虛擬語氣導(dǎo)學(xué)案及答案

1、M6U3GrammarUnrealconditionals虛擬語氣【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】StudentsareexpectedtolearnwhentouseUnrealconditionalsandhowtouseUnrealconditionals.【知識(shí)準(zhǔn)備】英語中的語氣分為陳述語氣、祈使語氣、虛擬語氣三類。虛擬語氣用來表示說話人的主觀愿望或假想，而不表示客觀存在的事實(shí)，所說的是一個(gè)條件，不一定是事實(shí)，或與事實(shí)相反。虛擬語氣通過謂語動(dòng)詞的特殊形式來表示。條件狀語從句分類條件句可分為兩類，一類為真實(shí)條件句，一類為非真實(shí)條件句。非真實(shí)條件句表示的是假設(shè)或?qū)嶋H可能性不大的情況，故采用虛擬語氣。eg:1.

2、Ifhedoesnthurryup,hewillmissthebus.2.lfheisfree,hewillaskmetotellstories.3fIwereyou,Iwouldgoatonce.4.Iftherewerenoair,peoplewoulddie.以上四句中和是真實(shí)語氣；和是虛擬語氣【自主探究】一、狀語從句中的虛擬語氣（一）if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句1IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizetheopportunitytogoabroad.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnoth

3、avefailedintheexams.Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldnthavemissedthefirstbus.Iftheheadmastercametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.Ifheshouldmakeamistake,youshouldnotblamehim.與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反與過去事實(shí)相反與將來事實(shí)相反感悟：與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反IfIwereadoctor,Imightsaveherlifewithouthesitation.If

4、Istayedathomenow,Icouldplaycomputergames.總結(jié)形式：時(shí)態(tài)if條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞用過去式be(were)Would/could/should/might+動(dòng)詞原形練一練：IfIwereIfIhadtime,譯一譯：1.要是他現(xiàn)在在這兒，我們就會(huì)問他關(guān)于這件事。Ifhewereherenow,wewouldaskhimaboutit.即使她現(xiàn)在在這兒，她也不能解決這個(gè)問題。Eventhoughshewere/washere,shecouldntsolvetheproblem.感悟：與過去事實(shí)相反IfIhadearnedalotofmoneylas

5、tyear,Iwouldhaveboughtacar.IftheearthquakehadnhappenedinWenchuanin2008,manypeoplewouldnhtavelostfamilies.總結(jié)形式：時(shí)態(tài)if條件從句主句與過去事實(shí)相反動(dòng)詞用過去完成式would/could/should/might(not)+havedone練一練：1.Ifthefarmerhadntseenthesnake,he(notput)itinthearms.Ifhe(notput)itinthearms,thesnakewouldnthavebittenhim.Ifthesnake(notbit

6、e)him,he(notdie).4fmylawyer(notbehere)lastSaturday,he(prevent)mefromgoing.4如果我好好學(xué)習(xí)如果昨天我聽你的建議，如果我更小心地開車，如果上個(gè)月沒下雨，感悟：與將來事實(shí)相反Inthefuture,ifIhad10,000,000yuan,Iwouldbuyahouse.IfthewaterinthePacificOceanweretobepouredout,itwouldntstopmylove.Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.總結(jié)形式：時(shí)態(tài)if條件從句主句與將來

7、事實(shí)相反1練一練：Ifeveryone(help)thoseinneedinfuture,theworldwouldbeamuchbetterplace.Ifit(be)finethisweekend,wewouldhaveapicnic.IfI(beadmitto)afamousuniversityintwoyears,Iwouldtreatyoutoabigmeal.Ifit(snow)tomorrow,wewouldgoskiing.譯一譯：1.如果我今天下午看見他了，我會(huì)告訴他的。要是我將來賺了一千萬，我就自己建立一個(gè)學(xué)校。他要是敢解雇我，我就泄露他所有的秘密。:條件狀語的倒裝：如果條

8、件狀語中有were,had,should時(shí)，可以倒裝成：Were/Should/Had+主+其他IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Iwouldtryitagain.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.thereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldntgoout.tomorrow,wewouldntgoout.注意：在省略句型中，只有haddone的had才能省略，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞had不能省。1IfIhadtimenow,Iwo

