人教版(新教材)高中英語選修2Unit5 First Aid優(yōu)質(zhì)學(xué)案：Learning About Language

1、Learning About LanguageLearning Aims（學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)）Build up your vocabulary and learn the following language point： 感嘆句.（重點(diǎn)難，點(diǎn)）Discover useful structures-The -ing form.（重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)）目標(biāo)一核心考點(diǎn)講練互動What a terrible accident!（教材 P52）感嘆句（1）用來表達(dá)喜、怒、哀、樂等強(qiáng)烈感情的句子叫感嘆句。一般用what或how引導(dǎo)。（2）what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句：What+a/an+M/. +單數(shù)名詞（+主+謂）！What+的.

2、+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞（+主+謂）?。?）how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句110 + 44/.+ 3/11+單數(shù)名詞（+主+謂）！How+adj J adv. （+ 主 + 謂）！How time flies!時(shí)光飛逝！K佳句賞讀X感悟句意背誦 What an awesome idea John put forward on how to help Bernard!= How awesome an idea John put forward on how to help Bernard!What great progress I have made with the aid of my English te

3、acher!How frightened I was when I saw the fierce bear come back!K完成句子R在冉冉升起的太陽的暖光中團(tuán)聚時(shí)，他們是多么激動和高興??！How excited and happy they were when reuniting in the warm light of the rising sun!為了甩掉追趕他的狼，他騎自行車騎得多快呀！How fast he rode his bike so as to get rid of the wolf running after him!現(xiàn)在我面臨著多么巨大的挑戰(zhàn)呀！What treme

4、ndous challenges I am faced with at present!目標(biāo)二語法結(jié)構(gòu)悟通研透Activity 1讀句感悟閱讀以下句子，認(rèn)真感悟加黑局部，并完成方框下的小題It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch.As you can imagine, getting burnt can

5、 lead to very serious injuries.The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid.Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin.If you see

6、 someone choking, first call the emergency services.以上句子中，句1中的a-ing形式在句中作賓語;句2中的o.-inq形式在句中作主語;句3 中的o.-ine形式在句中作表語;句4中的。,-inq形式在句中作定語;句5中的。.-ing形式在 句中作狀語;句6中的o.-iriR形式在句中作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Activity 2語法精析.概念：動詞-ing形式是動詞的一種非謂語形式，由動詞原形加-ing構(gòu)成，在句中可作主 語、賓語、表語、定語、補(bǔ)語和狀語等。.動詞-ing形式的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)：時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式doingbeing done完

7、成式having donehaving been done.動詞-ing形式的否認(rèn)式是在前面加not構(gòu)成。The boy swimming in the lake is from the USA.在湖里游泳的那個(gè)男孩來自美國。（一般式的主動語態(tài)）The boy being praised by the teacher is from the USA.正在被老師表揚(yáng)的那個(gè)男孩來自美國。（一般式的被動語態(tài)）Having flnished his homework, the boy went to the cinema.完成作業(yè)后，男孩去看電影了。（完成式的主動語態(tài)）Having been told

8、 many times, he still made the same silly mistake.盡管被告知屢次，他仍然犯了同樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。（完成式的被動語態(tài)）Is there any reason for not having the first-aid training this week?這周不上急救培訓(xùn)課，有原因嗎？（否認(rèn)式）一、動詞ing形式作主語Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language.大聲朗讀是學(xué)習(xí)語言的一種好方法。Being blamed for the breakdown of the computer made me

9、quite frustrated. 由于電腦壞掉而受到指責(zé)使我非常沮喪。Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences. 被他人喜歡能創(chuàng)造學(xué)習(xí)和新的生活體驗(yàn)的機(jī)會。It is no use waiting for other people to make decisions for you.等別人替你做決定是沒用的。 總結(jié)：（1）動詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作。單個(gè)的動詞-ing形式作主語時(shí)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。（3）it代替動詞-ing形式作形式主語，

10、常見句式有：It s a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。It s no good/use/fun doing sth.做某事沒好處/沒用/沒意思。It is useless doing sth.做某事沒用。It is worthwhile doing sth.做某事是值得的。It is （well） worth doing sth.做某事是（非常）值得的。二、動詞ing形式作賓語1.作動詞的賓語Would you mind opening the window?你介意翻開窗子嗎？I don t like watching television but I e

11、njoy listening to the radio.我不喜歡看電視，但是喜歡聽廣播。He narrowly avoided being killed in the accident.在這次事故中他九死一生?？偨Y(jié)：常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞可用下面的口訣幫助記憶：防止錯(cuò)過少延期（avoid, miss, postpone）建議完成多練習(xí)（advise/suggest, finish, practise）喜歡想象禁不住（enjoy, imagine, can? t help）成認(rèn)否認(rèn)與嫉妒（admit, deny, envy）逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫原諒（escape, risk, excuse） 忍

