北京高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空及解析

1、閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。1.A Seagulls are large and _1_ (noise) birds, commonly seen on beaches around the world. Many people like to feed them _2_entertainment. It can be amusing to watch the birds fighting over little pieces of bread or chips. However, when ani

2、mals get used to being fed by humans, they will lose their fear of them and may become aggressive. Seagulls are not very dangerous, but they have been known to attack humans, especially people who_3_(hold) food.B The northwestern coast of California is a very attractive travel destination. Increasin

3、g numbers of tourists come to this area._4_(hike) in the redwood forests. As a result, people_5_(live) in this area are very concerned about the effects of mass tourism. Local residents are worried that if so many tourists keep coming, the natural beauty of the beaches and forests_6_(damage). The Fa

4、ult in Our Stars is a novel _7_(write) by American author John Green. It is his fourth major work, and his _8_(popular)one so far. The story follows the main character, Hazel Grace, a 16 year old girl with cancer. She attends a cancer support group,_9_she meets Gus, a fellow teenage cancer survivor.

5、 They quickly become friends and begin _10_will turn out to be a short but very beautiful romance.答案：1.noisy 考察詞性轉(zhuǎn)換解題思路： 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用形容詞修飾“birds”。故填noisy。for 考察介詞。解題思路：此處指許多人喜歡喂海鷗以供娛樂。for意為“為了”，表目的。are holding 考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致解題思路：此處指海鷗不是很危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物，但它們以襲擊人類而為人們所熟知，尤其是手中拿著食物的人。此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，且關(guān)系代詞who指代先行

6、詞“people”，為復(fù)數(shù)，從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填are holding.to hike 考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to hike。5.living 考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且主語(yǔ)“people”與動(dòng)詞live之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式做后置定語(yǔ)。故填living。6.will be damaged 考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語(yǔ)“the natural beauty”與動(dòng)詞damage之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，且if引導(dǎo)的條件句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)

7、”原則，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故填will be damaged。7.written 考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。動(dòng)詞write與邏輯主語(yǔ)“novel”之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過去分詞形式做后置定語(yǔ)。故填written。most popular 考察形容詞的比較等級(jí)解題思路: 此處指這部作品是他的第四部大作，也是到目前為止他最受歡迎的一部作品。此處應(yīng)用形容詞popular的最高級(jí)形式。故填most popular。where 考察定語(yǔ)從句解題思路: 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)非限定后定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是“a cancer suppo

8、rt group”,指地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)該從句。故填where。what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句解題思路: 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)該從句。故填what。2.AIt was my first night out in that city, and when I saw the last bus home disappearing round the corner, I knew I has a problem. It was cold and I couldnt afford a taxi,_1_ I didnt wan

9、t to bother my host family by asking them to pick me up. So I set off on foot, _2_(tell)myself it would only take me an hour or so. Four hours later, I was still walking. I was soaked(濕透的) through and my hands were frozen. When I eventually reached the house, the family said how_3_(worry) theyd been

10、, and asked why I hadnt phoned. By then I wished I had.B The United Nations Childrens Fund, also known us UNICF ,is a United Nations organization based in New York. It offers help needed by children all over the world. UNICEF_4_(found) on 11 December, 1946 to provide food and healthcare to children

11、in countries damaged in World War II since 1953, UNICEF_5_(take) up an extended mission to help children in the developing world, including those living with disease or disabilities, and those affected by rapid modernization and environmental_6_(problem). Now,UNICEF has been working_7_(improve) the

12、lives of children and their families across 190 countries and territories.C Online eating shows, or Mukbang, originated in South Korea and have gained_8_(popular) globally. Many hosts of such shows become popular for their ability to eat large amounts of food. But those shows have also received crit

13、icism_9_their waste of food. On Aug.12, CCTV exposed several Chinese hosts who were pretending to eat large amounts of food while on camera, but actually later threw it away. To discourage this practice, many video and livestreaming platforms, including Douyin, Kuaishou and Bilibili,have removed vid

14、eos_10_show food waste, and have promoted messages to “stop food waste and eat reasonably.答案：but 考察連詞解題思路：句意為：天很冷，我坐不起出租車，但是我也不想，麻煩寄宿家庭（的家人）讓他們來(lái)接我。前后句之間形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的連詞but。故填but。telling 考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，此處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且動(dòng)詞tell與主語(yǔ)I之間構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填telling。worried 考察詞性轉(zhuǎn)換解題思路：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)“我

15、”到家時(shí)，渾身濕透，雙手都凍僵了。（寄宿家庭）一家人非常擔(dān)心“我”。空格處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故填worried。was founded 考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致解題思路：根據(jù)前后的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“on 11 December,1946”可知，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，主語(yǔ)“UNICEF”與動(dòng)詞found之間構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，此處應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用三單形式，故填was founded。has taken 考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致解題思路：根據(jù)空前的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“since 1953”及語(yǔ)境可知，這件事發(fā)生在過去并有可能繼續(xù)，因此時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且UNICE

16、F為第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也應(yīng)用單三形式，故填has blems解題思路：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指受現(xiàn)代化和環(huán)境問題影響的那些孩子。此處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“環(huán)境”問題。故填problems。7.to improve 考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to improve。popularity 考察詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處缺少賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用popular的名詞形式作“have gained”的賓語(yǔ)。故填popularity。for 考察介詞解題思路：句意為：但這些節(jié)目也因浪費(fèi)食物而收到批評(píng)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用表

17、原因的介詞，for意為“因?yàn)椤保项}意。that/which 考察定語(yǔ)從句解題思路：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞“videos”,指物，且關(guān)系代詞在句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系詞that/which引導(dǎo)該從句。3.A Adolph Kiefer, a famous swimmer, _1_at the age of 98 in 2017. Kiefer was Americans _2_(old) living Olympic champion. He was the first in the world to break the one-minute mark in the 1

18、00-meter backstroke(仰泳) when he was a 16-year-old student. One year later, Kiefer won the gold medal in the 100-meter backstroke competition at the Olympic Games，_3_(set) a record that would stand for 20 years.B About 5000 years ago, a strange circle of blue stones were set up in Britain. The struct

19、ure has 80 stones in all and each stone_4_(weigh) about three tons. No one is sure_5_built the structure. One of the most popular beliefs is that the Celts built it. Some even think creatures from another planet who visited Earth left it behind jut_6_(let) us know they were here.C Have you ever atte

20、nded a Cinco de Mayo festival? If you have not, you do not know what you are missing. _7_Spanish, the words cinco de ma yo mean the fifth of May. It is a day for the _8_(celebrate) of the fighting spirit of Mexican people. The festival _9_(hold) both in Mexico and in parts of the United States,especially the Southwest, _10_there is a larger population.答案：died 考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)解題思路：根據(jù)空格后的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in 2017”可知，此處講述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)。Oldest 考察形容詞的比較等級(jí)解題思路：根據(jù)