八上英語語法總結加習題教程文件

1、八上英語語法總結加習題人生若沒有一段想起來就熱淚盈眶的奮斗史，那這一生就白活了。共勉英語復習提綱要點第一部分 英語四種時態(tài)歸納復習時態(tài)是英語學習中一個至關重要的內容，大家在實際運用時，往往對時態(tài)總是倍感棘手，下面我們就歸納復習一下這幾種時態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時：概念 ：經(jīng)常、反復發(fā)生的動作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。時間狀語：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month)” once a weekSundays, etc.基本結構：be動詞；行為動詞(如果主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式)否定形式： am

2、/is/are+not; 此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加 dont, 如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用 doesnt ，同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does,同時，還原行為動詞。基本用法表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作；表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等時間狀語。例如： a. He goes to school every day.b. He is very happy. c.The earth moves around the sun.在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用一般

3、現(xiàn)在時表示將來。例如：If you come this afternoon, we ll have a meeting.When I graduate, I ll go to countryside.有時這個時態(tài)表示按計劃、規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動作(句中都帶有時間狀語)，但限于少數(shù)動詞，如： begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close 等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven.b. The rain starts at nine in the morning.二、一般過去時： 概念

4、： 過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。, in 1989, ju時間狀語：agQ yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week/year,/night,/month now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.基本結構：be動詞的過去式； 行為動詞的過去式否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動t前加 didnt,同時還原行為動詞。一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did提問，同時還原行為動詞。三、

5、現(xiàn)在進行時：概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。時間狀語： now, at this time, these days, etc. （look! Listen!）基本結構：am/is/are+doing否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首?；居梅ǎ篴.表示現(xiàn)在（指說話人說話時）正在發(fā)生的事情。例如：We are waiting for you. 我們正在等你。b.習慣進行：表示長期的或重復性的動作，說話時動作未必正在進行。例如：Mr. Green is writing another novel.他在寫另一部小說。（說話時并未在寫，只處于

6、寫作的狀態(tài)。）c.表示漸變，這樣的動詞有： get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin 等。例如：The leaves are turning red. 葉子在變紅。Its getting warmer and warmer. 天越來越熱了。d.與always, forever等詞連用，表示反復發(fā)生的動作或持續(xù)存在的狀態(tài)，往往帶有說話人的主觀色彩。例如： You are always changing your mind. 你老是改變主意。不用進行時的動詞表示心理狀態(tài)的動詞， 如 know, realize, think, see, believe, sup

7、pose, imagine, agree, recognize, remember, want, need, forget, prefer, mean, understand, love, hate。例如：I need your help.我需要你的幫助。He loves her very much.他愛她彳艮深。瞬間動詞，如 accept, receive, complete, finish, give, allow, decide, refus殍。例如：I accept your advice.我接受你的勸告。系動t如 seem, remain, lie, see, hear, smell

8、, feel, taste, get, become, tuft。例如：You seem a little tired.你看上去有點累。四、一般將來時：概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或準備做某事。時間狀語：tomorrow, next day/week/month/year ，soon, in a few minutes, by,the day aftertomorrow, etc.基本結構：am/is/are going to + V原；will/shall + V 原.否定形式：am/is/are not going to +V原；will/shall + not+V 原

9、一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首?；居梅╯hall用于第一人稱，常被 will所代替。will在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時常用于第二人稱。例如：Which paragraph shall I read first?我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening今晚七點回家好嗎？be going to +V原,表示將來。a.主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如： What are you going to do tomorrow?明天打算作什么呢？b.計劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The play is going to b

10、e produced next month 這出戲下月開播。c.有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.看那烏云，快要下雨了。英語時態(tài)綜合練習(一)一般現(xiàn)在時一.用詞的適當形式填空。Miss Guo (teach) us Chinese this term. She (be) a very good teacher. She often (talk) withus after class. Many of us like (talk) with her.Where their father(work)?

11、 He (work) on a farm.What time the shop (close)? It (close) at nine oclock in the evening.He (go) to school by bus every day.Tom can not walk fast because he (carry) a heavy box.She often (read) English in the evening.She (go) to school at eight o clock.He usually up at 17:00. (get)She (live) in Bei

12、jing.二、句型轉換：I like the red sofa. ( 變否定句 )She has a nice cap. (變一般疑問句，并做肯定及否定回答)I am a bus driver. (變一般疑問句并做肯定回答 )They play football in the garden everyday. ( 變成否定句 )There is an egg in the basket.(變成復數(shù)形式的句子 )(二)一般過去時一將下列動詞變成過去式。lookwatchlikehopedecide_ plan_ stop_ carrystudy_ play_ stayletput_ read_

