精做05閱讀理解七選五-試題君之大題精做2019年高考英語原卷版

1、第一部分閱讀理解精做05閱讀理解七選五一、考試大綱對(duì)閱讀理解的主要要求.掌握所讀文章的主旨和大意以及用以說明主旨和大意的事實(shí)和細(xì)節(jié)；.既理解具體的事實(shí)，也理解抽象的概念；.既理解字面意思，也理解根據(jù)字面意思可以推斷出來的沒有明確說出的深沉含義，包括作者的態(tài)度、意圖等；.既理解某句、某段的意義，也理解全篇的邏輯關(guān)系，并據(jù)此進(jìn)行推理和判斷；.既能根據(jù)文章所提供的信息去理解，也能結(jié)合中學(xué)生自己應(yīng)有的常識(shí)去理解。二、考試大綱對(duì)閱讀理解七選五的要求試卷中題干表述如下：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中 有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。閱讀理解七選五，即給出一篇缺少5個(gè)句子的文章，對(duì)應(yīng)

2、有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。該類題型要求從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中（均為完整的句子）選出五個(gè)能填入 文章空處的最佳選項(xiàng)，主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。其命題 形式深受閱讀多項(xiàng)選擇題的影響，體現(xiàn)了新課標(biāo)“用英語獲取、處理和運(yùn)用信息的能力；逐步獲取用 英語思維的能力?！钡拈喿x學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)理念。七選五和傳統(tǒng)題型完型填空有些類似，雖然完型填空題考查 的是詞匯層面，七選五考查的是句子層面，但是它們的考查方式是一樣的，只要考生選擇的答案能夠使行 文連貫，符合英文的語法以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)就行，因此，這兩類題型在做題方法上有共同之處。該題型命題形 式

3、仍然具有客觀題的特點(diǎn)，又與完形填空具有異曲同工之妙，只是選項(xiàng)少，以句子形式出現(xiàn)，考查目的和 側(cè)重點(diǎn)不完全相同而已。從考試說明對(duì)該題型命題目的的表述“主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意 義的理解和掌握?！笨梢缘贸鲆韵屡袛啵涸擃}備選項(xiàng)可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過渡性句子（文 章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。其多余的兩個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)也往往從這三方面進(jìn)行設(shè)置，例如 主旨概括句或過于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文 脫節(jié)等。三、閱讀理解七選五題型的特點(diǎn).符合英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中“提高學(xué)生用英語獲取信息、處理信息、分析問題和解決問題的能力

4、”的要求和2008年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試說明中“如果希望準(zhǔn)確、深刻地理解一篇文章，必須對(duì)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)有所了解，把握住全篇的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系?！钡囊蟆Ｈ绻f通常意義上的高考英語完形填空題是詞法和句法范圍內(nèi)的考查，它是語言表達(dá)的基本單位，屬于語言的組織規(guī)律，那么閱讀填空題就是章法范圍內(nèi)的考查，是語言使用的范疇，屬于言語的組織規(guī)律，簡單地說，前者側(cè)重語言的結(jié)構(gòu)一語法，而后者側(cè)重語言的使用 一章法。.注重考查學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力。閱讀本質(zhì)就是一種理解、吸收、鑒賞、評(píng)價(jià)文章的思維過程，新題 型不但要求考生具備詞匯、句子、語段、語篇等方面的知識(shí)，而且要有辨證、綜合、分析、歸納方面

5、的邏 輯思維能力，是閱讀的深層理解，也是閱讀的核心和關(guān)鍵。.題材新穎，具有濃厚的時(shí)代氣息和較高的真實(shí)性，與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷和生活經(jīng)歷相適應(yīng)，與新課程 理念下的高考改革走向相適應(yīng)，與高中英語教學(xué)實(shí)際相適應(yīng)，遵循了英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的評(píng)價(jià)理念，保證 了試題的效度、信度、真實(shí)性和公平性原則。附：近年新課標(biāo)全國卷高考七選五實(shí)況分析:年份卷別題材話題2018 年新課標(biāo)卷I說明文社會(huì)生活室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)中顏色的選擇問題新課標(biāo)卷II說明文社會(huì)生活早晨鍛煉對(duì)人體的四條好處新課標(biāo)卷III說明文社會(huì)生活跳舞的好處2017 年全國卷I夾敘夾議文社會(huì)生活作者愛上了露營，建議讀者找到適合自己的回歸自然的方式全國卷II說明文社會(huì)生活幾點(diǎn)

6、避免工作時(shí)被打擾的建議全國卷III說明文社會(huì)生活如何幫助人們制訂一個(gè)計(jì)劃去調(diào)節(jié)生物鐘，確保起床不再件令人頭疼的事2016 年全國卷I說明文文化科技密碼的設(shè)置方法和破解的方法全國卷II說明文社會(huì)生活自己建設(shè)花園的具體建議全國卷III說明文社會(huì)生活買魚和燒魚的常識(shí)2015 年全國卷I說明文人際關(guān)系重新建立人際關(guān)系中的信任全國卷II說明文社會(huì)生活馬拉松的準(zhǔn)備工作不真題精做Passagel （2018 新課標(biāo)卷 I）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)中顏色的選擇問題2597分鐘Color is fundamental in home design - something you laiways

