名詞性從句學(xué)案(學(xué)生版)

1、名詞性從句學(xué)案一、請劃出下列句中的從句，并指出從句性質(zhì)。1. That I can pay back the help people give me makes me happy.2. Why they have not left yet is unclear.3. It was good news that everyone got back safely.4. She sensed that she was being wached.5. We think it necessary that we should follow the teachers advice.6. There was

2、 a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.7. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.8. The news that the plane had crashed made us sad.9. There is no doubt that he will win the game.Summary:_名從含主、賓、表、同； 主從位句首或者讓位it做形主；動后、介后帶賓從；系后表從不用說；同位語常在抽象名詞后（news, fact

3、, possibility, idea,doubt, question等）。_二、引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：連詞：that（無任何詞意）；whether, if（“是否”）；as if, as though（“好像”，“似乎”）。以上 在從句中不作作成分。連接代詞：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which, whichever, whomever連接副詞：when, where, how, why, whenever, wherever, however1. That & what 在名詞從句的區(qū)別what

4、2. thatwhat 在從句做主、賓、表that 吃閑飯不可省_ he told me is not true._he told me a lie is not true. 2. Whether & if 在名詞從句的區(qū)別用whether或if引導(dǎo)的名詞從句時(shí)，保持陳述句語序。表示“是否”時(shí)，下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：a. 引導(dǎo)主語從句； b. 引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)； c. 引導(dǎo)介詞后面的賓語從句；d. 從句后有“or not”時(shí)； e. 后接動詞不定式時(shí)。 例如：_ there is life on the moon is an interesting question. T

5、he question is_ she should have a low opinion of the test?Everything depends on _ we have enough money. He asked _ he passed the test. I wonder _ he will come or not. Can you tell me _ to go or to stay?三、 具體分類1、主語從句 作句子主語的名詞性從句叫主語從句。_ he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我們說什么，還不清楚。_ will win the ma

6、tch is still unknown. 誰能贏得這場比賽還不得而知。It is known to us _ he became a writer. 我們都知道他是如何成為一名作家的。_ the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英語晚會將在哪里舉行，還沒有宣布。用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關(guān)系：a. It + be +形容詞+ that-從句It is necessary that有必要 It is important that重要的是It is obvious that很明顯b. It

7、 + be + -ed 分詞+ that-從句It is believed/ reported/ said that人們相信 It is known to all that從所周知It has been decided that已決定c. It + be +名詞+ that-從句It is common knowledge that是常識 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是It is a fact that事實(shí)是d. It +不及物動詞+ that-分句It appears that似乎 It happens that碰巧It occurred to me that我突然想

8、起另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí)，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should) +do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) thatIt is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that2、賓語從句用作賓語的名詞性從句叫賓語從句, 在句中可以作謂語動詞或介詞及非謂語動詞的賓語。1）賓語從句中的that可以省，但是在以下情況下that不可省

9、：賓語從句前有插入語。We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us.在介詞后。He has no special fault except that he smokes too much. 一個(gè)動詞帶兩個(gè)賓語從句，第二個(gè)賓從that 不可省。He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. 有間接賓語時(shí)。He told me that he was leaving for Japan.that從句

10、單獨(dú)回答問題時(shí)。What did he hear? 他聽說了什么事？That Kate had passed the exam. 在“it(形式賓語)+補(bǔ)語”之后時(shí)。I think it necessary that he should stay here. 位于句首時(shí)。如：That our team will win, I believe. 2）在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist, desire, request, command等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+ 動詞原形”。例如：I insist that sh

11、e (should) do her work alone. 我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once. 司令員命令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。3）陳述語序:由疑問詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句要用陳述語序。例如：I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告訴了你什么。She always thinks of how she can work well. 她總是在想怎樣能把工作做好。4）注意賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)（could, would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)

12、態(tài)；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：I knew who lived here. I saw she was talking with her mother. The teacher said that the sun travels around the earth.5）否定轉(zhuǎn)移 將think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine，seem, appear等動詞后面賓語從句的否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句中，即主句的謂語動詞用否定式，而從句的謂語動詞用肯定式。I dont think I know you.我想我并不認(rèn)識你。I don

13、t believe he will come.我相信他不回來。注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。I hope you werent ill. 我想你沒有生病吧。3、表語從句表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句, 放在系動詞之后,一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語+系動詞+表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。另外,常用的句型還有the reason why is that ，It is because 和It looks as if等結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：The fact is that we have lost the game. This is w

14、here our problem lies. That is why he he was late.It is because he missed the train by one minute this morning.The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.4、同位語從句 同位語從句說明其前面的名詞的具體內(nèi)容可用于同位語從句的抽象名詞有advice、demand、doubt、fact、hope、idea、information、message、news、order、

