人教版高中高一英語(yǔ)必修4(四)各單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納最新可打印版說(shuō)課講解

1、教版高中高一英語(yǔ) 必修 4（ 四） 各單元重 知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納最新可 打印版精品文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系管理員刪除人教版高中高一英語(yǔ)必修4 （四）各單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納Unitl Women of achievement重要詞匯拓展welfare n福利事業(yè)，福利achievement n. 成就，功績(jī)一 achieve v.達(dá)到，完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)specialist n. 專家，專業(yè)工作者一 special adj. 特殊的，專門的一 specialize vi. 專攻，專門從事project n.方案，計(jì)劃,，設(shè)計(jì)，工程，企業(yè)，事業(yè)，科研項(xiàng)目；課外自修項(xiàng) 目vi.伸出，突出設(shè)想自已處身于（into

2、）connection n. 連接，關(guān)系connect v. 連接condition n. 狀況（不可數(shù)），條件（可數(shù)），環(huán)境（復(fù)數(shù)）on nocondition 決不7.organization n. 組織，機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體 organize -vt.組織；籌備，成立；使 加入工會(huì)，使有條理behave v. 舉止，表現(xiàn)fbehavior n. 行為，舉止shade n.陰涼處v.遮住光線 worthwhile adj. 值得的，值得做的 It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth.worth adj. 值, 值得 be worth doingworthy adj

3、. 值得做的，可尊敬的be worthy of sth/ being done beworthy to be doneobserve v. 觀察，觀測(cè)，遵守一 observation n. 觀察，觀測(cè)respect v./n. 尊敬，尊重，敬意一 respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，體面地一 respectful adj.有禮貌的，恭敬的argue .v. 爭(zhēng)論，辯論argument n. 爭(zhēng)論，辯論 argued-adj 弓I起爭(zhēng)論的entertainment-n 款待，娛樂(lè) entertain-v 款待；招待，娛樂(lè)，抱有，懷著（想法、疑問(wèn)）crowd n. 人群，觀眾v.擠

4、滿，使擁擠一 crowded adj. 擁擠的inspire v.鼓舞，激發(fā)一 inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有靈感的一inspiring adj.鼓舞人的finspiration n.鼓舞，靈感support v. 支持，擁護(hù)-supporter n. 支持者，擁護(hù)者refer-vi 談到，查閱，參考19.intend v. 計(jì)劃，打算一 intention n. 打算，目的，意圖20.considerate adj.考慮周至U的fconsider v.考慮，認(rèn)為consideration n考慮，體諒considering prep 考慮至U.kind adj仁慈的，和善的，友愛(ài)的

5、 kindness -n仁慈，好意，善良.deliver v.遞送，生（小孩），接生，發(fā)表（演講等）一 delivery n.投遞，交貨，分娩.modest adj謙虛的，謙讓的，適度的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理devote to (doing) sth. 把奉獻(xiàn)給 devote oneself to致力于，獻(xiàn)身于 be devoted to 專心致志于human beings 人類move off 離開(kāi)，啟程，出發(fā)lead a Tife過(guò)著的生活crowd in 涌上心頭，涌入腦海look down on/ upon 蔑視，瞧不起refer to 查閱，參考，談到(其中，to為介詞)by chance 碰

6、巧, 湊巧. come across 偶遇，碰見(jiàn). carry on 繼續(xù)，堅(jiān)持 carry out 實(shí)行，執(zhí)行，完成. be dressed in 穿著dress as 打扮成.fight for為.而戰(zhàn) fight against 與戰(zhàn)斗.put to death 判死刑. concern oneself with 關(guān)注 注意5.intend to do sth./ doing sth.打算做某事. in the shade of在一的樹(shù)蔭下，在 的庇護(hù)下.gain doctor s degreK 得博士學(xué)位. be considered as 被看做 .take turns to do

7、sth采取步驟做某事.do research on 做一方面的研究.mean to do打算做某事mean doing 意味著. by now 直到現(xiàn)在重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn)She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.她花去多年的時(shí)間觀察和記錄它們的日?；顒?dòng)。（spend+時(shí)間/金錢+doing sth花時(shí)間或金錢去做某事）Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.