13、catch teachbuy_ bring_ think sitwrite_ drive_ ringsinkrungive_ win _ know grow_ throw_draw _ showfeelsleep_ keepsweepmeet二、 用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。I(buy) a new dictionary the day before yesterday. What day(be) it yesterday? It(be) Friday.He(be) here half an hour ago.We often(play) games last

14、term.She(give) me a book a moment ago.The girl(get) up very early this morning.They(take) photos near the river an hour ago.He (not watch) TV yesterday evening. Why(be) the boy late for school? Because he (be) ill.Mr. Green (come) to visit me last night.The teacher(agree) to our idea yesterday.They(

15、make) him work twelve hours a day last year.I(see) him in the library two days ago.She(write) her address on the blackboard ten minutes ago.三、按要求改寫下列各句。1. I was at home this morning. ( 改為一般疑問句，并作否定回答)2. He did morning exercises in the morning. ( 改為否定句 )七、3. They had a big dinner yesterday. ( 改為一般疑問句

16、，并作肯定回答 )九、went to see my uncle last Sunday.(改為否定句 )四、選擇填空。一 What did your father do when he was in England?He in a car factory.A. work B. worked C. is working D. will work-he at this school last term? - Yes, I think so.A. Did; study B. Does; study C. Was; study D. Did; studied一 Who cleaned the blac

17、kboard yesterday, Dick?John.A. cleaned B. does C. did D. isThere a lot of people at the street corner when the accident (事故)happened (發(fā)生).A. was B. were C. have been D. hadHe turned off the lights and thenA. leaves B. left C. will leave D. is leaving Hi, Kate. You look tired. Whats the matter?I well

18、 last night.A. didnt sleep B. dont sleep C. havent slept D. wont sleepJenny went into the room, took off his coat and down on a sofa.A. would sit B. was sitting C. sat D. had satEveryone there when the meeting began.A. was B. is C. are D. Were- Your phone number again? I quite catch it.- Its 6956844

19、2.A. didnt B. couldnt C. dont D. cant(三)現(xiàn)在進行時一、用現(xiàn)在進行時完成下列句子：Whatyou(do)?I(sing) an English song.What he(mend)?He(mend) a car.you(fly) a kite? Yes, .she(sit) in the boat?you(ask) questions?We(play) games now.、單項選擇) 1. 我在照看孩子.(A)I am looking after the baby. (B)Im look aftering the baby.(C)I look am af

20、tering the baby. (D)I looking after the baby.) 2.friends makinga kite.(A)I, me (B) My, my (C)My,me (D)His,his)3.Is the woman yellow your teacher?(A)in (B)putting on (C)wearing (D)having)4.Look!The twinstheir mother do the housework.(A)are wanting (B)help (C)are helping (D)are looking)5.are the birds

21、 doing? They are singing in a tree.(A)Who (B)What (C)How (D)Where)6.Is shesomething?(A)eat (B)eating (C)eatting (D)eats TOC o 1-5 h z )7.你在干什么?(A)What is you doing? (B)What are you do?(C)What are you doing? (D)What do you do?)8.What are you listening?(A)/ (B)for (C)at (D)to)9. 我正在聽他說話.(A)I listening

22、 to him. (B)Im listening to him.(C)Im listen to him. (D)Im listening him.)10.They aretheir clothes.(A)making (B)putting(C)put away(D)putting on)11.Listen! Shein the classroom.(A)is singing (B)sing (C)to sing(D)is sing)12.Today Jimhis white shirt and brown trousers.(A)is putting on (B)wear (C)put on

23、(D)is wearing)13.are you eating?Im eatingmeat.(A)What,some (B)Which,any (C)Where,not (D)What,a( )14.TheyTV in the evening.They do their homework.(A)are watching (B)cant watching (C)dont watch (D)dont watching( )15.The childrenfootball.(A)is playing (B)are playing (C)play the (D)play a()16.They are f

24、lying kites.(A)他們喜歡放風箏.(B)他們在放風箏嗎？(C)他們在放風箏.(D)他們常放風箏.()17.Look,They are swimming in the river.I want you.(A)to go with (B)go with (C)helping(D)help()18.Look.Lucy is a new bike today.(A)jumping (B)running (C)riding(D)taking(四)一般將來時()1. Her hope the 2008 Olympic Games.A. to take part in B. is to take

25、 part in C. taking part in D. will take part in()2. - Can I go to Beijing for my holiday, Dad? - You can when you a bit older.A. will get B. get C. are getting D. got()3. If he harder, he will catch up with us soon.A. study B. studies C. will study D. studied()4. - Don t forget to ask him to write t

