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1、高 中 英 語 常 見 前 后 綴一、前綴a- 1.無、不、非:amoral (非道德性的).意為 in, on, at, by, with, to : asleep (在熟睡中).加強(qiáng)意義:aloud大聲的ac-有at, to 之意或表示加強(qiáng)意義:accompany (陪伴)ad-有at, to之意或表示加強(qiáng)意義:adventure (冒險)an-加強(qiáng)或引申意義:announce (宣布)ante -前、先:anteroom (前室,接待室)anti -反對、相反;防止:antiwar (反戰(zhàn)的)auto-自己、自動: autobiography (自傳)automatic autonomo

2、usbe- 1.使;使成為 :befool欺騙,愚弄;.加強(qiáng),飾以,用(做某事):becloud遮暗,遮蔽;.在:beside (在 旁邊).加強(qiáng)或引申意義:befall (降臨;發(fā)生)bene-善、好:bene巾t (恩惠,利益)bi-兩、二:bcolor (兩色的)bicycleby-旁、側(cè);(非正式)副:byroad小路circum-周圍、環(huán)繞: circumplanetary 環(huán)繞行星的co- 共同: coaction 共同行動col- 共同:colleague (同事)com - 1.共同: combine 聯(lián)合;結(jié)合。2.加強(qiáng)或引申意義:commix混合con- 1. 共同:con

3、colorous 同色的;2.加強(qiáng)或引申意義:conclude結(jié)束,終結(jié)contra - 反對、 相反: contraposition 對照; 針對cor- 1.共同;互相: correlation 相互關(guān)系;2.加強(qiáng)或引申意義:correct糾正counter - 反對、相反: contramarch (反方向行進(jìn) )de- 1.否定、非、相反:denationalize (非國有化).除去、取消、毀: desalt (除去鹽分)deflower.離開:detrain下火車;.向下、降低、少:depress (EE低、壓下).加強(qiáng)意義:design (計劃、設(shè)計)deca- 十:decame

4、ter (10 米)deci-十分之一:decimeter (十分之一米,1分米)demi -半:demigod半神半人di-二、雙:disyllable 雙音節(jié)dia-貫通、對穿、透過、二者之間: dialogue (對話)di(s)- 1.不、無;相反:dislike (不喜歡).取?肖、除去、毀: discolor (使退色)disability disableddisadvantagedisagree disagreementdisappear disappoint disappointed discountdiscourage discoverdiscovery.加強(qiáng)意義:dispo

5、rt (分開、裂開).分開、離散:divorce (離婚)em- 1.置于 之內(nèi),上 :embus (裝入車中、上車).用做某事;飾以;配以 :embank (筑提防護(hù)).使成某種狀態(tài);致使 ,使之如;做成:embrown著褐色en- 1.用 做某事;飾以 ;配以 :encloud (陰云遮蔽) encourage(ment) enjoy(able).使成某種狀態(tài);致使 ,使之如;做成:enlarge (使擴(kuò)大、放大).加在動詞之前,表示in或只做加強(qiáng)意義:enclose (圍入、關(guān)進(jìn))ex- 1.出、外、由中弄出:export (出口).前任的、以前的:ex-soldier (退伍軍人)ex

6、tra - 以外、超過:extraordinary (格夕卜的)fore -前、先、預(yù)先:foretell (預(yù)言)forecast forehead foreseehector -百:hectometer (100 米)hemi - 半:hemisphere (半球)il-(在l之前)不、無、非:illogical (不合邏輯的)illegalim-(用在b, m, p之前)1.不、無、非:impossible (不可能的).向內(nèi)、入:import (輸入、入口)immigration impress impression.使成:飾以;加以:impulse (沖動)in- 1.不; 無; 非

