新教材高中英語Book 1(U 4 NATURAL DISASTERS)配套高考精準(zhǔn)閱讀訓(xùn)練

1、新教材高中英語Book 1(U 4 NATURAL DISASTERS)配套高考精準(zhǔn)閱讀訓(xùn)練I .閱讀理解A（2022 泰安市高三二輪檢測）In 2018, I wanted to do something to bring change for people in my community.l carried out research to understand the problems affecting them and found that climate change was the greatest threat.When I realised many people in the

2、 rural areas faced fatal impacts such as landslides, floods and droughts, I decided to stand up.Seeing climate change threaten the availability of food and water in my country was a wake-up call.We are focused and very clear with our demands.We are not afraid of holding governments and corporations

3、accountable for the climate crisis because the science is clear.We will not give up because our future is at stake .We need to demand for climate action as our lives depend on it too, because we do.Farmers in Ontario stood up against a proposed mega quarry （采石場）in their land.They held festivals to d

4、raw attention, they spoke up against corporate mining which threatened their groundwater and soil, they mobilized many people to stop it and in 2012, Highland Company withdrew their plans.I hope to see the end of the fossil fuel industry, and we need renewable energy.We need sustainability in every

5、sector through green building and clean transportation.! hope to see recovery of our ecosystems through planting more trees, having urban forests and protecting wildlife.Our existence depends on that of our ecosystems.I hope to see more recovery projects built in the most affected communities.There

6、are many climate movements all over the world and most have social media accounts.Find a local group that you can work with to demand climate action.When people are united, they cannot be defeated.Earth is our home to protect.Everyone is needed.l.Why did the author take immediate action?ni.語法填空【語篇解讀

7、】本文是說明文。過去的幾百年間，地球上的許多地方仍有科學(xué)家未解之謎。而對于復(fù)活島和史前巨石柱而言，在沒有大型起重搬運設(shè)備的時期，如何 搬運巨石是科學(xué)家的疑問。l.have puzzled/have been pigling 考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， 空處作謂語，句中有in the past centuries,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響， 或者動作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在而且還可能繼續(xù)下去，因此應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完 成進(jìn)行時。先行詞places為復(fù)數(shù)，故謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。.which 考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先 行詞為these struc

8、tures,且空處在從句中作主語，因此使用which。.height 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處作介詞in的賓語，因此應(yīng)使 用名詞形式。.in 考查介詞。be arranged in two circles意為“被安排成兩個圈”，in在此處用 來顯示某物的形式、形狀。.weighing 考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句中有完整的句子成分，故 空處考查非謂語動詞，each是weigh動作的發(fā)出者，因此應(yīng)使用weighing,構(gòu)成獨立 主格結(jié)構(gòu)。.known 考查非謂語動詞。分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處考查過去分詞作the outer circle的后置定語,表示“被稱作。.curr

9、ently 考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處修飾謂語，應(yīng)用副詞，因 此填 currentlyo .the 考查冠詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處表示特指，the island指代上文提及 的 Easte門sland。.locations 考查名詞的數(shù)。空處被形容詞different修飾，因此空處使用名詞復(fù) 數(shù)形式。lO.were transported 考查時態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)該 填謂語，且與主語stones為被動關(guān)系，整句表達(dá)的是過去發(fā)生的事件，因此使用一 般過去時的被動語態(tài)。主語the enormous stones為復(fù)數(shù)，故謂語動詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。A.He want

10、ed to change people in his community.B.He reminded people of valuing food and water.C.He was aware of the danger of the climate change.D.He was interested in the problems in the rural areas.What does the underlined word mobilized in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Forced. B.Forbade.C.Warned. D.Organized.What can

11、 we infer from the third paragraph?A.Renewable energy has replaced the fossil fuel.More recovery projects have been built in many communities.C.The fossil fuel industry does harm to our ecosystems.D.The fossil fuel industry doesnt account for our existence.4.What is the purpose of this text?A.To app

12、eal to people to unite to protect environment.B.To clarify the authors contribution for the community.C.To recommend us a new kind of renewable energy.D.To show the importance of banning the fossil fuel industry.B（2022 昆明市“三診一模”高考模擬）Bangladesh? s floating gardens, built to grow food during flood sea

