非謂語動(dòng)詞七大原則和解題步驟呢

1、關(guān)于非謂語動(dòng)詞的七大原則與解題步驟呢第一張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月下面從二個(gè)方面來復(fù)習(xí)非謂語動(dòng)詞1.非謂語動(dòng)詞的七大經(jīng)典原則2.非謂語動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟第二張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月一.非謂語動(dòng)詞的 七大經(jīng)典原則第三張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用現(xiàn)在分詞原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式原則四：凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原則上要用過去分詞。原則五：非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與 主句主語保持一致原則六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，原則上要用完成式原則七：用于名詞后

2、作定語時(shí)，原則是：用不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生; 用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行; 用過去分詞，表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，同時(shí)表示被動(dòng)意義英語非謂語動(dòng)詞題的七條經(jīng)典原則第四張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上要用不定式When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _ for a space flight. （2007江西卷） A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained如：She got up very early to c

3、atch up the first bus.2. _ this cake， youll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.（2006廣東卷） A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making to catch up the first bus.第五張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _， and asked myself what I was going to do. (2007湖南卷)A. m

4、oved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved4. He sat _ to her _ the stairs. A. to listen; to climb B. listening; to climb C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing 【解析】listen是伴隨sat而同時(shí)由主語he發(fā)出的，所以用-ing 作伴隨狀語；listen to 后跟不帶to的不定式/-ing作賓補(bǔ)?！窘馕觥坑捎谂c句子主語之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示當(dāng) 時(shí)持續(xù)了一會 兒，故用-ing。句意為：當(dāng)信號燈變綠時(shí)，我站在那兒一會兒沒動(dòng)，心

5、想自己該怎么辦。 原則二： 用作伴隨狀語，原則上要用-ing. listen to do/doing 第六張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月ing形式作伴隨狀語與 to do作目的狀語的區(qū)別：作伴隨狀語的ing形式與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生且前面常常帶一逗號;而作目的狀語的不定式的動(dòng)作要比謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作后發(fā)生前面不能用逗號。用括號里的詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Write to the editor, _ that the editor would be able to help her（ hope ）2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped

6、there _ on a big rock( rest )3.The secretary worked late into night , _ a long speech. ( prepare )4. _ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )preparingto resthopingTo keep,第七張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語時(shí)，可用-ing或不定式，其原則區(qū)別是，一般用-ing，表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之中。不定式用作結(jié)果狀語表示非邏輯的結(jié)果，即結(jié)果在意料之外。5. The glass doors ha

7、ve taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷） A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析 此處用-ing 表示自然而然的結(jié)果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那個(gè)地方洪水泛濫。6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start

8、of the year，_ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山東卷） A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 第八張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 8. He hurried to the booking office only _ that all the tickets had been sold out. （2006陜西卷） A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told 7.He hurried to

9、the station, only _ that the train had left. (2005廣東卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的結(jié)果。第九張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則四：凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原則上要用過去分詞。但是，如果所涉及的動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動(dòng)式；如果所涉及的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing的被動(dòng)式.9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle

10、 _. （2007浙江卷） A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard 【解析】根據(jù)句意，此處指的是“被聽見”，故要用被 動(dòng)式，因此 可排除 B 和 C。另外，由于“設(shè)法被聽見”為目的狀語，動(dòng)作在 當(dāng)時(shí)尚未發(fā)生，故用不定式，即選 A。 第十張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _ at the back of the classroom with his eyes_upon her. A. seatin

11、g; fixing B. to seat; fixing C.having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close【解析】of 后應(yīng)接-ing，desks 與open and close 之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系

12、，又因could be heard，所以選-ing的被動(dòng)式表正在被進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。of a stranger his eyessittingseat vt. fix ones eyes upon=I was seated.I seated myself.=I sat down第十一張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則五：非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語原則上應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致.12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_. （2006陜西卷） A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an

13、 extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John 13. While watching television，_. （2005全國卷III） A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 【解析】因?yàn)?watching 的邏輯主語一定是人，排除選項(xiàng) A 和 B ；又因在hear后作賓補(bǔ)的是省略了 to 的不定式， 所以選項(xiàng)

14、 D 中的 rings 是錯(cuò)誤的。watchingfaced with(be) faced with第十二張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前時(shí)，原則上要用完成式（根據(jù)情況可用不定式的完成式或ing的完成式） 14._ from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. （2005湖北卷） A.Being separated B. Having