7、: informal (非正式的) independent.內(nèi),入:inside (內(nèi)部、里面)income.使;作 :inspirit (使振作精神)inter - 1.在之間;際:international (國際的)2.互相:interview (會見)intra -在內(nèi)、內(nèi)部:intraday (一天之內(nèi)的)intro -向內(nèi)、入內(nèi):introduce (引入、介紹)ir-(用在r之前)不、無:irregular (不規(guī)則的)kilo - 千:kilometer (千米、公里) kilogrammacro -大、宏、長: macro-world (宏觀世界)micro -微: micr

8、o-world (微觀世界) microscope microwavemilli -(也作 mille-或 mill-) 1.千分之一、毫: millimeter (毫米、千分之一米2.千:millennial (1000 年的)mini -?。簃iniskirt (超短裙、迷你裙) minibus minimummis-誤、錯、惡、不: misunderstand (誤解) mistake mistakenmulti -多:multiparty (多黨的) multiplynon - 1.不:nonsmoker (不抽煙的人).非:non-natural (非天然的).無:nonparty

9、(無黨派的)out- 1.勝過、超過:outdo (勝過、戰(zhàn)勝).過度、太、甚:outsit (坐得太久).夕卜、出:outdoor (戶夕卜的)outdoors outcome outside output outwards.除去:outgas (除去氣體)over- 1.過度,太、甚: overstudy (用功過度) overweight.在上、在外、從上、超過:overcoat (外套、外衣) overhead overlook.顛倒、反轉(zhuǎn): overturn (傾倒、顛覆) overcomepan-全、?Pan-American (全美洲的、泛美的)post-后:postwar (戰(zhàn)

10、后的)postgraduate (研究生,大學(xué)畢業(yè)后的 )pre- 1.前:prewar (戰(zhàn)前的) previous2. 預(yù)先:pre-examination (預(yù)試) predict previewre- 1.回、向后:return (回來,返回)regress (倒退,退步).再、重復(fù)、重新:rebuild (重建,再建) refresh retell review revision.相反、反對:reaction (反動;反應(yīng)) reactse-離開、分開:select (精選)semi- 半:semicircle (半圓)Sino-中國(的):Sino-American (中美的)Si

11、no-Tibetan (漢藏語系)step-后、繼:stepmother (后母,繼母) stepbrother (異父或異母兄弟)sub- 1.下:subway (地下鐵道) subscribe.次、亞、準(zhǔn):subtropics (亞熱帶).稍、略、微:sub-acid (略酸的).副;分支;下級:subhead (副標(biāo)題)subtitle.接近:sub-teen (接近13歲的小孩).更進(jìn)一層,再:subdivide (再分,細(xì)分).用于化學(xué)名詞表示化合物成分少的:sub-oxide (低氧化物)super- 1.超、超級: super-speed 超高速的) supermarket (超

12、級市場) superior superb.上:superstructure (上層建筑).過度、過多:superheat (過熱)sym-(用在 p, b, m 前)共同、相同: sympathy (同情)symphonysyn- 共同、相同: synonym (同義詞) syn-tony (共振、諧振 )tele- 遠(yuǎn):telescope (望遠(yuǎn)鏡) telephone televisiontrans - 1.越過、橫過、超:transnational (超越國界的).轉(zhuǎn)移、變換: ironslate (翻譯)transplant (移植) transform transporttri -

13、三:triangle (三角形)trbcat (三輪汽車)twi -二、兩:twirfold (兩部,雙重)twirforked (兩叉狀的) twice twinun- 1.不:unhappy (不 快樂的)unable unbearable unbelievable uncertain uncomfortable unconditional unconscious unfair unfit unfortunate unlike unrest unusual unwilling.無:unmanned (無人駕駛的).非:unjust (非正義的).未:unfinished (未完成的) un

14、employment.相反動作、取消、除去:unlock (開鎖)uncap(脫帽)uncover (揭開蓋子).由中弄出:un-house (把趕出屋)under - 1. 下:underground (地下的) underline.(用于衣服)內(nèi):underwear (總稱)內(nèi)衣.不足、少:under-dress (穿衣太少).副、次: under-king (小王)vice- 副:vice-president (副總統(tǒng)) vice-chairman (副主席)with -向后、相反:withdraw (撤回、撤退)二、后綴1.名詞后綴(1)從事某種職業(yè)或動作的人-an, -ian 表示地