13、sons, could offer a continuous solution for parts of the world which are likely to suffer from flooding because of climate change, a new study has found.Bangladesh? s floating gardens began hundreds of years ago.The gardens are made from native plants that float in the rivers and operate almost like

14、 rafts （筏）,rising and falling with the waters.Historically, they were used to continue growing food during rainy seasons when rivers were filled with water.The farmers layer the plants about three feet deep, creating a version of raised-bed gardens that float in the water.Then, they plant vegetables

15、 inside those rafts.As the raft-plants rot away, they release nutrients, which help feed the vegetable plants.But as climate change affected the volume of water in those rivers, the researchers wanted to understand whether Bangladesh? s floating gardens could be a continuous farming practice.They in

16、terviewed farming families and found strong evidence that floating gardens provide stability, both in the amount of food available to feed rural populations and in a farming family s income.They found that farmers typically use hybrid （雜交植物）seeds, which must be repurchased each year, to grow a diver

17、se range of vegetables in the floating gardens.The gardens are also sensitive to pests, so farmers end up spending some money on both pesticides and fertilizers.But even with those expenses, they found, benefits outweighed costs.One farmer told the research team that he earns up to four times as muc

18、h money from the gardens as from traditional rice fields.However, before gaining profits, farmers often take out high-interest loans （貸款）to cover the investment costs of filling the beds and stocking them with plants.Luckily, there are also lower-interest loans from responsible government or non-gov

19、ernmental organizations, which could ease that burden.5.How do vegetable plants grow according to the text?A.By absorbing nutrition from raft-plants.B.By taking shelter from climate change.C.By living together with hybrid seeds.D.By moving up and down with raised beds.6.What might be a reply from fa

20、rming families interviewed?A/zOur life becomes tough when rivers flood/”Fewer vegetables are planted when water rises.”We harvest much more food during rainy seasons/”Climate change has little influence on our income/.What does the underlined word “outweighed in paragraph 5 mean?A.Affected. B.Brough

21、t.C.Beat. D.Equaled.What can be inferred from the text?A.A solution to climate problems has been found.B.The gardens are built with rotted native plants.C.Farmers earn more from traditional rice fields.D.Low-interest loans lighten the stress of farmers.IL完形填空（2022 武漢市三月質(zhì)量檢測）One day I was driving to

22、the marsh （濕土也）for bird-watching. The weather forecast called for the possibility of fog.As I _1_ the destination, the fog began to _2_. At a turning, I lost 3_ of the car and ran into the wet land.I tried to open the door, but it was locked as the water had _4_ the electrical system. I remembered I

23、 had a fire extinguisher （滅火器）. I _5_ it and gave the window a 6 hit. It merely bounced off. I hit it again, with the 7 result.The water level had risen, and soon I was swinging the extinguisher underwater. I had to _8_ for air and down to take as many _9_ as my breath would allow. I was nearly _10_

24、. A part of me just wanted to give up. But then another thought came to mind, “You have 11 more time. What will you do with it? ” m going to try _12_, “ I responded.I 13 swinging the fire extinguisher as hard as I could and suddenly the impact felt different. I _14_ my left hand and felt a hole in t

25、he _15_. I knew I was going to live.A.sought B.approached C.chose D.visited.A.rise B.lift C.decrease D.disappea.A.sightB.track C.touch D.control.A.operatedB.settled C.shorted D.developed.A.brokeB.grabbed C.hung D.closed.A.gentle B.mild C.direct D.sharp.A.same B.joyful C.positive D.different.A.go out

26、 B.go away C.go up D.go over.A.fists B.swingsC.cuts D.calls.A.delighted B.disappointed C.determined D.desperate.A.a littleB.muchC.plenty ofD.far.A.weaker B.harder C.better D.worse.A.started B.pausedC.continued D.considered.A.waved B.shook C.extended D.took.A.car B.doorC.extinguisher D.windowin.語法填空(

27、2022 濰坊市高三聯(lián)考)There are places on earth that 1. (puzzle) scientists in the past centuries and have been the subject of much discussion around the world.Two of the most fascinating places are Easter Island and Stonehenge.Lying in the South Pacific, Easter Island is one of the most isolated places on e

