2023屆云南省楚雄彝族自治州大姚第一中學高考沖刺英語模擬試題含解析

1、2023屆高考英語模擬試卷注意事項：1 答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫清楚，將條形碼準確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用05毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3請按照題號順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分 （共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1I really dont know _ she gets by on such a modest salary.Awhat BwhyChow Dtha

2、t2Smoking _ in the kitchen in my house.A doesnt allow B didnt allowC isnt allowed D wont allow3Do you know why the teacher asks for me?He wants you to _ your absence last night.Aaccount forBcall forCsend forDreach for4-Dont worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only the flu.- _! Ill tell dad theres not

3、hing serious.ACongratulations BWhat a reliefCHow surprising DIm so sorry5The worlds leading thinkers and policymakers examine whats come apart in the past year, and what will define the year ahead,Aevaluate BinnovateCanticipate Dregulate6The incident turned him into different person, even if he did

4、not realize it at beginning.Aa; aBthe; theCthe; aDa; the7She has expressed her hope _ the foreign students will spread the good will and sincerity of the Chinese people to other parts of the world.AthatBwhichCwhetherDwhat8I felt like giving up. I probably _， but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can m

5、ake it.”Awould have Bwould Cshould Dshould have9We should do what we can _ peoples hard work pays off.Abe sureBbeing sureCmaking sureDto make sure10We had better put off interviewing the athlete, for he is busy preparing for an international contest _ in Shanghai next month.AheldBto holdCbeing heldD

6、to be held11Whats wrong with him? He seemed upset.He had to give up his drawing, not because he wanted _ that way but because he had to be.Athis BoneCit Dsuch12-Alan seems a lot taller than when I last saw him.-He . Hes grown a foot since you saw him in Shanghai.AisBwill beChas beenDwas13The science

7、 competition is a good opportunity to show students _ creativity can add new value to their school life.AwhereBwhetherChowDwhen14Didnt you go fishing with your friends last Sunday?No. I _ to the nursing home as usual.AwentBgoChave goneDhad gone15This is the first time I _ my picture with my own hand

8、s.It is time that you _ a picture for me.Ahave taken; tookBtook; should takeCtook; will takeDwill take; have taken16A lot of suggestions were put forward at the meeting, but _ was practical.Anothing BnoneCneither Dno one17Im burnt out as Ive been working on my essay all the time. _. Youll surely mak

9、e it.ADont put on airsBGive me a breakCDont get on my nerveDHang in there18I like such houses with beautiful gardens in front, but I dont have enough money to buy .AitBoneCthatDthis19We will remain _to the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities.AcommittingBcomm

10、ittedCto be committedDto have committed20Muir succeeds _ other designers have failedher clothes are Original, yet stylish.AthatBwhatCwhichDwhere第二部分 閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21（6分）To err is human. Society is suffering from an inability to acknowledge as much.For individuals, error

11、s are painful. The trick, then, is to err well: to recognize mistakes and learn from them. Worryingly, humanity may be getting worse at admitting its mistakes.Few enjoy the feeling of being caught out in an error. But real trouble starts when the desire to avoid a punishment leads to a refusal to de

12、al with contrary evidence. Economists often assume that people are sensible. When faced with a new fact, these people should update their view of the world to take better decisions in future. Yet years of economic research confirms that people frequently disregard information that conflicts with the

13、ir view of the world.Why should that be? Last year Roland Benabou, of Princeton, presented a framework for thinking about the problem. In many ways, beliefs are like other economic goods. People spend time and resources building them, and get value from them: some beliefs make owners feel good and s

14、how their public identity; other beliefs provide value by shaping behaviorfor example, religious asceticism(禁欲主義) can help one avoid unhealthy habits.Because beliefs, however, are not simply tools for making good decisions, but are treasured in their own right, new information that challenges them i

15、s unwelcome. People often engage in “motivated reasoning” to manage such challenges. Mr Benabou classifies this into three categories. “Strategic ignorance” is when a believer avoids information offering conflicting evidence. In “reality denial”， troubling evidence is rationalized(合理化)：real estate i