7、have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you ll love to live in. Do you w,that fus of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36, color is thekey to making a room feel the way you want it

8、to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37, they can get a little complex. But good news is that there re really only three kinds of decisionsyou need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones,

9、and the large ones. TOC o 1-5 h z 38. They re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets that most of us use toaddvisual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the signific

10、ant benefit of being easily changeable.Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves. 39.They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concer

11、n the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whether you rooking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40.While all of them are usefulWhatever you re looking forIf you re experimenting with a colorSmall color choices are t he ones we re most familiar withIt

12、not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesSo it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeColor choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major waysPassage2 （ 2018 新課標(biāo)卷 II）體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文早晨鍛煉對(duì)人體的四條好處2237分鐘If you are already making the time to

13、 exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you

14、for the day. 37Your metabolism（新陳代謝）gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie（卡路里）burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exe

15、rcise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You

16、will want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.You will stick to your diet.Your quality of sleep improves.You prefer heal

17、thy food to fast food.There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you re doing it now, then listen up!Passage3

18、（2018 新課標(biāo)卷 III ）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文跳舞的好處1895分鐘Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.36 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, b

19、irthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing, says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.I cant imagine with my life. Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. Teaching dance is wonderful. 37 Its great to watch them. For many of them, its a way of meeting people

20、and having a social life.38 I can tell you about one young couple, says Bridges.ng to doThBytrerleachiinces. Theyarrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.39So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, pattern of a beating heart

21、, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 40 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me Im alive.So why do we dance?Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.My older students say it makes them feel young.I keep practicing even When Im

22、 extremely tired.Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.Passage 4 （2017 新課標(biāo)卷 I）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文露營的經(jīng)歷2257分鐘If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers,

23、in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent,cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to tak

24、e the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for mysons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.38 Instead, wehad a pop-u

25、p camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a mo

26、dern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.This time there was no tent.Things are going to be improved.The trip they took me on was

27、 a rough one.I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.Passage 5 （2017 新課標(biāo)卷 II）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文避免工作被打斷幾點(diǎn)建議196

28、6分鐘Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you re tryir36to get wbeireione.are several ways to handle things. Let s take a 1001k them now.37.Tell the person you re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.

29、When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you ll find them then. 38.It can help to eliminate（消除）future interruptions.When you need to someone, don t do it in your own office.39, it s much easier to excuse yourselfto get back to y

30、our work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you areIf you have a door to your office, make good use of it40If someone knocks and it not animportant matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you re busy so they carligt thhaiint（hen thedoor is closed,

31、 you re noo be disturbed.If you re busy, don t feel bad about saying noWhen you want to avoid interruptions at workSet boundaries for yourself as your time goesIf you re in the other person s office or in a public areaIt s important that you let them know when you ll be availableIt might seem unkind

32、 to cut people shirt when they interrupt youGLeave it open when you re available to talk and close it when you re not金模擬精做Passage1 2018屆安徽省江淮十校高三第二次聯(lián)考)體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文間愛的女主人公間愛1917分鐘“Jane Eyre was published in 1847. It is not just a romance novel, but an educational story. Women can learn so much fr

33、om this great Victorian heroine. This is not to suggest that Jane didn t have shortcomings1You can overcome your past, however bad it is. Jane Eyre is made miserable as a child by her horrible relatives. 2 He constantly reminds her that she s&nLo)pBan $he learns a lot about letting go whenshe is sen

34、t to a boarding school and makes friends with Helen.Jane notes, “Theworld was a varied field of hopes and excitement waiting for those who had the courage to go forth. If Jane hadn t been brave, she might have returned to the cruel womaerwho raised hDon t be afraid to speak your mind. She is not sca

35、red to voice her opinions when necessary. It is much better to talk about things than to hide unspoken anger. 4Be positive. When Jane was younger, she had a tendency to feel sorry for herself. 5 But as she gets older, she learns to be happy despite her past.You can decide your life.The possibilities

36、 for life are endless for those who take risks.Talking also helps heal relationships as well.Her cousin, John, is the worst.It is weak and silly to say you can t bear what it is your fate to be required to bear.Still, there s much to be learned from the way she chooses to live.G Her life was miserab

37、le.Passage22018屆河北省衡水中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期四模)體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文表達(dá)/、同意的方法2617分鐘Ways to Respectfully DisagreeIt easier to agree than disagree. 1 Unfortunately, many of us either shy away completely from disagreements or lose it when things don t go oupwayn Tteeseep disagreements constructive.Use I to communicate how y

38、ou feel, what you think and what you want or need. 2 For example, tellingyour parents “ You always remind me about my housework when you know I have much homework” has adiffe rent tone from I feeling pressured because I have a lot of homework tonight. Can I do those chores tomorrow?Listen to the oth