26、o me.-I won t. As soon as he, Ill ask him to write to you.A. will come B. came C. comes D. is coming()5. - Jimmy is leaving for a holiday.-Really? Where he?A. has; gone B. will; go C. did; go D. would; go()6. Frank to see his grandma if he free tomorrow.A. will come; will be B. comes; isC. will come

27、; is D. comes; will be()7. There a talk on science in our school next Monday.A. will give B. will be C. is going to give D. is()8. - Shall we go shopping now?-Sorry, I can t. I my shirts.A. wash B. washes C. washed D. am washing()9. I believe that those mountains with trees in a few years time.A. ar

28、e covered B. will be covered C. are covering D. will cover()10. It is said that about 400 cars in the factory next month.A. were produced B. will produce C. are produced D. will be produced()11.- Are you free this afternoon?-No. I ll have an English composition this afternoon.A. to write B. wrote C.

29、 to be writing D. to be written ()12. - Come back home every month.- I .A. will B. must C. should D. can（ ）13. A robot think of itself; it be told what to do.A. can t; must B. couldn t; can C. may not; will D. mustn t, may第二部分 形容詞副詞的比較級（形容詞比較級的基本用法參看課本P114 Grammar ）一 . 比較級和最高級的構成：.規(guī)則變化：一般在詞尾加-er -es

30、t例如：calm-calmer-calmest tall-taller-tallest smart-smarter-smartest以字母e 結尾的直接在詞尾加 -r -st例如：nice-nicer-nicest fine-finer-finest large-larger-largest以輔音 +y 結尾的詞，變y 為 i, 再加 -er/-est例如：early-earlier-earliest happy-happier-happiest busy-busier-busiest以重讀閉音節(jié)單個輔音字母結尾的詞，雙寫輔音字母，再加-er/-est例如：big-bigger-biggest

31、 thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest fat-fatter-fattest多音節(jié)或部分雙音節(jié)的形容詞在原級前面加more/most例如：popular-more popular-most popular important-more important-most important. 不規(guī)則變化：（重點記憶）好 good / well better best壞 bad / badly /ill worse worst多 many / much more most少 little less least老 old older / elder oldes

32、t / eldest遠 far farther /further farthest / furthest注意 friendly 的比較級和最高級有兩個： friendly friendlier/more friendly friendliest /most friendly二 . 比較級的用法：當兩個人或事物(A和B)進行比較時，我們需要用到形容詞(副詞)的原級或者比較 級。.原級比較：表達A和B(的情況)一樣the sameas (P20： 1b & P21 : 2b)公式:A+ be 動詞 +as+形容詞 原級+as+B I am the same tall as you. / His d

33、ream is the same as mine.A+ 實義動詞 +as+IP詞原級 +as+B He runs the same fast as I. /This is the same tool as I used yesterday.as- as (= the samea (P18: 2b & P19: G.F./3a)公式：A+ be動詞的否定形式+as+形容詞原級+as+B I am as tall as you.A+動詞 +as+IP詞原級 +as-+BHe runs as fast as I.注意：A不如B用not as/so幽結構。公式:A+ be 動詞的否定形式 +as/so

34、+fl 容詞原級 +as+B I am not as/so tall as you.A+助動詞的否定形式+動詞原形+as+副詞+as+BHe doesnt run as fast as I.造句：Jim 唱的和 Tom樣好。 (the same- as)Jim唱的和 Tom 一樣好。(asas )Jim唱的不如Tom好。 (3)運用原級時要注意的問題：as long as和一樣長；長達之久；只要；既然找出as long as對應的意思，標出序號：It took him as long as 6 hours to do his homework.My rope is as long as you

35、rs. As long as you are going, Ill go too. As long as you tell truth, I ll try. tohel you另外：請說明課本P21： 2b部分第一篇文章最后一句中as long as的意思：.比較級：表達A比B(1)表示“A比B更一”：adj.比較級+thane.g. I am taller than you.(單音節(jié))e.g. You are more beautiful than Tina.(多音節(jié))(2)表示 兩個當中較的一個：the +adj.比較級of范圍(the two/the twins)注意of后面的范圍!e.