15、方的人,精通 的人“:American, historian, African, Tibetan, Asian,Christian, civilian, consultant, librarian, musician, pedestrian, physician, politician, servant-al 表示 具有職務(wù)的人”:principal, criminal, official,-ant,-ent 表示 者”: merchant, agent, student, accountant, adolescent, agent, applicant, assistant,consulta

16、nt, servant, president-ar 表示的人:scholar, liar-ard, -art 表示做的人:coward-arian 表示”派另1J的人、 主義的人“:humanitarian, vegetarian-ary 表示 從事的人“:secretary, missionary-ate 表示 具有 職責(zé)的人“:candidate, graduate-or表示做的人“:educator, speculator( 投機(jī)者),actor, conductor, director, editor, operator, sailor, visitor-crat表示某種政體、主義的支

17、持者 ”:democrat, bureaucrat-ee 表示 動作承受者 “:employee, examinee-eer 表示 從事于人:engineer, volunteer, pioneerpr表示從事某種職業(yè)的人,某地區(qū)、地方的人”:banker, observer, Londoner villager, driver, farmer, foreigner, hunter, interpreter, lawyer, leader, manager, officer, owner, painter, photographer, prayer, prisoner, reporter, r

18、uler, settler, shaver, shopkeeper, smoker, speaker, taxpayer, teacher, traveller, user, villager, waiter, winner, writer, workerese 表示 ” 國人, .地方的人 “:Japanese, Cantonese-ess 表示 陰性人:actress, hostess, ambassadress, headmistress, mistress, waitress,Tan表示“地方人,信仰 .教的人,從事 職業(yè)的人”:Asian, Christian, physicians

19、 內(nèi)科醫(yī)生),musician, civilian, librarian, pedestrian, physician, politician,-ian 表示 精通者, 家:electrician, magician, technician.Tst表示“家、.者、.能手、從事 研究者、信仰 主義者”:artist, chemist, communist, cyclist, dentist, journalist, novelist, physicist, pianist, receptionist, scientist, socialist, specialist, tourist, typi

20、st, violinist-ic 表示 ”者、 師“:mechanic, critic.-ie 表示 愛、小“:dearie, auntie-ine, -ina 表示 陰性人稱:heroine, ballerina(女芭蕾舞者)-logist 表示學(xué)家、研究者”:biologist geologist 地質(zhì)學(xué)家)-ster 表示做事情的人:youngster, gamester (賭徒).構(gòu)成抽象名詞-acy 表示 性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、境遇 “:accuracy, diplomacy.-age 表示 狀態(tài)、行為、身份、結(jié)果 ”:carriage, storage, marriage, postage-

21、al a)表示 動作、過程 “:refusal, arrival,_survival, denial, approval, trialb) 表示具體的事物:manual, signal, editorial,_journal, chemical, memorial, musical, terminal-ance, -ence表示性質(zhì)、狀況、行為、過程、總量、程度 ”:absence, acquaintance, adolescence, allowance, appearance, assistance, coincidence, competence, consequence, conven

22、ience, defence, diligence, difference, distance, entrance, endurance, evidence, existence, guidance, importance, independence, insurance, intelligence, existence, obedience, offence, patience, performance, preference, reference, significance, silence, violence-ancy, -ency 表示 性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、行為、過程 “:frequency,

23、 urgency, efficiency, tendency,-bility 表示 動作、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài):possibility, feasibility-craft 表示 工藝、技巧”:woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft (治國策)-cracy 表示 統(tǒng)治、支配“:bureaucracy, democracy-cy表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、職位、級別 :bankruptcy(破產(chǎn)),supremacy-dom 表示 等級、領(lǐng)域、狀態(tài) “:freedom, kingdom, wisdom-ery, -ry 表示 行為、狀態(tài)、習(xí)性 :bravery, bribery, riva