39、er s opiSiorThat makes it more likely that he or she will do the same for you. Whenthe other person is talking, try to s top yourself from thinking about why you disagree or what you ll say nextThis is the important thing you can do to keep a conversation on track. Of course, it s a huge chalkto sta

40、y calm when you feel angry about something, especially if their per son you re talking to gets heated.If you ve ever been on the receiving end of someone-dowsiputi損的話),you know how valuableusing respectful language and behavior can be. So instead of saying what you might be thinking (That idea!), tr

41、y saying I don t agree, and here is why.”Respect goes beyond difficult conversations, of course. Being helpful and considerate towards family members, teachers or coaches in our everyday actions helps us establish a foundation for those times when we might disagree.Stay calm.Look into the other s ey

42、es.Using you statements can sound aggressive.Avoid putting down the other person s ideas and beliefs.Then you can calmly present your case and why you disagree.Being a good listener shows that you respect the other person.G But we can learn a lot from conversations where we don t agree.Passage3 （201

43、7屆河南豫南九校高三下期質(zhì)量考評(píng)）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文跟室友相處應(yīng)該注意的幾件事2617分鐘You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers, or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. 1. However, it can also be a great part of your college experience. Follow thesetips to make sure you and your roomm

44、ate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.Be clear from the beginning.Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning. Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. 2 .It s not fair to expect him or her to pick

45、up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems.3.This may seem simple, but it s probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts. Donyou think he ll mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick socce

46、r game? For all you know, you just stepped over the line. Don t bwrrose, or take anything without getting permission first.Be open to change.You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. 4 .As the term progresses, realize things will change for both of you. Be comfortabl

47、e setting things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment.Follow the golden rule.5 No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.Respect your

48、 roommate s thingsLet your roommate know about your preferencesTreat your roommate like you d like to be treatedLiving with a roommate is really a wonderful thingHaving a roommate surely has its challengesYou should correct your bad habits firstG And the same should happen to your roommate, if all g

49、oes wellPassage4 （2017屆重慶市第八中學(xué)高三適應(yīng)性考試）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文積極的生活態(tài)度2927分鐘Wd ve all heard about the power of our attitude, and it our attitude that de termines how much we succeed in life.All the things that you have been through, all the people you have met and interacted with can have an impact on your a

50、ttitude. If you think that all these factors have molded you into a person with a poor attitude towards life, there is no need to worry1Identify and understand what you want to change.The first step towards change is clearly understanding what needs to be changed. 2.When it comes to changing your at

51、titude, you need to do an honest and in-depth self-evaluation so you could point out exactly which of your traits need to be improved or totally changed.3.Find someone who has the kind of attitude that you want to have, and let his or her life give you inspiration and encouragement to move beyond yo

52、ur temporary failures in your journey towards becoming a better person.Choose the right company.As they say, Bad company corrupts good character. You don expect yourself to be able to change if you go on surrounding yourself with people who possess all the negative traits that you want to change. Co

53、nsider befriending new people, especially those who are optimistic and have a healthy attitude towards life. 4.Believe that you are able to change.5Jf you don believe in yourself or believe that you or your life can change, it just won t happenyou will either never start, or give up qui ckly that yo

54、u won t have even given yourself the opportunity to succeed.Look for a role model.There is always an opportunity for change.Setting clear goals is the key to success in any endeavor.Think about how your attitude change will affect your life.The greatest obstacle is our inability to trust in what we

55、can do.Your effort to change will be easier with these people as friends.G Fix your mind on the things that would come as a result of your attitude change.學(xué)經(jīng)典精做Passage陜西省西安市2017屆高三下學(xué)期模擬）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說明文如何制定計(jì)劃2537分鐘How to Make PlansMost people get scared when talking about planning or writing plans.

56、1 And you need to planfor success as planning really works and inspires you to go straight ahead. However, how to create effective plans is still a problem. Don t worry, and just follow the steps below.Step 1 2What plans have you had in the past? Probably, in some of your plans, you haven etnded up

57、where you thought you were going to end up. Get a good understanding of what you have done and what you haven t done in the past. It is a primary foundation for your new plan. If having no plan, just take actions and make plans right now.Step 2 Think about the What - IfsWhen you are building your pl

58、ans, you should consider where you are going and make clear the What -Ifs.Because not everything just goes smoothly as you believe.3Step 3 Document the plansWhen starting to make plans, you should try to write them down. It is of key importance for the future. 4 In addition, make sure you have the p

59、lans fully written out with all the key elementsconcerned, including details.Step 4 Update the plansAccording to your written plans and actual situation, you should check out the plans you have completed and haven t completed. 5 Make sure all the assumptions are there and work out the details. After

60、 hangingon for some days, planning will be getting simpler and easier.Review historical plansMake new plans immediatelyActually, people are more likely to succeed in a planned wayAnd you need to continue what you haven t done and update itNot all people can memorize every word they said and thought