9年級被動語態(tài)語法解析

1、被動語態(tài)語法解析一.什么是被動語態(tài)動作的承受者做主語基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be +動詞過去分詞二、幾種常見的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)一般現(xiàn)在時：am /is /are done一般過去時：was /were done一般將來時：will be done帶情態(tài)動詞時：can /may /must /should be done二、動詞的過去式與過去分詞.一般情況下，動詞詞尾加-ed o play-played.以不發(fā)音的結(jié)尾動詞，動詞詞尾加live-lived.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的動詞，把變?yōu)樵倭趀d. study- studied.以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，雙寫詞尾輔音字母，再加-edoStop-stop

2、ped plan-planned.不規(guī)那么動詞的過去式變化規(guī)律性不強(qiáng)，須多加記憶。go - went buy - bought三、不規(guī)那么動詞過去式、過去分詞歸類表（1） AAA型（動詞原形、過去式、過去分詞同形）cost （花費(fèi)） costcut （割）cuthit （打）hithurt 傷害）hurtlet （it）letput （放）putread （讀）readspread （傳播）spread（2）AAB型（動詞原形與過去式同形）beat （跳動） beatcostcuthithurtletput read spreadbeatenABA型become （變成）becamecome

3、（來）camerun （跑）ranbecomecomerunABB型（過去式與過去分詞同形）dig （挖）dugdugget （得到）gotgothang （吊死）hanged hanged hang （懸掛）hunghunghold （抓?。﹉eldheldsit （坐）satsatwin （贏）wonwonmeet （遇見） met met（5） ABC型（動詞原形、過去式與過去分詞三者不同形）begin （開始）beganbegundrink （喝）drankdrunkring （鈴響）rangrungsing （唱）sangsungswim （游泳）swamswumblow （吹）bl

4、ewblowndraw （畫）drewdrawnfly （飛）flewflowngrow （生長）grewgrownknow （知道）knewknownthrow （投擲）threwthrownshow （出示）showedshown四、變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)Thev make shoes in that factory.主語+及物動詞+賓語 Shoes are made （by them） in that factory.1. They play football on Sunday. 2. Lucy does the homework in the evening. 3. They dont oft

5、en use computers in class. 4. Do you make these machines in Beijing?Thev bought ten computers last term. Ten computers were bought （bv them） last term.1. They built the tall building last year.2. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. 3. Did you clean the classroom just now? They didnt u

6、se this room for resting.Thev will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished （by them）in ten days.1. We will have a sports meeting next week. 2. Children won/t take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. 3. Will the headmaster give a talk this afternoon? 五、翻譯句子1我的房間每天都被清洗2我的房間昨天被清洗了3我的房

7、間明天將會被清洗4我的房間應(yīng)該被清洗六、Exercise :把下面的句子改成被動語態(tài)l.They often use computers in class.Computers by them in class.2.We cleaned our classroom just now.Our classroom by us just now.3.The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.A talk by the headmaster this afternoon.七、Put the following into passive voice：1.

8、1 can finish my homework every day.2.Did they buy many flowers?3.He doesnt often read English.4.They told us not to go there.八、注意問題1.在hear, see, watch, notice等“感觀”動詞的后面和make, let等“使役”動詞的后面作賓補(bǔ)的動詞不定式都不帶to,但這種句子在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，應(yīng)加上to。Q一聽,二使,三看)(1).1 saw her come into my room.She was seen to come into my room b

9、y me.(2).He made me write the letter for him.I was made to write the letter for him.2.假設(shè)主動語態(tài)的動詞是雙賓語動詞(如：give , pass , show等)，變被動語態(tài)時，只把其中一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個賓語保存不動，稱作保存賓語。假設(shè)保存賓語是 指人，前面要加上介詞to。eg： He showed me his photos.I was shown his photos.OR: His photos were shown to me.More wordsgive sb sth=give sth. to

10、 sbshow sb sb sthshow sth. to sbpass sb sb sth=pass sth. to sbsend sb sb sth=send sth. to sbbring sb sb sth=bring sth. to sbtell sb sb sth=tell sth. to sb3.如主動語態(tài)的動詞是雙賓語動詞如buy ,make等，變被動語態(tài)時，只把其中 一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一個賓語保存不動，假設(shè)保存的賓語是指人，前面要加上介詞 fore.g He bought me a pen.A pen was bought for me或 I was bought a pe

11、nget sb sb sth=get sth. for sbbuy sb sb sth=buy sth. for sbmake sb sb sth=make sth. for sbmend sb sb sth=mend sth. for sbcook sb sb sth=cook sth. for sb4,只有及物動詞才能用于被動語態(tài)，不及物動詞不能用于被動語態(tài)。但相當(dāng)于一個 及物動詞的動詞短語可用于被動語態(tài)。但在變被動語態(tài)時，注意不要丟掉詞組末尾 的介詞或副詞。eg： The doctor looked over the old woman carefully.The old woman w

12、as looked over by the doctor carefully.九、什么情況下沒有被動語態(tài).當(dāng)系動詞feel, look, smell, taste, sound等后面接形容詞時 無被動語態(tài)*The fish(taste) good.* Do you like the material?Yes, it(feel) very so化*The pop music(sound) beautiful.2 一些不及物動詞短語沒有被動語態(tài)。如： happen , take place,last,have(有),appear, disappear,cost ,come out1)這本書已經(jīng)出版

13、許屢次了。(2)我家鄉(xiāng)已發(fā)生了巨大的變化。會議持續(xù)了 30分鐘。十、l.A new book me by him yesterday.A.is given to B.was given C.was given to D.gave to.Don/t worrry. The job two hours.A.can be finished inB.was finished forC.can finish inD.can be finished after.Usually the classroom twice a day, but nobody the floor thismorning.A.is

14、cleaned, was swept B.cleans, was sweptC.is cleaned, sweptD.is cleaned, sweepsat five this morning, so I am very tired now.A.was wakingB.was wokenC.wake upD.was woken up.He me there with him last night.A.was asked, to goB.asked, to goC.was asked, goD.asked, go.They stayed here April.A.inB.sinceC.forD

15、.on.We a picnic last Wednesday.A.told to haveB.were told to haveC.were told him to have D.were told to not have.Who the food on the table, Tom?A.ate upB. was eaten upC.eats upD.was eating up.Today many trees are being cut in our country. So more trees.A. must plantB. must be plantC. must be planted

16、A. must be to plant 10.the homework the day after tomorrow?A.May, be handed in B.Maybe, handed inC.May, hand inD. May, be handed.My pencil the day before yesterday.A. foundB.was foundC.was foundedD. is found.The scientist has worked on the maths problem for three days without having a rest, so he very tired now.A.must be B.may be C.can be D.need be 13.The