8、她的母親頭幾個(gè)月來(lái)幫過(guò)她的忙；這才使她得以開(kāi)始自己的計(jì)劃。（only位于句首并修飾狀語(yǔ)，句子要發(fā)生部分倒裝，將助動(dòng)詞或聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞 置于主語(yǔ)之前）Following Jane s way of studing chimps , our group are all going to visit them in the forest.我們一行人將按照J(rèn)ane研究猩猩的方法去森林里拜訪他們。（-ing作方式狀語(yǔ)。注意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別：-ing主動(dòng)/進(jìn)行/ 延續(xù)，-ed被動(dòng)/過(guò)去，to do主動(dòng)/將來(lái)）t seemed that she had been very busy in her chos

9、en carrer travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles看起來(lái)她忙于所選擇的和寫作一樣的到國(guó)外研究。（It seemed that+ 從句：似乎是，看起來(lái)好像是。as well as 還有）5.What made her succeed later on was the kindness and consideration she showed to all her patients后來(lái)使她成功的是她對(duì)所有病人獻(xiàn)出的愛(ài)心和體貼。（What made her succeed主語(yǔ)從句。了解 what引導(dǎo)的名

10、詞性從句的譯法，明白它們?cè)诰渲械某煞郑鹤髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)）語(yǔ)法剖析（主謂一致）主謂一致，指人稱和數(shù)方面的一致關(guān)系。分為：語(yǔ)法一致，內(nèi)容一致，就近一 致。（一）語(yǔ)法一致原則：即主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù) 數(shù)。以下為注意事項(xiàng)：.單數(shù)主語(yǔ)即使后面帶有 with , along with, together with, like（象）,but （ 除了）,except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than（而不是），including, in addition to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。如:Air aswel

11、l as water is matter.空氣和水者 B 是物質(zhì)。 No one except twoservants was late for the dinner.除了兩個(gè)仆人外，沒(méi)有一個(gè)人遲來(lái)用餐。.用and連接的并列主語(yǔ)，如果主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)人，同一事，同一概念，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞用單數(shù)，否則用復(fù)數(shù)。如：The poet and writer has come.刃B位詩(shī)人兼作家來(lái)了 .（個(gè)人）A hammer and a saw are useful tools.錘子和鋸者B是有用的工具 .（兩樣物）用and連接的成對(duì)名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個(gè)整體,如:bread andbutter（黃油抹面包），k

12、nife and fork（刀叉）等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。.不定式（短語(yǔ)），動(dòng)名詞（短語(yǔ)），或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如：Serving the people is my great happiness.為人民服務(wù)是我最大的幸福.When we ll go out for an outing has been decided.我們什么時(shí)候出去郊游已決定了。.用連接的并列主語(yǔ)被each, every 或no修飾時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.每個(gè)男孩和每個(gè)女孩都喜歡去游泳.No teacher and no

13、 student was absent from the meeting.沒(méi)有老師也沒(méi)有學(xué)生開(kāi)會(huì)缺席.Each man and （each） woman is asked to help.每個(gè)男人和每個(gè)女人都被請(qǐng)去幫忙。. each of +復(fù)數(shù)代詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如：Each of us has something to say.我們每個(gè)人者B有話要說(shuō)。.若主語(yǔ)中有more than one 或many a/an , 盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù)， 但它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞仍用單數(shù)。 但more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one 做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng) 詞仍用復(fù)數(shù).如：Many a

14、boy likes playing basketball.許多男生都喜歡打籃球.More than one student was late.不只一個(gè)學(xué)生遲至 UMore persons than one come to help us.不止一個(gè)人來(lái)幫助我們。. none做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù)，也可用復(fù)數(shù)；但在代表不可數(shù)的東 西時(shí)總是看作單數(shù)，因而謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).如：None of us are (is) perfect. 人無(wú)完人。None of this worries me.這事一點(diǎn)不使我著急。.名詞如：trousers, scissors, clothes, goods, gla

15、sses等作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須用復(fù)數(shù).如：His clothes are good.但這些名詞前若出現(xiàn) a pair of ,謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù).如：A pair of glasses is on the desk.桌上有一副眼鏡。.形復(fù)意單名詞如：news ;以ics結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名稱如：physics, mathematics, economics;國(guó)名如：the United States;報(bào)紙名如:theNew Times;書名如：Arabian Night ;以及 The UnitedNations 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。.a 席詞+and a hal f “，”one and a

16、half 名詞” ，“the numberof +名詞”等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù).如：Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意：one or two +復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：One or two places have been visited.參觀了一兩個(gè)地點(diǎn)。(二)內(nèi)容一致原則：主語(yǔ)中有all, half, most, the rest 等，以及”分?jǐn)?shù)或百分?jǐn)?shù)+名詞”做主 語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于連用的名詞.如：剩下的自行車，今天出售。60%of the apple was eaten by little