24、lry_-ety表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài):variety,-faction, -facture 表示 ”化、作用 :satisfaction, manufacture-hood 表示資格、身份、年紀(jì)、狀態(tài) :childhood, manhood, falsehood-ice 表示 行為、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài) :notice, justice, service-ine 表示帶有抽象概念:medicine, discipline, famine-ing 表示 動作的過程、結(jié)果 :building, writing, learning-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition 表示 行為的過程

25、、結(jié)果、狀況 ”: action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction explanation,-ise 表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài):exercise, merchandise (商業(yè))-ism 表示 制度、主義、學(xué)說、信仰、行為 :socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism,i)ty 表示 性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、程度:purity, reality, ability, calamity, activity, anxiety, authority, electricity, equality

26、, guilty, identity, majority, minority, nationality, possibility, responsibility, safety, security, society,-ment 表示 行為、狀態(tài)、過程、手段、結(jié)果 ”:treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument, achievement, advertisement, adjustment, agreement, amusement, appointment, arrangement, assessment, commitment, d

27、evelopment, disagreement, encouragement, entertainment, equipment, government, pavement, requirement, settlement, statement, unemployment-mony 表示 動作的結(jié)果、狀態(tài) “:ceremony, testimony-ness 表示 性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、程度 ”:goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness, darkness, happiness, illness, sadness, sickness, weakness,-

28、or, -our 表示 動作、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài) :favor, error-osity 表示動作、狀態(tài):curiosity.-ship表示情況、性質(zhì)、技巧、技能、身份、職業(yè) ”:hardship, membership, friendship, ownership, relationship, scholarship28)廿 表示 動作、性質(zhì)、過程、狀態(tài) :depth, wealth, truth, length, growth, strength, warmth,29)十ude表示性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)、程度 ”:latitude, altitudes海拔)-ure 表示 行為、結(jié)果 “:exposure,

29、pressure, failure, procedure (手續(xù))-y 表示行為的結(jié)果、狀態(tài)、性質(zhì) :glory, history, victoryjnquiry, beauty, difficulty,(3)帶有場所,地方的含義-age 表示 住所、地點“:village, cottage-ary 表示 住所、場地”:library, granary (谷倉)-ery, -ry表示 工作場所、飼養(yǎng)所等地點”:laundry, nursery, surgery (手術(shù)室)-ory 表示 工作場所、住處 “: factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory

30、(4)帶有學(xué)術(shù)、科技含義1) -grapy表小學(xué)、與法 : biography, calligraphy, geography2) -ic, -ics表小學(xué)、法 :logic, mechanics, optics, electronics3)-ology表小學(xué)、論 :biology, zoology, technology ( 工 )4)-nomy表小學(xué)、術(shù) :astronomy, economy, bionomy (生5)-ery表示學(xué)科、”:chemistry, cookery, machinery6)y表小學(xué)、術(shù)、法“: photography, philosophy(5)表示人和事物的

31、總和、集合-age: baggage, tonnage-dom: newspaperdom (新聞界)-hood : neighbourhood, womanhood-ery : cavalry, ministry 內(nèi)閣)-ure: legislature, judicature(6)表示物品、物質(zhì)名稱-ant, -ent: solvent, constant-al: signal, pictorial_(畫報)-ar: collar, pillar_(石柱)-er: barrier,boiler,_computer, washer, cooker, recorder, carrier, cl

32、eaner, container, cooker, drawer, eraser, laughter, poster, prayer, receiver, rubber, ruler, sharpener, shaver, sneaker, speaker, sweater, thriller, typewriter, zipper-or: razor, refrigerator,-ery : drapery (綢緞)-tng : clothing, matting-ment: instrument, equipment, attachment表示細(xì)小”的含義-cle: particle-cu