12、受保持不介意（stand, keep, mind） 2 .作動詞短語的賓語He insisted on doing it in his own way.他堅(jiān)持要按照自己的方法做。I am looking forward to being admitted to a key university.我盼望著被一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)錄取。 總結(jié)：常見的跟動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞短語有：insist on（堅(jiān)持），object to（反對），be good at（擅長）,be fond of（喜歡），lead to（導(dǎo)致）,put off（推遲）,give up（放棄），look forward to（盼

13、望），feel like（想要）,devoteto（致力于），get/be used to（習(xí)慣于），pay attention to（注意）等。.有些動詞（短語）后跟不定式和動詞-ing形式作賓語均可，但含義不同。Please remember to give my best regards to your family.請記著代我向你的家人問好。I still remember visiting the museum for the first time.我仍記得第一次參觀博物館的情景。Don t forget to post the letter on your way to schoo

14、l.別忘了在上學(xué)的路上順便把這封信寄出去。I shall never forget hearing her singing the song.我永遠(yuǎn)都不會忘記聽她唱這首歌時(shí)的情景。總結(jié)：有這樣用法的動詞（短語）見下表：動詞賓語的形式意義forgetto do忘記做doing忘記做過rememberto do記著要去做doing記得做過regretto do遺憾/抱歉要做doing后悔做了tryto do盡力做doing嘗試做meanto do打算做doing懸味著go onto do接著做（另外件事）doing接著做（同一件事）stopto do停下來去做doing停止做.在有些動詞的后面，如

15、：start, begin, continue等既可接動名詞也可接不定式作賓語，兩 者意義區(qū)別不大。They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened.他們繼續(xù)工作，好像什么也沒發(fā)生過似的。.特殊動詞The bike needs repairing.=The bike needs to be repaired.這輛自行車需要修理。His behavior deserved praising. = His behavior deserves to be praised.他的行為值得表揚(yáng)。The book is well worth

16、reading.這本書非常值得一讀。總結(jié)：以下動詞接動詞.ing形式的主動形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動形式。need/want/require doing = need/want/require to be done 需要做某事deserve doing=deserve to be done 值得做某事be well worth doing sth.非常值得做某事三、動詞ing形式作表語The argument is very convincing.這個(gè)論點(diǎn)很令人信服。Your speech is very interesting and encouraging.你的演講很有趣而且很鼓

17、舞人。Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible.=Keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job.她的工作是盡量使報(bào)告廳保持干凈。總結(jié)：動詞-ing形式作表語說明主語的性質(zhì)特征或具體內(nèi)容。常見的有：moving, interesting, encouraging, exciting, inspiring, boring, surprising, puzzling, amusing, astonishing 等。 四、動詞ing形式作定語.前置定語（放在所修飾

18、的名詞前）In summer I often swim in the swimming pool.（表用途）夏天我經(jīng)常在游泳池游泳。Do you know the swimming boy?（表正在進(jìn)行的動作）你認(rèn)識這個(gè)正在游泳的男孩嗎？總結(jié)：動詞-ing形式作前置定語表示被修飾詞的某種用途或者正在進(jìn)行的動作。.后置定語（放在所修飾的名詞后）The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.=The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my y

19、ounger brother.正在操場上踢足球的那個(gè)男孩是我的弟弟。There is much evidence showing that music activities engage different parts of the brain.=There is much evidence which/that shows that music activities engage different parts of the brain.有許多證據(jù)說明音樂活動占用大腦的不同局部。The meeting being held now is of great significance.= The

20、 meeting which/that is being held now is of great significance.正在舉行的會議非常重要?？偨Y(jié)：動詞-ing形式作后置定語時(shí)，它和被修飾詞之間有邏輯上的主動關(guān)系，表示被修飾詞 所進(jìn)行的動作，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。五、動詞iiig形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，表示正在進(jìn)行的動作或經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài)。.感官動詞（短語）T felt somebody standing behind me. 我感覺有人站在我后面。I saw the little boy crying there. 我看到那個(gè)小男孩正在那兒哭。 總2吉：see,

21、hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to+sb. + doing sth.（作 賓補(bǔ)）。,使役動詞We kept the fire burning all night long. 我們讓火整夜燃燒著。I won t have you running about in the room. 我不允許你在房間里跑來跑去。I won t let you lie to others.我不會讓你對別人撒謊。Be careful, or you 11 have your hands hurt.留神，否那么你會弄傷手的。總結(jié)：ha