36、g. Tom is the taller of the two.(單音節(jié))e.g. Tina isjhe more beautiful of the twins.(多音節(jié))(3)表示 越來越”：adj.比較級+and+ adj.比較級。e.g. It is getting warmer and warmer.(單音節(jié))e.g. Our country is becoming more and more beautiful1多音節(jié))(4)表示 越，就越：The+ adj.比較級，the+ adj.比較級e.g. The bigger, the better越大越好。(單音節(jié))The more,

37、the better.越多越好/多多益善。e.g. The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will mak肺越細心，犯錯就越少。(多首節(jié)).運用形容詞、副詞比較級應當注意的問題：(1)比較級前面可以加上表示 優(yōu)劣程度”的詞或短語，意思是 更”，“得”。常見詞有much, a little, even, a lot, a great dea。 ( P21 ： 2b )e.g. He is much taller than I他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he 我跳得比他高一點點。He gets

38、even worse than yesterday.(的病情) 比昨天更糟。(2)特殊用法：比較級前面可以加上表示具體數(shù)量差別的結構，表示具體“大多少”，“小多少”，“長多少”，“短多少”等。e.g. I am two years older than heft 比他大兩歲。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.(3)按語法規(guī)則，than后面的人稱代詞應當用主格，但口語當中有時會用賓格代替主格。e.g. He is more careful than I (me).(4)要注意比較對象的一致性：只有同類的事物才能進行比較。判斷： A:

39、Her bag is bigger than mine.( )Her bag is bigger than I.( )B: The weather in Jilin is much colder than that in Hainan.( )The weather in Jilin is much colder than Hainan. ( )(5)要注意比較的范圍判斷： A: Jack is taller than any students in his class. ()Jack is taller than any other students in his class.( )Jack

40、is in Class 1.Jack is taller than any students in Class 2.()Jack is taller than any other students in Class 2.()填空 China is larger than country in Asia.China is larger than country in Europe.針對性訓練That boy looks as as a boxer.A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. more strongThe Summer Palace is than

41、Zhong Shan park.A. biger B. more big C. the biggest D. biggerWhich do you like, apples or oranges?A. good B. better C. best D. well-Oh, the food is bad.-I think so .And the service服務)is.A. the worst B. worse C. badder D. the worse-You have the same coat as I.-No, Mine is , but not so as yours.A. bet

42、ter, expensiveB. better, more expensiveC. much better, more expensive D. good, more expensiveThe experts think thatIndia population may be tharChina 2020.A. much, by B. more, in C. larger, by D. larger, onThis year our school is than it was last year.A. much beautiful B. the most beautiful C. beauti

43、fuler D. much more beautifulyou work,knowledge you will get.A. The harder, more B. The harder, the more C. Harder, the more D. Harder, moreHe has friends than I.A. much more B. many more C. very more D. too moreShe draws better than .( P21： 2b )A. us all B. we all C. all us D. all weShanghai is larg

44、er than city in China.A. any B. any other C. the othersD. any elseI (not sure whether Mary can sing Anna.A. as well as B. as good as C. as better as（形容詞、副詞最高級的基本用法參看課本P114 -115Gramma。.最高級的構成規(guī)則（略）：【參見之前比較級的構成規(guī)則】.最高級的用法:當三個或三個以上的人或事物進行比較時，我們需要用到形容詞（副詞）的最高級 最高級的常用句型：the+形容詞（副詞）的最高級：表達”是中最的”。后可加表范圍的介詞短語

45、或從句公式：主語+be動詞+the + 形容詞最高級+ （名詞）+表示范圍的介詞短語或從句 主語+實義動詞+ （the） +副詞最高級+表示范圍的介詞短語或從句E.g. He is the tallest （student） in our class.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.one of +the +最高級+復數(shù)名詞：表示 最一的一中一個”。E.g. He is one of the best students in our clas她是我們班最好的學生

46、之。This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden這是花園里最漂亮的花之。the +序數(shù)詞+形容詞最高級+單數(shù)名詞：表示“第幾大/高/長”。E.g. Huanghe is the second longest river in ChinaIt 河是中國第二長河。(特殊疑問詞+be ) + the +最高級，A, B or C?用于三選一的選擇疑問句。E.g. Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth太陽、月球和地球哪個最大?.形容詞的最高級前面有定冠詞the，而副詞的

47、最高級前面定冠詞the可以省略。但在形容詞最 高級前有物主代詞時，不能要定冠詞the.常見的用來表示范圍的介詞有in, of, amongin表示環(huán)境范圍，通常用于在一定范圍內的比較,后常接表示區(qū)域、時間、單位、團體等 的名詞或代詞，并且后面的名詞和主語不是同一概念的范疇。E.g. The Changjiang River is the longest river in China.London is the biggest city in Britain.She sings the best in Class Two.The child was very young, but he wasn

48、t the youngest in the family.of表示對象范圍.一般用于同類事物間的比較，且of后的名詞與亦語是同一概念范峻。A: of the+基數(shù)詞(+名詞復數(shù))結構，指的是具體數(shù)目中，表示 個之中最。Peter is the oldest boyof the three boys.This is the smallestof the three.This is the shortestof the four roads.B:of all / of all+(the)+名詞復數(shù)/ of all+ones+名詞復數(shù)，表示其中之最。Of all choices, this is t