17、boy.這個(gè)蘋果的60%都被這個(gè)小男孩吃了。Most of the apples were rotten.大部分的蘋果都是爛的。了。Most of the apple was eaten by a rat.這個(gè)蘋果的大部分被老鼠吃.不定數(shù)量的詞組,如:part of , a lot of , lots of , one of , a numberof , plenty of 等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)取決于量詞后面名詞的數(shù).如:A part of the textbooks have arrived.一小部分教科書已運(yùn)到。A part of the apple has been eaten

18、up by the pig.這個(gè)蘋果的一部分被豬吃光了。.加減乘除用單數(shù).如:Fifteen minus five is ten . 15減去5等于10 。The rest of the bikes are on sale today.表示時(shí)間，金錢，距離，度量等的名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，盡管是復(fù)數(shù)形式，它們做為一個(gè)單一的概念時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù).如:Ten miles is a good distance.十英里是一個(gè)相當(dāng)?shù)木嚯x。(1)通常作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞.包才5 police , people, cattle 等，這些集體 名詞通常用作復(fù)數(shù).如:The British police have onl

19、y very limited powers.(2)通常作不可數(shù)名詞的集體名詞.包括equipment, furniture, clothing, luggage 年（3）可作單數(shù)也可作復(fù)數(shù)的集體名詞.包括audience, committee, government, family, enemy, group, party, team, public等.如：The committee has/have decided to dismiss him.委員會(huì)決定解雇他。the +形容詞/過(guò)去分詞形式”表示一類人或事物，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 復(fù)數(shù).如:The injured were saved a

20、fter the fire.（三）就近原則.由here, there, where 等引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中，（有時(shí)主語(yǔ)不止一個(gè)時(shí)）謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上一致.如：Here comes the bus公共汽車來(lái)了 .Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.給你支車岡筆和幾張紙。Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?你不在這兒的時(shí)候，你愛(ài)人和孩子在哪兒呆呢？.用連詞 or, either. or, neither.nor, not only等buialso的并列主

21、語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上一致。如：Neither the students nor the teacher knows anything about it學(xué)生和老師都不知道這事.He or you have taken my pen.他或你拿了我的鋼筆。注意：one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+who/that/which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)。如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets.瑪麗是飼養(yǎng)寵物者之oThe only one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ who/that./which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，定語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)為單數(shù)。Mary

22、 is the only one of those people who keeps pets.瑪麗是唯一一個(gè)飼養(yǎng)寵物的人。Units 2 Working the land重要詞匯拓展sunburn v.日曬，曬黑-sunburnt adj. 曬黑的struggle v./n. 掙扎，奮斗，努力 struggle against struggle for struggle withdecade n. 十年，十年期super n.冗員，額外人員；口特級(jí)品，特大號(hào)商品；超級(jí)市場(chǎng)adj特級(jí)的, 極好的，非凡的. hunger n.饑餓，渴望/v.使饑餓一 hungry adj.饑餓的；渴望的6.ou

23、tput n. 產(chǎn)量，輸出，input輸入，消費(fèi).disturbing adj引起煩惱的，令人不安的，disturb v. 打擾，麻煩.expand vt.擴(kuò)大，擴(kuò)展,張開(kāi)，使發(fā)，詳談；引伸. circulate v. 循環(huán)，流通circulation n. 循環(huán)，流傳. battle n.戰(zhàn)役，戰(zhàn)斗v.搏斗，奮斗. therefore adv. 因此，所以. rid vt擺脫，除去.freedom n 自由，自主一 free adj自由的，免費(fèi)的.equip v. 酉己備， 裝備equipment n. 設(shè)備. export v. 輸出，出口 n.輸出（品）一 import v.輸入，進(jìn)口

24、n.進(jìn)口（品）.nationality n 國(guó)籍，national adj 國(guó)家的，民族的 nation n. 國(guó)家.occupation n 工作，職業(yè)，占領(lǐng) occupy v.占用，使從事，把注意力集中于.占領(lǐng)，占據(jù).confuse v. 使迷惑，使為難一 confused adj. 感到迷惑的 confusingadj.令人迷惑的regret v./n. 后悔，遺憾一 regretful adj.后悔的，遺憾的.production n. 生產(chǎn)，制造，productive 可生產(chǎn)的，可制造的，produce -v生產(chǎn)，制造.discovery n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺(jué)，discover-v 發(fā)現(xiàn)

