2022年中考英語非謂語動(dòng)詞導(dǎo)學(xué)案

1、非謂語動(dòng)詞（導(dǎo)學(xué)案）不是用作句子的謂語，而是用于擔(dān)任其他語法功能的的動(dòng)詞，稱之為非謂語動(dòng)詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞有三種：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞。非謂語動(dòng)詞與謂語動(dòng)詞之區(qū)別：相同之處：1.可以有賓語：He bought a house.He was considering buying a house.He wanted to buy a house.2.可以被狀語修飾：He always gets up very early.He is used to getting up early.3.可以有“體”式和語態(tài)的變化：She has finished her job.Having finished her

2、 work,she went home.She is treated fairly.She insisted on being treated fairly.4.可以有自己的邏輯主語：My wife often works late.I dislike my wifes working late.It was a hot day.It being a hot day, we stayed home.不同之處：1.可起名詞作用（不定式和動(dòng)名詞），在句中作主、賓、表語。Your duty is to look after the children.Complaining is no use.2.可

3、以起形容詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作表語、定語和賓語補(bǔ)足語等。The vase is broken.He is the a nice person to work with.We found the story amusing.3.可以起副詞作用（如：不定式和分詞），在句中作狀語。They are working hard to win still greater victory.The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.不定式：1.作主語（常置于句末，而用代替其做形式主語）To learn a foreign language is

4、not easy.It is not easy (for me ) to learn a foreign language.2.作表語My job is to look after the babies.What I would like you to do is to keep silent about it.3.作賓語He offered to go with us.I want to see him.He considered it his duty to support his family.4.作賓語補(bǔ)語（在see, hear, observe, watch, feel, notic

5、e等感官動(dòng)詞以及l(fā)et, make,have等動(dòng)詞后面，作賓補(bǔ)的不定式to均省去）They asked him to sing a pop song at the concert.They heard him sing a pop song in the meeting room.He was heard to sing a pop song in the meeting room.5.作定語Do you have anything to eat in your bag?He is always the first to come and the last to leave.6.作狀語In o

6、rder to save the the child, he dived into the river.We are overjoyed to see you.7.不定式的邏輯主語：I found it impossible for him to do the job alone.8.連接詞+不定式He will tell me how to use the dictionary.Where to get the book is what I want to know.He didnt tell us where to go and when to set out.9.不定式的否定形式They

7、 decided not to give up trying.10.不定式的時(shí)態(tài)We are happy to be with you on this trip.She is sure to succeed in the election.Im sorry to be troubling you at such a time.Im glad to be working with you.Im sorry to have kept you waiting.The enemy was reported to have surrendered two days before.11.不定式的語態(tài)Thi

8、s book is said to have been translated into many languages.It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here.動(dòng)名詞：1.作主語Saying so much is useless/no good/(of)no useIt is useless/no good/(of)no use saying so much.Reading French is easier than speaking it.2.作表語My hobby is collecting stamps.My great pleas

9、ure is learning English.3.作賓語（下列動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, escape, finish, mind, keep, practise, miss，regret, insist on, give up, put off, object to）He enjoys listening to classical music.We must avoid making such mistakes again.I wouldnt mind waiting for another ten minutes.（有些動(dòng)詞后面可接動(dòng)名詞，

10、也可接不定式：begin, start, continue, like, hate, prefer但動(dòng)名詞表示的意義是在一般情況下的行為，而不定式則表示某個(gè)具體的、一次性的行為。）I like swimming, but I dont like to swim this afternoon.4.介詞賓語Are you used to eating American food?She went to school without having breakfast.5.動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語Do you mind (my) opening the window.Tom insisted on my br

11、others going with him.動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語，意義不同的幾組詞：stop to do sth （停下一件事去做另一件事）stop doing sth （停止做某事）Remember to do sth.（記住要做某事）Remember doing sth（記得曾做過某事）forget to to do sth（忘記要做某事）Forget doing sth （忘記曾做過某事）Regret to do sth（因要做某事而感到不安）Regret doing sth（因做了某事而感到后悔）Go on to do sth （接著做另一件事）Go on doing sth （繼續(xù)做