28、arth and is famous for the large stone monoliths (獨塊巨石)that line its coast.Shaped like human heads, these structures, 2.were carved by ancient people, range in 3.(high) from about 5 to 22 meters.Today, about 600 stones remain.On the opposite side of the world stands Stonehenge.This ancient English s

29、ite is a collection of large stones arranged 4.two circles, one inside the other.Although only ruins of the original formation exist today, archaeologists believe that the inner circle of bluestones, each 5.(weigh) about 4 tons, was built first.The giant stones that form the outer circle, 6.(know) a

30、s sarsen (砂巖原礫)stones, weigh as much as 50 tons each!Scientists 7.(current) believe that early Polynesian residents carved 8.island s monolithsbelieved to be some symbolsfrom volcanic rock, and then pulled them to their different 9. (location).And the enormous stones at Stonehenge 10. (transport) fr

31、om places around the country.Scientists consider this a remarkable achievement, for heavy lifting equipment used in modern construction was not available at that time.參考答案I .閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章主要講述了作者看到氣候變化帶來的威脅后，決定采取措施并呼吁人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來保護(hù)地球。答案C 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可推知，作者立即采取行動是因為 他意識到了氣候變化的危險。答案 D 詞句猜想題。根據(jù)畫線詞

32、所在句中的“They held festivals to draw attention, they spoke up against corporate mining which threatened their groundwater and soilv以及“many people to stop it”可知，他們發(fā)動了許多人來阻止采礦。由此 可推知，mobilized應(yīng)意為“發(fā)動，組織”，與D項意思相近。答案C 推理判斷題。通讀第三段尤其是第一句可推知，化石燃料工業(yè)對我們 的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)會造成破壞。答案A 推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容尤其是最后一段可知，這篇文章的目的是 呼吁人們團(tuán)結(jié)起來保護(hù)地球。

33、【詞匯積累】.carry out research 開展研究.availability n.有效性，實用性.accountable adj.負(fù)有責(zé)任的.withdraw their plan撤回他們的計劃.renewable adj,可再生的.sustainability/sstein3blati/n.持續(xù)性B【語篇解讀】 本文是說明文。孟加拉國的“漂浮菜園”為世界上因氣候變化而 易發(fā)生洪水的地區(qū)提供可持續(xù)的解決方案。文中詳細(xì)介紹了農(nóng)民如何制作有機(jī)植床、 如何在植床上種植、這種種植方式的優(yōu)點等。答案 A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“As the raft-plants rot away, th

34、ey release nutrients, which help feed the vegetable plants.” 可知，當(dāng)有機(jī)植物筏子腐爛時,它們 會釋放營養(yǎng)，這些營養(yǎng)就為菜秧提供了養(yǎng)分，故菜秧是通過吸收植物筏子的營養(yǎng)生長 的。答案D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，漂浮菜園在保證農(nóng)村人口的食物量和 農(nóng)民家庭的收入方面都具有穩(wěn)定性。故被采訪的農(nóng)民家庭的回答可能是D項“氣候 變化對我們的收入幾乎沒影響答案 C 詞句猜想題。根據(jù)第五段中的“But even with those expenses, they found, benefits outweighed costs”可知，即使在有那些開

35、支的情況下，收益還是“超 出”本錢。A項意為“影響”；B項意為“帶來”；C項意為“勝過”；D項意為“等于答案 D 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段尾句uLuckily, there are also lower-interest loans from responsible government.that burden” 可知，低息貸款減輕了農(nóng)民的壓力。【詞匯積累】l.layer vt.把分層堆放2.rot away 腐爛3.practice熟義：n.練習(xí)生義：n.通常的做法；慣例4.sensitive adj.敏感的5.interest熟義：n.興趣生義：n.利息6.cover熟義：v.覆蓋生義：v.足夠支付II .完形填空【語篇解讀】 本文是記敘文。作者表達(dá)自己有一天開車去沼澤地觀鳥時，車子 失去控制陷進(jìn)了沼澤地，當(dāng)作者處在危險的境地時，他經(jīng)過不斷的嘗試和努力，成功 擺脫了困境。答案 B 根據(jù)文章中的 “One