25、，.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n焦點(diǎn)，中心點(diǎn). reduce v.減少，縮減一 reduction n. 減少，縮減comment n./v. 評(píng)論，議論重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理if not如果不. If so 如果這樣，.consider oneself sth 自認(rèn)為是consider sb sth 認(rèn)為某人是 .since then 從那時(shí)起.search for a way to do sth尋找做某事的途徑。.thanks to 幸虧，由于，因?yàn)椋╰o為介詞）.rid of 擺脫,除去get rid of 除去. be satisfied with 對(duì)感到滿意would rather do

26、than do 寧愿, 寧可 也不 =would do rather than do9with the hope of 滿懷希望.in some way 在某種程度上cause damage to 對(duì) 造成危害。build up 增強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)大lead to 導(dǎo)致，造成（to為介詞）focus on 集中（注意力、精力等）于keep from/of使免受（影響、傷害等）重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn)Dr Yuan Longping grows what is_called_supe匚hybridjice.袁隆平博士種植的是被稱為超級(jí)雜交水稻”的稻種。（what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句在句中作賓語(yǔ)）The special s

27、train of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same field這種特殊的稻種使得同樣的田地多收獲三分之一的產(chǎn)量。（makes it possible 中it為形式賓語(yǔ)，to do不定式短語(yǔ)為真正賓語(yǔ)）It s a great pity that 很遺憾的是 .Using his hybrid rice , farmers are producing harvest twice as large as before.由于使用了他的雜質(zhì)水稻，農(nóng)民的豐收是以前的兩倍。（-ing動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)作原

28、因狀語(yǔ)）語(yǔ)法剖析（非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)）一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)常用來(lái)表示經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)詞 -ing形式 作主語(yǔ)通常放在句首，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式。例如： Listening to music is my sister s hobby.動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，為了保持句子平衡，可以用 it作形式主語(yǔ)。常 用的結(jié)構(gòu)：It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ingIt is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of-i ng etc! + v如：It is no

29、 use crying over spilt milk.二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式既可作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，又可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。.以下動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)只接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)：admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest 等動(dòng)詞；can t stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of等短語(yǔ)。.在下列短語(yǔ)中，to是介詞，后面應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)：be / get used to,

30、 look forward to, devoteto, pay attention to,object to 等。.下列動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)既可以跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，也可以跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)，但意義上有區(qū)別： like, love, prefer 如表示經(jīng)常性的行為后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式；如表示具體 的行為常用動(dòng)詞不定式，但要注意：如果 like, love, prefer 前有would ,后 面則接動(dòng)詞不定式。如： Would you like to go shopping with me?下列幾組詞接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)和不定式作賓語(yǔ)含義不同：forget doing忘記已做過(guò)某事；forget

31、 to do忘記要做某事remember doingt己得做過(guò)某事； remember to dot己住要做某事mean doing 意思是，意味著；mean to do 打算做regret doing 后悔做過(guò)某事； regret to do遺憾要做某事can t help doing 禁不住做；can t help (to) do 不能幫忙做。在allow, permit, advise等動(dòng)詞后直接跟動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)，如果這些詞后面有名詞或代詞作賓語(yǔ)，其后要用動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。如：We don t allow smoking in the classroom.We don t

32、allow students to smoke.動(dòng)詞need, require, want 作需要”解時(shí)，其后用動(dòng)詞-ing的主動(dòng)形式 或不定式的被動(dòng)形式作賓語(yǔ)，這時(shí)動(dòng)詞-ing的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。如：Your coat wants washing. = Your coat wants to be washed.三、動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)詞-ing的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)即：物主代詞或名詞所有格（作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)也可以用代詞 賓格或名詞普通格）+動(dòng)詞-ing。如：Lucy s turning up surprised everyone present.Would you mind my / me using y

33、our mobile phone?四、動(dòng)詞-ing的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)以及否定形式動(dòng)詞-ing有一般式（doing）和完 成式（having done） 兩種時(shí)態(tài)，一般式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是being done ,完成式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是having been done 。動(dòng)詞-ing的完成式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作之前。動(dòng)詞-ing的否定形式是在doing之前加not。例如：I m sorry for not having told you the news earlier.Unit 3 A taste of English humour重要詞匯拓展humour n. 幽默-humorous adj.