15、separatedC. Having been separated D. to be separated 【解析】因?yàn)?Australia 與 separate 是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且 separate 發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被動(dòng)式作原因狀語。 15. The manager，_ it clear to us that he didnt agree with us， left the meeting room. （2005江西卷） A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making【解析】因?yàn)?The manager 與 mak

16、e 是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且 make 發(fā)生在謂語 left 之前，所以用-ing的完成式作狀語， having made . 相當(dāng)于 who had made. 的意思。lefthas第十三張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月16.Li Ming is said _ abroad. Do you know what country Yes, In London. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studyinghe studied in ?he will study in?he studies in

17、?CABisSb is said to do 據(jù)說第十四張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則七：用于名詞后作定語時(shí)，原則是： 用不定式，表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生; 用-ing，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行; 用過去分詞，表示動(dòng)作被動(dòng)、完成。17.There will be more than three hundred scientists attending the meeting _ the day after tomorrow. A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held 18. There are hundreds of visitors _ in fron

18、t of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Goghs paintings.（2006上海卷） A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait the meeting the day after tomorrowvisitors第十五張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月19. “Things _ never come again!”I couldnt help talking to myself. （2007湖南卷） A. lost B. losing C. to lost D. have lost 20. The

19、 last one _ pays the meal. Agreed!（2007全國I） A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving ThingsThe last onelose vt.lose sb/sth注：受 the first， the second . the last 修飾的名詞或代詞后原則上要用不定式作定語。 You are the second to make that mistake. 你是第二個(gè)犯這錯(cuò)誤的人。第十六張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Translate the following sentences in

20、to English.1. 這是一個(gè)已經(jīng) 討論了的問題。2. 這是一個(gè)正在 討論的問題。3. 這是一個(gè)將要 討論的問題。This is a problem discussed. （已經(jīng)完成的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）This is a problem being discussed. （正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）This is a problem to be discussed. （將要進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作）discussed being discussed to be discussed已經(jīng)正在將要第十七張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月原則一：用作目的狀語，原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語，原則四：

21、凡是含有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原則五：非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，原則六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作 之前時(shí)，原則七：用于名詞后作定語時(shí)，原則一：用作目的狀語，原則上用不定式.原則二：用作伴隨狀語，原則上用-ing.原則三：用作結(jié)果狀語，可用-ing/ to do ,原則區(qū)別是：-ing 表示一定邏輯的結(jié)果，to do 表示非邏輯的結(jié)果。原則四：凡是有被動(dòng)意義時(shí)，原則上要用過去分詞。 如果動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生，則用不定式的被動(dòng)形式； 如果動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，則用-ing的被動(dòng)形式。原則五：非謂語動(dòng)詞作狀語時(shí)，原則上其邏輯主語應(yīng)與主句主語保持一致。原則六：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句謂語動(dòng)作之前，原則上要用完成式（-ing 的完成式或不

22、定式的完成式）原則七：用于名詞后作定語，原則是：不定式表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生；-ing表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行：過去分詞表示動(dòng)作完成，被動(dòng)。第十八張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月二. 非謂語動(dòng)詞解題四大步驟第十九張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（一）分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),辨別“謂語與非謂語”_many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.

23、Though he was toldC_A注意連詞第二十張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3.It _ a hot day, wed better go swimming. 4. _ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there.is B. to be C. beingD.It being E. It was F. beenCE注意標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號第二十一張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 非謂語動(dòng)詞雖不能作謂語，但仍具有動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，其邏輯上的動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者就叫做邏輯主語。（二）找邏輯主語1.Walking along the street one day

24、, she saw a little girl running up to her.2.She is reading a book found on the way.3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 4. Convinced of the truth of the reports, he told his colleagues about it. 一般來說，作狀語的非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語； 作賓補(bǔ)的非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是賓語； 作定語的非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語是被修飾詞。第二十二張，PPT

25、共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月 A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. takenD BEverythingthey5._ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance.6.Everything _into consideration, they ought to have another chance.第二十三張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（三）分析語態(tài)分析語態(tài)就是在確定邏輯主語之后，分析非謂語動(dòng)詞和邏輯主語在搭配使用時(shí)是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。7. “You ca

26、nt catch me !” Jane shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 8. _ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. LosingJane the two students第二十四張，PPT共二十九頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月（四）分析時(shí)態(tài)9. The building _now will be a restaurant .10. The building _ next year will be a restaurant .11. The building _last year is a