語法動(dòng)詞用法

1、關(guān)于語法動(dòng)詞的用法第一張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月現(xiàn)在分詞與動(dòng)名詞的基本形式你知道嗎？那么簡單，誰不知道。是由動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ing 形式構(gòu)成，因此又叫動(dòng)詞的 -ing 形式。V+-ing第二張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月The ing form構(gòu)成：1.一般情況 rain-2.以e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 hope-3.重讀閉音節(jié)的動(dòng)詞 stop- 4.以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞 die- lie- tie-raininghopingstoppingdyinglyingtying第三張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月歸納總結(jié)：動(dòng)詞-ing是_中的一種，單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，能在句中做除_之外的

2、任何其他句子成分。如：主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語、賓補(bǔ)等。在語態(tài)上，動(dòng)詞-ing表示_（主動(dòng)/被動(dòng))的動(dòng)作。在時(shí)間上，動(dòng)詞-ing一般表示_（正在進(jìn)行/已經(jīng)完成）的動(dòng)作。 動(dòng)詞非謂語形式謂語主動(dòng)正在進(jìn)行第四張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月Ing 時(shí) 態(tài) 和 語 態(tài) 類 別 及 物動(dòng) 詞形式主 動(dòng)被 動(dòng)一般式doing being done 完成式having donehaving been done重點(diǎn)注：否定式在其一般式和完成式前面加not第五張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作主語：動(dòng)名詞(動(dòng)詞ing形式在句中做主語、賓語、表語時(shí)，其作用相當(dāng)于抽象名詞)Teaching

3、 is my full-time job.Writing an English composition is not easy. Its useless taking this kind of medicine.第六張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月歸納：常用-ing形式作主語的句型有：It +be +a waste of time doing 做是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間的It is/was no good/use doing 做是沒益/用處的It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing 做不值得It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做是值得

4、的There be no doing 無法 ， 不允許第七張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月There is no sense in doing 做、沒有道理There is/was no use doing 干、無意義 There is/was nothing worse than doing 沒有比、更糟的There is/was no point doing 干、無意義我們不知道要去哪兒。There was no knowing where we would go. 做這件傻事毫無意義。 There is no point doing such a silly thing. 第八

5、張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月和夏洛克爭辯是沒有什么用的。It is useless trying to argue with Shylock這事值得去做。 Its worth making the effort若要人不知，除非己莫為。There is no hiding of evil but not to do it這種事開不得玩笑。There is no joking about such matter.第九張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作表語（1）動(dòng)名詞My job is teaching. = Teaching is my job.Her full-time

6、job is laying eggs.=Laying eggs is her full-time job.（2）現(xiàn)在分詞The play is exciting. Exciting is the play.The story he told us was very interesting. Interesting was the story he told us.動(dòng)名詞做表語對(duì)主語解釋說明，可與句子的主語互換，不影響原意?，F(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作是句中主語發(fā)出的，主語與分詞存在邏輯主謂關(guān)系，不能與主語互換位置。第十張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作賓語1.只接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞：避免錯(cuò)過少延期 av

7、oid/ miss/ delay/ postpone建議完成多練習(xí) suggest/advise/finish/complete/ practice喜歡想象禁不住 enjoy/ imagine/ cant help承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒 admit/ deny/ envy逃避冒險(xiǎn)莫寬恕 escape/ risk/ forgive/ excuse忍受保持不介意 stand/ keep/ mind允許感激和考慮 allow/ permit/ appreciate/ consider明白鼓勵(lì)要禁止 understand/ encourage/ forbid第十一張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月2.

8、 意義一致Like/ hate/ begin/ start/ love/ continue/ preferLike to do 具體的將來的一次的Like doing 習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常性的I like playing football.I like to play football this afternoon.第十二張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月3. 意義不一致remember/ forget/ regret I forgot to post your letter. 未做 I forgot posting your letter. 做了B. mean/ tryMean to do 打

9、算 mean doing 意味著Try to do 努力 try doing 試著第十三張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月C. stop/ go on stop to do 另一件 stop doing 同一件D. need/ want/ requireThe flowers need watering. Doing 用主動(dòng)The flowers need to be watered. to be done用被動(dòng)第十四張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月接動(dòng)名詞作賓語的詞組(舉例)： 介詞+doing preferto be used to lead to devote ones

10、elf to stick to look forward to (to為介詞） admit to no use, Its worth, as well as, cant help, Its no use /good be tired of be fond of be afraid of be proud of hold off put off keep on insist on set about be successful in good at take up give up prevent from think of / about第十五張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作賓語補(bǔ)足

11、語表示賓語進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，具有主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的含義 I heard the girl singing in the classroom. I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open. The baby watched his dad shaving his face with great interest. 常見ing作賓語補(bǔ)足語出現(xiàn)在下列動(dòng)詞后，見課本145頁第十六張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月動(dòng)名詞作定語表示性質(zhì)或用途。a washing machine a machine for washinga sw

12、imming pool a pool for swimming This is a new washing machine. 作定語第十七張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作定語現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示動(dòng)作。如果是單詞，放在被修飾的名詞前；如果是短語，放就放在被修飾的名詞之后。a developing country a country which is developinga sleeping boy a boy who is sleepingThe man talking with my father is Mr. Wang.China is a developing country.第

13、十八張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月作 狀 語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。表時(shí)間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、伴隨（方式）等，具有主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的含義。表示其動(dòng)作與句子的謂語是同時(shí)的。Hearing the cry for help, he rushed out.（時(shí)間）Being ill, he went home. （原因）European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sport in the world. （結(jié)果）He read a magazine waiting for the bus.（伴隨） See

14、ing from the hill, you can get the whole town.(條件）第十九張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月注意：分詞(短語)作狀語時(shí)，其邏輯主語必須與句子的主語一致。如果不一致，必須用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來表示，也就是在分詞前面加上它的邏輯主語。1. Comparing all the great people with each other, youll find that they have much in common. 2. Finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.3. T

15、he train having gone, we had to wait another day.分析:前兩例中,-ing形式的邏輯主語均為主句的主語。最后一例中having gone的邏輯主語是 the train。 第二十張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月根據(jù)這個(gè)性質(zhì),我們在使用-ing形式作狀語時(shí),切記不要在前面或后面的句子前用連詞連接。如: Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,soyoullfeelverycomfortable.() 注意：-ing形式(短語)的功能有時(shí)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句。 分析:如前所述,-ing形式短語相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句,所以

16、后半句中的連詞so的使用是錯(cuò)誤的,應(yīng)該去掉。原句應(yīng)改為: Walkingonthefallenleavesinautumn,youllfeelverycomfortable. 第二十一張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6月簡單了解一般式與完成式的時(shí)間意義 1. Looking carefully at the ground, I made my way to the edge of the crater.2. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice. ing形式的完成式所表示的時(shí)間在謂語動(dòng)詞之前 ing形式的一般式所表示的時(shí)間與謂語動(dòng)詞無明顯的先后順序第二十二張，PPT共二十四頁，創(chuàng)作于2022年6