12、某事）Try to do sth（盡力做某事）Try doing sth（嘗試做某事）Need to do sth（需要做某事）Need doing （需要被做）Want to do sth（想做某事）Want doing （需要被做）Used to do sth （過去常常做某事）Be used doing sth（習(xí)慣做某事）1.動(dòng)名詞的體式和語態(tài)He was praised for having made a great contribution to his country.His having been elected chairman of the club surprised u

13、s greatly.Jane like being read to when she is ill.He did it without being asked.2.分詞分詞有兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。現(xiàn)在分詞表示的意義是主動(dòng)的、進(jìn)行的；過去分詞表示的意義是被動(dòng)的、完成的。The developing countriesThe developed countries3.作表語：The story is very interesting.I am interested in English.The film is moving.We were moved by the film.4.作定語：It

14、is an interesting book.We must learn from the working people.The boy singing on the stage is my brother.This is a book written by a famous scientist.5.作賓語補(bǔ)足語：(see, hear, feel, notice, watch,分詞說明動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生；不定式說明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的全過程。)I saw him going into the room.I saw him go into the room.6.作狀語：1)作時(shí)間或原因狀語：working in

15、 the open air,he often sings songs.Having finished his work, he went to bed.Knowing that it was going to rain, he decided not to go out.2)作伴隨狀語：They stood there waiting for the bus.He lay in bed reading a novel.非謂語動(dòng)詞教學(xué)反思本堂課的設(shè)計(jì)是用高考題引出非謂語，強(qiáng)調(diào)to do的非謂語動(dòng)詞形式在歷年的高考中的重要作用。并且用逐步講解的方法，把to do不定式做狀語時(shí)的四種方法展現(xiàn)給學(xué)生，

16、同時(shí)配以相關(guān)的練習(xí)題，加以鞏固。最后用練習(xí)與表演的環(huán)節(jié)充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性，讓學(xué)生們?cè)趭蕵分袑W(xué)習(xí)。針對(duì)本堂課，我認(rèn)為有以下幾處亮點(diǎn)：1.上課內(nèi)容言簡(jiǎn)意賅，結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，語言簡(jiǎn)潔，每個(gè)內(nèi)容下面都給了相關(guān)的漢語解釋，便于學(xué)生明白理解接受。2.課堂活動(dòng)環(huán)節(jié)新穎有趣，同學(xué)們參與性強(qiáng)，表演較好，收到比較好的效果，余音繚繞。3.選擇的教學(xué)內(nèi)容落點(diǎn)較小，學(xué)生認(rèn)可。同時(shí)我找出自己的不足：1.由于教學(xué)內(nèi)容的設(shè)計(jì)的客觀性，學(xué)生對(duì)于語法中的專業(yè)術(shù)語不熟悉，所以即使在已經(jīng)試講了一次之后，學(xué)生還是不能很明白主要的口語表達(dá)內(nèi)容，對(duì)老師講述的內(nèi)容不明白，反映慢，在開始的時(shí)候課堂氣憤沉悶。2.在最后的實(shí)戰(zhàn)演習(xí)的程序中，增加的游戲環(huán)節(jié)，個(gè)別同學(xué)的語言表達(dá)能力有限，影響了整體效果。由于十班的同學(xué)沒有參加試講，對(duì)后面游戲環(huán)節(jié)不熟悉，雖有欲望參加，但是不知道是什么內(nèi)容而沒有勇氣舉手。第一座位的男生很積極，我把機(jī)會(huì)給了他，可是該男生的英語基礎(chǔ)可是“了得”，只認(rèn)識(shí)英文字母，沒有辦法情況下說了一句漢語。如此舉動(dòng)大大超出我的預(yù)料，到現(xiàn)在我根本記不起該男生的表述內(nèi)容。3.由于選擇的教學(xué)內(nèi)容的限制，整堂課的容量不是很大。課堂結(jié)束后，感覺不充實(shí)，沒有把自己內(nèi)心里更全面更具體的東西在這樣一個(gè)場(chǎng)合教授給學(xué)生，所以我個(gè)人認(rèn)為內(nèi)容不夠深