should be either non-existent or well-maintained. For women, less make-up is always better than too much.cologneA light perfume or cologne is acceptable,BACKbone-crushersextend right

29、hand and grasp gently but firmly. No bone crushers and no four-handed, one-hand-over-the-other shakes. nail (a good impression)the last tip when youre in this setting is not to make the conversation all about you. A great way to cement a strong first impression is writing a thank-you note after the

30、interview.Compre-hensioncommon groundshare stories about that common interest.CrucialBecause the job interview is usually your first face-to-face with the employers, first impressions are especially crucial.asking questions of the interviewer are vital to making a good impression.BACKCompre-hensions

31、howcaseAnswering interview questions with ease (showcasing your interview preparationstay clear ofAnd it should go without saying, but stay clear of all office politics and gossip.keep your personal communications,to a minimum while at work. BACKLanguage in UseVocabulary BuildingBACKGrammar Developm

32、entGrammar一、“as(否定句中可用so)adjadvas”，其基本意思為“和一樣”。但在實際應(yīng)用中，此結(jié)構(gòu)在不同的語境中含義差異較大。 1、表示不同人或物同一性質(zhì)的比較，意為“和一樣。 The tree is as tall as the building(is) 這棵樹和那棟樓一樣高。 Michael is as bright as George(is) 邁克爾和喬治一樣聰明。 As.as StructureGrammar 2、表示同一個人或物不同性質(zhì)的比較，意為“既又” Alice works as happily as(she)plays(happily) 艾麗絲愉快地工作，盡

33、情地玩。 Danny is not so wise as he is witty 丹尼為人風(fēng)趣，但欠明智。 As.as StructureGrammar3、用于表示兩個人或物不同性質(zhì)的比較，表示程度相同或相當(dāng)，意為“而”。 He was as handsome as his wife was beautiful 他長得非常英俊，他的妻子也長得非常漂亮。 He was as experienced as his brother was green 他經(jīng)驗豐富，而他兄弟卻涉世未深。 Grammar 二、asas結(jié)構(gòu)的另一種形式是“as muchmany名詞as從句”。 Mary has writt

34、en as many essays as her brother 瑪麗寫的文章篇數(shù)和她弟弟一樣多。 It is as much your fault as your wifes 這既是你的過錯，也是你妻子的過錯。 Henry is as much a hypocrite asJohn 亨利跟約翰一樣是個偽君子。 Grammar三、若有修飾成分，如twice，three times，half，a quarter等，必須置于第一個as之前。 You are not half as clever as you think you are你可不像自己想象的那么聰明。 She isnt going ou

35、t with a man who is twice as old as she 她不打算和一個比她大一倍的人出去散步。 Youve made just as many mistakes as I have 我和你犯的錯誤一樣多。 Weve produced twice as much cotton this year as we did last year. 我們今年的棉花產(chǎn)量是去年的兩倍。 Grammar四、asas結(jié)構(gòu)的另一變體形式是“as形容詞原級名詞詞組as” I dont want as expensive a car as this.I dont want a car as exp

36、ensive as this 我不要這么貴的汽車。 Tony is as clever a boy as his brother 托尼是一個和他兄弟一樣聰明的男孩。 Grammar五、當(dāng)asas與表示重量、數(shù)量、時間、距離、價格等的計量名詞連用時。往往并不表示比較。而是構(gòu)成一個形容詞組，意為“重達(dá)，多達(dá)，高達(dá)”等。 The river is as deep as 10 meters 這條河深達(dá)10米。 Frosts often occur as late as May 往往到5月份還有霜。 Grammar六、“as+原級+as any(或ever)”、“as+原級+ascan be”、“not

37、hing(或no)so原級as”等結(jié)構(gòu)表達(dá)的是最高級意義。即在某種程度上或某方面達(dá)到極限或最大限度。 He is as great a mathematician as any 他是一位非常杰出的數(shù)學(xué)家。 He is as happy as happy can be 他幸福無比。 No one is so deaf as those who wont listen 最聾者莫過于不聽勸說的人。 Grammar七、asas幾個常見句型。 1asas possiblesb can盡可能的 Please answer my question as soon as possible 請盡快回答我的問題。

38、 The detective is searching the man as carefully as he can 那個偵探正在盡可能仔細(xì)地搜查那個男子的身體。 Grammar2asas usualbefore像以前一樣 She looks as pretty as before 她看起來和以前一樣漂亮 Though they failed，they still worked as hard as usual 盡管他們失敗了，但他們?nèi)韵褚郧耙粯优ぷ鳌?3as long as只要，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句 will stay with you as long as there is a room

39、free 要是你有一間空余的房子，我就住在你這里。 You may borrow this book as long as you promise to give it back 只要你答應(yīng)歸還，你就可以把這書借走。 Grammar4.as far as 遠(yuǎn)至；就而論，據(jù)He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火車站。As/So far as I know, the library wont open until eight oclock.據(jù)我所知，圖書館要到八點鐘才開門。 Grammar5. a

40、s well as 和一樣好；也；既又；除外，還She sings as well as she plays.她唱得好，彈得也好。The child is lively as well as healthy.這孩子既健康又活潑。Tom, as well as his brothers, enjoys playing football. 湯姆和他的哥哥們都喜歡踢足球。He gave me his help as well as his criticism.他除了給我批評外，還給我?guī)椭?。（這時強(qiáng)調(diào)幫助）Grammar一些帶有asas的常見短語歸納：as black as coal 像煤一樣黑as

41、brave as a lion像獅子一樣勇敢as busy as a bee像蜜蜂一樣忙碌as deep as a well像井一樣深as easy as ABC像ABC一樣容易as fat as a pig 像豬一樣肥胖as firm as rock 像山巖一樣堅定as free as a bird像小鳥一樣自由as happy as a king像國王一樣快樂as blind as a bat像蝙蝠一樣瞎Grammaras hot as fire 像火一樣熱as light as a feather 像羽毛一樣輕as patient as an ox像牛一樣能忍耐as poor as a church mouse像教堂