49、he best.在各種辦法之中，這種最好。Hes the most intelligent of all the students.Of all my hobbies, swimming is my favorite.They all spoke English badly, but Jack spoke the worst of them.3) of, among用于在多數(shù)同類事物中(通常為三者以上)進行比較，表示其中之最，后面一般接 名詞或代詞。同of一樣，也表示對象范圍，因此 among與of有時可互換使用。Li Ming is the most handsome among(of) t

50、he boys.This book is the best among the modern novels.3)The picture is the most beautiful among these.此外， among 后面還可以接形容詞的最高級，表示其中之一的含義。例句： London is among the largest cities in the world.Hangzhou is among the most beautiful cities in China.表示最高程度的形容詞，如 favorite/ excellent/ extreme/ perfect等，沒有最高級，也

51、不能用比 較級。. 形容詞最高級前如果有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格、序數(shù)詞等修飾時，不能再用定冠詞 the.E.g. This is my most beautiful clothe. ( )This is my the most beautiful clothe. ( )【針對性訓練】Shu-how Lin is now one of basketball players in the NBA.A. popular B. more popular C the most popularShe prefers football because she thinks its among all

52、 sports.A. interesting B. more interesting C. the most interesting Which city haspopulation, Beijing, Guiyang or Luoyang? Luoyang, of course.A. the largest B. the smallest C. the mostD. the leastJay Chou is one of thesingers in China.A. famous B. more famous C. most famousWho listens, Tom, Jack or B

53、ill?A. the most carefully B. more carefully C. the most careful D. more careful Today is theday in my life, because I won the first prize in the competition. Congratulation!A. happy B. happiest C. happier D. much happier一 Which is the season of a year? Summer.A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hotestOf

54、all the students, she looks .A, the happiest B. the most happiest C. happier D. happy What kind of music do you like, folk music, pop music or classical music? Classical music.A. well B. better C. bestChina is the thirdcountry in the worldA. large B. largest C. larger D. as large asTom isof the thre

55、e.A. the funnier B. funniest C. the funniest D. the most funnySara isin my family.A. outgoing B. more outgoing C, most outgoing D. the most outgoingall the students in his class, Mary is the shortest.A. In B. For C. From D. OfHong Kong is more crowded thanin South America.A. any city B. any other ci

56、ty C. other cities D. the other citiesWho jumps in your class?A. higher B. the highest C. taller D. Tallest第三部分 八年級非謂語動詞to do ）做賓語want to do sth想要做某事would like to do sth想要做某事hope to do sth希望做某事decide to do sthft定做某事seem to do sth似乎要做某事learn to do sth學習做某事wish to do sth 希望做某事plan to do sth 計劃做某事can w

57、ait to do sth迫不及待地做某事use sth to do sthffi某物做某事stay up late to do sth 熬夜做某事beafraid to do sth 害怕做某事Its time to do sth 到做某事的時間了 It is+ adj.+ to do sth 做某事是怎樣的the first man to do sth做某的事第一個人 the last man to do sth做某事的最后一個人 be sorry/happy to do sth 做某事很遺憾、高興It is +adj.+ for sb+ to do sth.對某人來說做某事是怎樣的It

58、is +adj. + of sb + to do sth. 做某事的某人是怎樣的It takes sb some time to do sth某事花費某人多長時間二、只能加動名詞（ doing ）做賓語mind doing sth 介意做某事finish doing sth 做完某事practice doing sth 練習做某事 enjoy doing sth 喜愛做某事keep on doing sth.反復做某事keep doing sth不停地做某事imagine doing sth.幻想做某事practice doing sth 練習做某事spend doing sth花時間或錢做某

59、事suggest doing sthft議做某事miss doing sth錯過做某事，想念做某事be busy doing sth忙于做某事feel like doing sth想要做某事have trouble （in） doing sth做某事很費勁 /困難have fun doing sth做某事彳艮愉快have a good time doing sth故某事彳艮高興be good at doing sth 擅長做某事have problems doing sth故某事很費勁/困難介詞 + doing sth（after doing sth 做某事后before doing sth

60、做某事之前）go doing sth去做某事can t stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事be bad for doing sth不禾于做某事be good for doing sth有禾于做某事be interested in doing sth 對做某事感興趣take turns doing sth 輪流做某事can t heldpoing sth= can t stop doing sth 情不自禁地做某事find doing sth + adj. 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事是怎樣的 = find it +adj.+ to do sthlook forward to doing sth.盼望