33、le: molecule(分子)-el: parcel-en: chicken, maiden_-et: pocket, ticket-etta, -ette, -etto : cigarette, essayelte (短文)-kin : napkin-ling : duckling-let: booklet-y: baby, doggy2.形容詞后綴(1)帶有屬性、傾向、相關(guān)”的含義-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible, changeable, valuable, accessible, a

34、dmirable, available, enjoyable, flexible, horrible, impossible, portable, reasonable, reliable, suitable, terrible, unbearable, unbelievable, uncomfortable, valuable-al: natural, additional, educational, actual, agricultural, botanical, central, conventional, digital, facial, fundamental, gradual, i

35、nternational, medical, memorial, musical, national, official, optional, physical, personal, political, practical, racial, skeptical, social, spiritual, technical, terminal, theoretical, traditional, unconditional, universal, vertical, visual, vital-an, ane: urban, suburban, republican-ant, -ent : di

36、stant, important, excellent,_absent, abundant, adolescent, apparent, brilliant, confident, consistent, convenient, different, elegant, evident, excellent, fluent, fragrant, frequent, important, independent, innocent, instant, merchant, patient, permanent, pleasant, pregnant, relevant, silent, urgent

37、, violent,-ar: similar, popular, regular, familiar,-ary: military, voluntary, contemporary, contrary, primary-ic, -atic, -ical : politic, systematic, historic, physical, chemical, commercial, confidential (機(jī)密的, 保密的 ),electrical,-ine: masculine, feminine, marine-ing : moving, touching, daring-ish: fo

38、olish, bookish, selfish-ive: active, impressive, decisive-ory: satisfactory, compulsory-il, -ile, -eel : fragile, genteel (文雅的)(2)表示相象,類似”-ish: boyish, childish-esque: picturesque-like : manlike, childlike-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly_motherly_-some: troublesome, handsome-y: milky, pasty, salty, t

39、asty, rainy, cloudy, sunny, wealthy,表示充分的含義ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful_pus: dangerous, generous, courageous, various, ambiguous, anxious, cautious, curious, famous, humorous, mountainous, nervous, obvious, poisonous, precious, previous, religious, ridiculous, serious, unconscious,-e

40、nt: violent(4)表示由某種物質(zhì)形成、制成或生產(chǎn)-en: wooden, golden, woolen_pus: gaseousfic: scientific.(5)表示方向的含義-ern: eastern, western-ward : downward, forward(6)表示倍數(shù)”的含義-ble: double, treble-ple: triplefold : twofold, tenfold(7)表示數(shù)量關(guān)系”的含義1) 4een: thirteen2)十y: fifty_3)廿:fourth, fiftieth-(8)表示國籍、語種、宗教”等-an: Roman_, E

41、uropean-ese: Chinese-tsh: English, Spanish(9)表示比較程度”-er: greater-tsh: reddish, yellowish-est: highest-most: foremost, topmost(10)其他的含義-less 表示否定 countless, stainless, wireless, breathless, careless, endless, hopeless, regardless, stainless, tasteless, useless,.動詞后綴-ize, -ise表示 做成,變成, 化”:modernize, m

42、echanize, democratize, advertise, advise, apologize, organize, practise, realize, recognize,-en 表示 使成為,弓I起,使有 :quicken, weaken, soften, harden, frighten, ripen, sharpen, strengthen,-ify表示使化,使成”:beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify, clarify, classify, satisfy, simplify, terrify-ate : separa

43、te, operate, indicate, accelerate, accumulate, advocate, allocate, appreciate, associate, calculate, celebrate, circulate, communicate, compensate, concentrate, congratulate, decorate, donate, educate, evaluate, graduate, hesitate, negotiate, operate, participate, relate, tolerate, translate, violate.副詞后綴-ly: possibly, swiftly, simply_-ward , -wards : downward, inwards, upward(s), afterward(s), backward(s), forward, outward(s), straightforward, tow

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