22、ve/keep/get/leave sb./sth.+doing sth.使一直做某事have/let/make sb.+do sth. = get sb.to do sth.使某人做某事 have/keep/get/leave/make+sb./sth.done 使被做或處于某種狀態(tài). with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)With so many people looking at her, she felt nervous.這么多人看著她，她感到緊張。With my proposal declined, I was in low spirits. 由于我的提議被拒絕，我情緒很低落。With so much w

23、ork to do, he was nearly in despair.有如此多的工作要做，他幾乎絕望了?？偨Y(jié)：with +賓語+ doing（表示主動或進(jìn)行）with +賓語+done（表示被動或完成）with +賓語+ to do（表示將來）六、動詞-ing形式作狀語When/While she was walking in the park, she saw an old friend.= When/While walking in the park, she saw an old friend.=Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.（時(shí)

24、間狀語）當(dāng)她在公園里散步時(shí)，她看到了她的一個(gè)老朋友。As he was ill, hecouldn t go to school.=Being ill, he couldn t go to school.（JM因狀語）因?yàn)樯×耍荒苋ド蠈W(xué)。If you work hard, you 11 make great progress.=Working hard, you 11 make great progress.（條件狀語）如果你努力工作，你將取得很大進(jìn)步。Mary sat by the window of the classroom and was reading a book.= Mar

25、y sat by the window of the classroom, reading a book.（伴隨狀語）瑪麗坐在教室的窗邊讀一本書。Though they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage.=Though knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.（讓步狀語）盡管他們了解這一切，但還是讓我賠償損失。The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to

26、be treated .（意料之中的結(jié)果狀語）這家醫(yī)院最近得到一批新的醫(yī)療設(shè)備，這使更多的病人能得到治療。We Chinese eat with chopsticks.=We Chinese eat using chopsticks.（方式狀語）我們中國人用筷子吃飯?？偨Y(jié)：動詞-ing形式在句中作狀語來修飾謂語動詞或整個(gè)句子，表示動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、原因、 條件、結(jié)果、方式、讓步或伴隨狀況，為表意更明確可在其前加上相應(yīng)的連詞，如when, while, though 等。注意：.當(dāng)動詞-ing形式的動作先發(fā)生，而謂語動詞的動作后發(fā)生時(shí)，用having done/having been done作狀

27、語。Having finished the letter, he went to post it.他寫完信后就把它寄了出去。（having finished是先發(fā)生的，went是后發(fā)生的） Having been told many times, he couldn t understand what I meant.盡管已被告知屢次，但他不能理解我的意思。.動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)Tom s/His coming home late worries his mother.湯姆/他回家晚使他媽媽擔(dān)憂。I remember Tom s/Tom going there.我記得湯姆去過那里。I rememb

28、er his/him being awarded a prize.我記得他獲獎(jiǎng)了。總結(jié)：動名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中主要作主語或賓語。作主語時(shí)的形式：所有格/形容詞性物主代詞+doing作賓語時(shí)的形式：所有格/形容詞性物主代詞/代詞賓格/名詞+doingN達(dá)標(biāo)檢測I .完成句子When seeing the fierce wolf, I felt that my throat tightened and my knees became weak. 當(dāng)看到兇惡的狼時(shí)，我感覺我喉嚨發(fā)緊，膝蓋發(fā)軟。I couldn，t help running after the cute rabbit without

29、realizing that I got lost in the wild. 我情不自禁地追趕那只可愛的兔子，沒有意識到我在荒野中迷路了。Having realized that your time is limited, you 11 have to study harder for your goals. 既然已經(jīng)意識到你的時(shí)間是有限的，你必須為了你的目標(biāo)更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。The outside sight looks beautiful with everything covered with snow. 一切都被雪覆蓋著，外面的景色看上去很美。Being stuck ic the big

30、pumpkin made me frightened to death. 卡在大南瓜里把我嚇得要死。n .語法填空閱讀以下短文，并用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。(2020山東高考模擬，讀后續(xù)寫改編)One day, Spotty returned from his daily walk with a broken leg. Oh, no! ” I let out a loud scream as I saw Spotty limping in with a pained expression on his face.But Spotty seemed to take no notice of me and hid under the bed, with his whole body 6.trembling(tremble) and his eyes full of terror and distrust.lt was so unlike him to react like this that for one moment I was at a loss how to coax him to me,7.Feeling(feel) a little upset and furious, I somehow came 8,holding(hold) a long st