高考英語(yǔ)寫作專題經(jīng)典講座十九 英語(yǔ)的思維方式

1、PAGE 第PAGE 頁(yè)碼3頁(yè)/總NUMPAGES 總頁(yè)數(shù)3頁(yè)Evaluation Warning: The document was created with Spire.Doc for .NET.寫作專題十九 英語(yǔ)的思維方式英語(yǔ)的思維方式一中英邏輯思維方式差異邏輯思維方式的差異影響句子的質(zhì)量，漢語(yǔ)重視時(shí)間，英文重視邏輯。采用英語(yǔ)的邏輯思維方式，更加像原汁原味的英文。中英邏輯思維方式的具體差異漢語(yǔ)思維方式英語(yǔ)思維方式先原因后結(jié)果先結(jié)果后原因先敘事后表態(tài)先表態(tài)后敘事先分后總（先論據(jù)后結(jié)論）先總后分（先結(jié)論后論據(jù)）主體思維重人稱、外在特點(diǎn)客體思維重事物、內(nèi)在特點(diǎn)男性為尊女士?jī)?yōu)先先東西后南北先南北

2、后東西從大到小排列從小到大排列我們知道，中英思維方式對(duì)于語(yǔ)言表達(dá)有很大影響，現(xiàn)在把兩者之間的差異總結(jié)如下。請(qǐng)看以下的例子：例子1：(1) Because I made progress in English, the teacher praised me. （思維方式：因果）(2) The teacher praised me for my progress in English. （思維方式：果因）例子2：(1) As soon as the bell rang, the students ran out of the classrooms, and ran down to the play

3、ground to do morning exercise. （思維方式：多動(dòng)詞連動(dòng)）(2) The bell for the class sent the students out of the classrooms down onto the playground for morning exercise. （思維方式：介詞連動(dòng)）例子3：(1) If you want me to finish the task in such a short time, I think it is impossible for me to do. （思維方式：先敘事，后表態(tài)）(2) It is impos

4、sible for me to finish the task in such a short time. （思維方式：先表態(tài)，后敘事）二思維方式?jīng)Q定句子的質(zhì)量看看這個(gè)例子, 請(qǐng)翻譯句子：“出了城，我花錢雇了一頭小毛驢，在驢背上騎了3天，來(lái)到河邊的一家小旅館里住了兩晚?！比绻覀兺瑯右詴r(shí)間為次序組織語(yǔ)言，英文可以表達(dá)為：1. I went out of the town, and hired a little donkey. I rode on the animal for 3 days and came to a small inn by the river side. I stayed i

5、n it for 2 nights.但是如果我們以邏輯組織語(yǔ)言，英文可以表達(dá)為：2. Out of the town, after I spent 3 days on the donkey that I had hired, I came to a small inn by the river side, where I stayed for 2 nights.我們進(jìn)一步看下面幾句：3. Out of the town on a hired donkey for 3 days, I finally stopped for a two-night stay in a small inn by t

6、he river. 4. Out of the town on a hired donkey for 3 days, I stayed in a small inn by the river for 2 nights. 5. Out of the town, I spent 3 days on a hired donkey，with a two-night rest in a small inn by the river.這三個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句的表現(xiàn)力超過(guò)了前面的句子。復(fù)合句優(yōu)勝于簡(jiǎn)單句的結(jié)論不總是成立，句子的復(fù)雜度不是決定句子質(zhì)量的核心因素。三練習(xí): 嘗試使用表1所敘述的思維方式來(lái)翻譯下面的句子，體會(huì)

7、表達(dá)效果的不同。1. 因?yàn)闆]能阻止這樣一場(chǎng)激烈的打斗，這位警察受到了責(zé)備。（邏輯要求：先結(jié)果后原因）2. 這個(gè)小男孩愿意和弟弟分享他的玩具，所以收到了父母的鼓勵(lì)。（邏輯要求：先結(jié)果后原因）3. 不做充分的調(diào)查就作出匆忙的結(jié)論，這是不對(duì)的。（邏輯要求：先表態(tài)后敘事）4. 在這么短的時(shí)間完成這么困難的任務(wù)，在我看來(lái)是不合情理的。（邏輯要求：先表態(tài)后敘事）5. 從歐洲意大利的威尼斯來(lái)到亞洲的中國(guó)北京，在過(guò)去要花商人好幾年的時(shí)間。（邏輯要求：從小到大排列）6. 重新復(fù)習(xí)我們已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的東西，我們并不認(rèn)為是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。（邏輯要求：先表態(tài)后敘事）7. At school John was not a popu

8、lar student, _(做作業(yè)太懶惰了). With the exam coming, he _(復(fù)習(xí)他已經(jīng)學(xué)過(guò)的課，已經(jīng)太遲了。邏輯要求：先表態(tài)后敘事). However, he had an idea. He began to write the answers on the inside of the jacket so that he could read them secretly when no one saw him. Luckily, he passed the exam without being discovered. He _（他的老師對(duì)他的進(jìn)步非常滿意，讓他當(dāng)著全

9、班的面談?wù)勊窃趺磳W(xué)的）（邏輯要求：先結(jié)果后原因）. Now he was try to think of his great learning experience! 練習(xí)答案: 嘗試使用表1所敘述的思維方式來(lái)翻譯下面的句子，體會(huì)表達(dá)效果的不同。1. The policeman was blamed for his inability to stop such a violent fight. 2. The little boy was encouraged by his parents for his willingness to share his toys with his young

10、er brother. 3. It is not right to draw a haste conclusion without doing a complete survey.4. It seemed unreasonable to me to finish such a difficult task in such a short time. 5. It used to take the businessmen quite a few years to travel from Venice, Italy of Europe to Beijing，China of Asia. 6. We

11、do not think it a waste of time for us to review once again what we have learned. 7. At school John was not a popular student, who was too lazy with his homework. With the exam coming, he believed it too late to study lessons he had never learned. However, he had an idea. He began to write the answers on the inside of the jacket so that he could read them secretly when no one saw him. Luckily, he passed the exam without being dis