9、uldgotothelibrary.HadItimenow,.(誤)錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句：假設(shè)條件從句謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生的時(shí)間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動(dòng)詞不一致，叫做錯(cuò)綜條件虛擬語氣。主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要依照假設(shè)的時(shí)間而定。Iftheweatherhadbeenfined,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospital.Ifyouhadcomeandattendedthemeetingyesterday,you(know)whatwearedoingnow.4fyou(t

10、ake)myadvicethen,you(現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)有麻煩了)herhusband(kill)inthewar,shewouldnotbehelpingotherswithhouseworknow.：含蓄條件句：有時(shí)虛擬的條件不是通過條件句來表示，而是用一些詞或短語，如without,butfor,or,otherwise等，這種句子叫含蓄條件句。Butforelectricity(=Ifitwerenotforelectricity),therewouldbenomodernindustry.Withoutyourhelp(Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp),wecould

11、nothavesucceed.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.hadnotbeenhere/wouldnothaveprevented練一練：填入合適的動(dòng)詞形式。Withoutair,therenolifeontheearth.(be)Hebutforhisteacherstimelyadvice.(fail)Wetheworkbetterinthatcase.(do)Hewouldhavecometoseeyouyesterdaymorningbutheanimportantmeetingtoattend

12、.(have)Key:1)wouldbe2)wouldhavefailed3)wouldhavedone4)had【鞏固提升】當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練：Ifyou(speak)tohimlasttimeyousawhim,you(know)whattodonow.IfI(havenot)somuchworktodo,I(notmiss)thefilmlastnight.Ifyou(hesitate)thismoment,you(suffer)infuture.IfMary(arrive)today,shemusthavestartedthreedaysago.Ifit(snow)lastnight,it(be

13、)verycoldtoday.-Whydidnthecome?Hebutshedidnthavetime.(come)Shewouldputonweightbutshe(noteat)enough.teat如果我早上出門帶錢了，現(xiàn)在就不如此尷尬了。要不是你的幫助，我是不會(huì)成功通過考試的。她感覺不舒服，不然她不會(huì)那么早離開會(huì)場的。如果他沒有生病并且錯(cuò)過了那么多的課，他就會(huì)取得更大的進(jìn)不了。如果不是你的建議，我們不可能克服這些困難。如果不是窗戶開著睡覺，你就不會(huì)感冒了。我不知道他的電話號(hào)碼，否則的話，我就會(huì)給他打電話了。如果不是英語老師的幫助，我們就不可能贏得英語寫作競賽一等獎(jiǎng)了。如果我們繼續(xù)這樣

14、折騰地球，我們將來將無立足之地。單項(xiàng)選擇Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,weallright.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybemorecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.Ifhemetomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotableIfyouaskedyourfather,youpermission.A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.may

15、begettoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.WereHadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,heourchairmannow.A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbeIfthehorsewontoday,itthirtyracesinfiveyears.Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened

16、,asuddenloudnoise.ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,wedtherebyA.beB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becirclingGeorgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,.A.ifhedidntgettiaeflatB.iftheflattirehadnWithoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftodaysadvaneedtechnology.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehetothemeeting.A.wouldcomeB.

17、cameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcomeIfIhadseenthemovie,Iyouallaboutitnow.A.wouldtellB.willtellC.havetoldD.wouldhavetoldsheyesterday,shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday.A.If,didntleaveB.Hadnot,leftC.Hadnt,leftD.Didnt,leaveIfyousmoke,pleasegooutsidebecausethisisanon-smokingoffice.D.maytoomuchfromkidneystone.tadd

18、ed;wouldntFenaeohsuftadded;wouldhavesufferedA.mustB.shouldC.canIfSanluGroupmelaminetothemilk,thebabiesA.didntadded;wouldnthavesufferedD.hadnIftheprinterbreakdownunderguarantee,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.Ithepoorrabbit,butIdidn.Butforyourtimelywarning,weYouknowwerefriends.thavetherightdrugswithmeatthatmoment.C.couldsaveD.couldhavesavedintogreattrouble.thavegot21.-Youpromisedtocometomydinnerpartylastnightbutyoudidntturnup.-I,butsomethingunexpectedhappenedjustbeforeIleft.22.Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.Iit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.Key:8.IfIhadbroughtsomemoneywithmeth