34、幽默的content adj. 滿足的，滿意的n.滿足；內(nèi)容v.使?jié)M足performer n.表演者，演出者一 perform v. 表演；做，履行，執(zhí)行一performance n. 表演，履行astonish v. 使驚訝astonishing adj.令人驚訝的 astonished adj. 感到驚訝的fortunate adj.幸運(yùn)的fortune v. 幸運(yùn)，運(yùn)氣fortunately adv. 幸運(yùn)地unfortunately adv.不幸地depressed adj.憂傷的，抑郁的，消沉的，蕭條的depress-v 使消沉，使沮喪，愁苦，使貶值,.ordinary adj. 平

35、常的，普通的.bored adj. 厭煩的一bore v.使厭煩一 boring adj. 令人厭煩的.entertain v.使歡樂(lè)，款待一 entertainment n. 款待；娛樂(lè)，消遣. throughout prep. 遍及，貫穿adv.至U處，始終，全部.homeless adj無(wú)家可歸的，.worn adj 用舊的，用壞的，破爛的. overcome v. 戰(zhàn)勝，克服. convince v. 使信月艮-convincing adj.令人信月艮的fconvinced adj.相信的，信服的. direct v. 導(dǎo)演，指示，指揮adj.直的，直接的一 director n.導(dǎo)演

36、，指揮一directly adv. 直地，直接地一 direction n. 指導(dǎo)，方向.enjoyment n 享樂(lè)，歡樂(lè)，樂(lè)趣.outstanding adj. 突出的，杰出的，顯著的.particular adj. 特殊的，特別的一 particularly adv. 特殊地，特別地occasion n. 時(shí)刻，場(chǎng)合一 occasional adj. 偶爾的，臨時(shí)的一occasionally adv. 偶爾地，有時(shí)地. slide v./n. 滑動(dòng)，滑行.amuse v. 使發(fā)笑，使愉快一 amused adj. 愉快的一amusing adj. 逗人發(fā)笑的，令人愉快的一 amuseme

37、nt n.愉快，快樂(lè). whisper v./n. 耳語(yǔ)，低聲說(shuō)23、react v.做出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)一 reaction n.反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理break into 闖入，進(jìn)入. up to now 直到現(xiàn)在. brighten the lives of照亮某人的生活道路feel/be content with 對(duì)滿足badly off 窮的，缺少的in search of 尋找 . pick out 挑選出，辨認(rèn)出on the edge of在邊沿cut off 切斷，斷絕. in silence 沉默，不作聲make use of 使用be angry about 對(duì)很生氣13.sta

38、r in擔(dān)任主角,主演重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn). He made people laugh at a time when they felt depressed, sothey could feel more content with thei門ives.在人們感到沮喪的時(shí)候，卓別林使他們開(kāi)懷大笑，于是人們對(duì)自己的生活感到比較滿足。No one was ever bored watching him his subtle acting made everything entertaining.看他的表演沒(méi)有人會(huì)感到無(wú)聊一一他巧妙的表演使得一切都那么滑稽可 笑。Instead they are hiding

39、 in a small hut on the edge of a mountian during a snowstorm with nothing to eat.相反， 他們被暴風(fēng)雪 困在山邊的一個(gè)小木屋中，沒(méi)有任何東西可吃。（with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）語(yǔ)法剖析（動(dòng)詞的-ing形式作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）一、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ).表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，可以轉(zhuǎn)換到句首作主語(yǔ)Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.（= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her jo

40、b）她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。.表示主語(yǔ)具有的特征、性質(zhì)和狀態(tài)（動(dòng)詞ing相當(dāng)一個(gè)形容詞）The problem is quite puzzling.這個(gè)問(wèn)題很令困惑。.常用來(lái)作表語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有 astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising 等。全析提示：動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)往往是句子中的主語(yǔ)，但 用作表語(yǔ)的-ing形式也可帶有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)。What worries me mos

41、t is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的邏輯主語(yǔ)是 her)二、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)1單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作前置定語(yǔ)，一般具有兩種含義。說(shuō)明被修飾名詞的用途和性能。a reading room = a room which is used for reading閱覽室running shoes =shoes for running跑鞋a working method =a method for working工作方法表示所修飾的人或物的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在意思上接近一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，可以表示正在進(jìn)行

42、的動(dòng)作，也可表示經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作或當(dāng)時(shí)的狀態(tài)。developing countries = countries that are developing發(fā)展中國(guó)家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起來(lái)很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困擾人的問(wèn)題2作定語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式如是一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，則應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，做后置 定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing

43、 south)他 4住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basket?(二Who is playing basket)你認(rèn)識(shí)在打籃球的那個(gè)男孩嗎？The man visiting Japan （二the man who is visiting Japan ） is my uncle正在訪問(wèn)日本的那個(gè)男人是我的叔叔。三、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)1、動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)常放在賓語(yǔ)后面，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主 動(dòng)性的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)過(guò)程或一種狀態(tài)。When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front

44、 of the house.2、當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，原來(lái)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為 主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。They found the film very exciting. = The film is found very exciting.3、能用-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的幾類動(dòng)詞：1）表示感覺(jué)和心理狀態(tài)的感官動(dòng)詞，（常見(jiàn)的有see, hear, feel, smell,find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等）+ sb + doing sth（作賓補(bǔ)）I felt somebody standing behind me.2）表示指使意義的

45、動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞，（常見(jiàn)的有have, set, keep, get,catch, leave 等）+sb/ sth + doing sth （作賓補(bǔ)）We kept the fire burning all night long.我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I won t have you running about in the room.我不允許你在房間里跑來(lái)跑去。4、see, hear, feel, watch等動(dòng)詞之后用-ing形式和動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ) 補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別:We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing.前者表示動(dòng)作

46、正在進(jìn)行，后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程。Unit4 Body language重要詞匯拓展. statement; n. 陳述；說(shuō)明state-vt. 陳述；敘述；聲明.greet-v 問(wèn)候，迎接，打招呼 greeting -n敬禮，致意greetings 問(wèn)候 語(yǔ)，致詞.represent-v. 代表，象征 representative -n. 代表association; n. 社團(tuán)；聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想associate;vt. 使發(fā)生聯(lián)系，使聯(lián)合 adj. associated 聯(lián)合的，關(guān)聯(lián)的curious adj. 好奇的 curiously adv.好奇地dormitory-n 宿舍app

47、roach; vi.&vt. 接近；靠近 n.接近；方法；途徑.approachable - adj.可到達(dá)的；可親近的defend -vt. 保護(hù)；保衛(wèi)defense- n. 防衛(wèi)；防衛(wèi)設(shè)備；防御major-adj. 主要的 minor -adj.較小的；次要的. dash-v 猛沖，突進(jìn).1.misunderstand -vt. 誤解；誤會(huì) misunderstanding -n. 誤解；誤 會(huì) understanding -n. 諒解，理解adult-n 成人，成年人adj成人的，成熟的spoken- adj. 口語(yǔ)的 unspoken-adj. 非口語(yǔ)的；未說(shuō)出口的function-n

48、作用，動(dòng)能，只能v-起作用，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)likely- adj.可能的.false -adj錯(cuò)誤的，假的true真的，正確的.ease-n.安逸；舒適vt.減輕（痛苦；憂慮）easeful-adj.舒適的，安逸的. truly- adv. 真實(shí)地；真誠(chéng)地；真正地 true-adj. 真實(shí)的，真正的. anger-n. 怒氣；怒火 angry- adj. 生氣的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)梳理1. defend against 保衛(wèi)以免受2.intruduce sb to sb向某人介紹某人3.kiss sb on some part親吻某人的某個(gè)部位n defence 防御，保障.together with與某人一起.b

49、e likely to 很可能；有希望.reach one s hand out to sth把手伸出來(lái)取某物.on the contrary 相反.nod at sb 向某人點(diǎn)頭.greet sb with/by 通過(guò)一向某人問(wèn)候.express one s feelings達(dá)某人的感情. in general總的來(lái)說(shuō)；通常.at a job fair在求職會(huì)上.be nervous about對(duì)一感到緊張. at ease 舒適；快活；自由自在. lose face 丟臉.turn one s back to17寸；背棄.turn one s head awaytf巴頭轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)去.be wil

50、ling to 渴望.，愿意. look upset about sth又寸.感到沮喪重點(diǎn)句型再現(xiàn)I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.我看見(jiàn)幾個(gè)年輕人走進(jìn)了等候區(qū)，好奇地向四周張望。The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一個(gè)到達(dá)的是從哥倫比亞來(lái)的托尼？加西亞，隨后緊跟著的是英國(guó)的茱莉亞？史密斯。She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defense.她后退了幾步，看上去有些吃驚，并舉起了手，好像是在自衛(wèi)。Not all cultures greet each other the same way, Nor are they comfortable in the same way withtouching or distance between people.各種文化背景下的人互致問(wèn)候的方式不盡相同，身體接觸和相互間距的程 度也不盡相同We can often be wrong about each oth