15、problem、promise、question、request、suggestion、truth、wish、word等。例如：The news that we won the game is exciting.Word came to him that Mary had probably been murdered. 同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：(which/ that) that定從中that和which 為關(guān)系代詞，在從句做成分?？墒。煌瑥膖hat 吃閑飯，不可省試比較下面兩個(gè)例句: The news _ he told me is not true. The news _ he tol

16、d me a lie is not true.四、基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)用正確的引導(dǎo)詞填空并判斷各句含有什么從句1._hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.2._wewillgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.3. _herefusedmyhelpsurprisedmegreatly.4.Thefiredestroyed_wasinthebuilding.5. I cant imagine _ you can sew these pieces of cloth together without a needle and

17、 a thread.6.Ibelieve_youhavedoneyourbestand_thingswillimprove. 7.Thequestionis_itisworthdoing.8.She looked _ she was going to cry.9.The news _ arrived made them very excited.10.The news _ he arrived made them very excited.填空與單項(xiàng)選擇（高考對名詞性從句的考點(diǎn)主要有以下幾個(gè)方面:）1) _1.WhatIamconsideringnow_themoneyweneed. (is,

18、are)2.Whatwe I want to buy _ some books. (is,are)Summary: _2) _3.Canyoutellme_? A.whoisthatgentleman B.thatgentlemaniswho C.whothatgentlemanis4.Thephotographswillshowyou_. A.whatdoesourvillagelooklike B.whatourvillagelookslike C.howdoesourvillagelooklike D.howourvillagelookslikeSummary: _3) _5. She

19、remembered that she _ her wallet at the school gate.A. left B. had left C. leaves D. has left6. Our physics teacher said that light _ faster than sound.A. traveled B. travels Summary:_4)that與what的區(qū)別7. _wecantgetseemsbetterthan_wehave.8. Itworriedherabit_herhairwasturninggray.Summary: _5) whether,if區(qū)

20、別9. If they say you are good, ask yourself _ it is true.10.Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_mymotherwillrecoverfrom theseriousdiseasesoon.Summary: _6) 疑問詞-ever與nomatter+疑問詞11. _yousayisofnousenow.(whatever,nomatterwhat)12. _yousay,hewontlistentoyou.13. Ibelieve_yousay.14. Pleasegivethebookto_winsthefirst

21、prize.(whoever,nomatterwho)Summary:_7）語氣（虛擬語氣在名詞從句中的應(yīng)用）15. Hesuggestedthatwe_(start)theworknow.16. Hissuggestionisthatwe_(start)theworknow.17. Thesuggestionthatwe_(learn)Englishwellsoundsgreat.18. Itisimportantthatwe_(learn)Englishwell.Summary:_8) it作形式主語和形式賓語19. _isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedas

22、aninternationallanguage.20. _issaidthathehasgoneabroad.21.I feel _ possible that you will finish the work in a day.Ihate_whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.Summary:_9) 其它固定句型23. Thereisnodoubt_hewillcome.24. Thereisdoubt_hewillcome.25. Thereason_heisabsentis_heisill.26. Healwayseatstoomuch.Thats_heis

23、fatnow.27. Heisfat.Thats_healwayseatstoomuch.28. Itshightimethatwe_(have)class.29. Iwouldratheryou_(pass)thelastexam.30. IwishI_(can)flytothemoononeday.五、高考鏈接（09上海）1. It is not immediately clear _ the financial crisis will soon be over.A. since B. what C. when D. whether（09湖南）2. She is very dear to

24、us. We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever（09江西）3. The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. what B. which C. that D. though（09海南）4. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sa

25、les please?A. who B. what C. whoever D. whatever（09陜西）5. The how to book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.A. who B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever（09上海）6. As a new diplomat, he often thinks of _ he can react more appropriately on such occasions.A. what B. which C. that D. how（09天津）7. It

26、 is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A. as B. which C. whether D. that（09浙江）8. Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.A.WhenB. that C. whether D. what（09重慶）9. We should consider the students request _ the school library provi

27、de more books on popular science.A. that B. when C. which D. where（09江蘇）10. Many young people in the West are expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what（10福建）11. We should respect food and think about the people who don

28、t have we have here and treat food nicely.高考資源網(wǎng)A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whether高考資源網(wǎng)（10湖南）12. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why （10天津）13. As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here

29、.A. how B. what C. When D. which （10北京）14. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A. Whether B. What C. That D. How（10浙江）15How about camping this weekend, just for a change?OK, you want. Awhichever Bhowever CwhateverDwhoever16It is uncertain side effect the medicine will b

30、ring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether（10上海）17. One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.A. that B. how C. what D. why（10山東）18. Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids wi

31、ll need for the coming season. A. why B. what C. how D. which（10上海）19. When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering（10四川）20How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives Awhat Bwho Chow Dwhy （10全國）21. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture.A. that B. which