16、nvestors might make up fanciful theories for why prices should behave unusually, and supporters of a disgraced politician might claim the negative news to be fake. And lastly, in “selfsignalling”， the believer creates his own tools to interpret the facts in the way he wants: an unhealthy person, for

17、 example, might decide that going for a daily run proves he is well.“Motivated reasoning” is a cognitive bias(偏見). Not all the errors it leads to are costly: praising the performance of ones supported football team despite contradictory evidence does little harm. But when biases are broadly sharedwi

18、thin financial world or political partiesdanger arises. Motivated reasoning helps explain why viewpoints polarize (兩極分化) even as information is more easily available than ever before.Work by Mr Benabou suggests that groupthink is highest when people within groups face a shared fate: when choosing to

19、 break from a group is unlikely to spare an individual the costs of the groups errors or bring much individual benefit. The incentive(動力) to engage in motivated reasoning is high as a result. Even as the fact on a particular issue is obvious, parties can still become increasingly polarized. That, in

20、 turn, can make it harder still for a member of one party to get any benefit from breaking from a group. Indeed, the group has an incentive to silence independent voices.Public statements of regret are risky in a rigidly polarized world. Admissions of error can not only annoy partners but also provi

21、de opportunities for opponents. But it is rarely in the interest of those in the right to pretend that they are never wrong.1、According to the passage, beliefs are similar to economic goods in that _Aboth are entertaining and valuable Bboth can be shaped by religious faithCboth can reflect who the o

22、wners are Dboth promote religious development2、Which of the following is an example of “selfsignalling”？AA fan speaks highly of his team although it has just lost the game.BA man covers his ears when stealing a bell, believing the bell wont ring.CSupporters of Trump believe the news about his affair

23、s with a lady is fake.DSuspected AIDS carriers refuse to be tested though it can be done for free.3、What can be inferred from Paragraphs 6 and 7?APolarization causes individuals to break from the group.BRicher sources of information decrease motivated reasoning.CIndividuals with independent voices a

24、re dismissed from the group.DIndividuals in a group engage in motivated reasoning for their own interests.4、Which of the following opinions might the author agree with?ADenying errors is unavoidable.BFailure to admit errors is harmful.CHumans are getting better at erring well.DWise people ignore con

25、trary worldviews.22（8分） A full moon is appearingand it will have a big impact on animals, especially those in the ocean.Recent studies show that many types of animals have biological clocks finely tuned to the cycles of the moon, which drives interesting and sometimes strange patterns of behavior.Be

26、sides discovering hidden aspects of animal life, the research also has intention of better understanding the circadian clocks(生物鐘)present in all animals, including humans.The first circadian clocks evolved in the oceans, so studying them in ocean animals can tell us a lot about how they evolved and

27、how they work and interact with each other, explains Kim Last, a researcher at the Scottish Association for Marine Science.Oysters(牡蠣), which open their shells to eat and spawn, also have a lunar rhythm, a new study shows.In a recent experiment, French researchers carefully monitored how widely a do

28、zen oysters opened their shells during a 3.5-month period. The team used a high-tech device that quantified the valve opening every two seconds, as described in a paper published in the journal Biology Letters.They found that two types of oysters in Arcachon Bay in southwestern France were significa

29、ntly more open during new moons and more closed when the moon was full. In addition, the oysters could tell the difference between the first quarter moon and the third quarter moon, and were significantly more open (by nearly 20 percent) at the latter.Its unknown why the oysters do this, though it c

30、ould be due to more algae(海藻) or other food being available during the new moon and as the year progresses, says study leader Damien Tran, a researcher at the University of Bordeaux.The lunar cycle could influence food availability by its impact on the tides and thus the oceans currents. When the mo

31、on is full or new, it is directly in line with Earth and the sun, forcing a strong pull on the ocean and thus causing more pronounced tides, explains David Wilcockson, a ocean biologist at Aberystwyth University in Wales who wasnt part of the study.1、Where did the earliest life forms probably evolve

32、?AIn the tides.BIn the oysters.CIn the moon.DIn the ocean.2、Based on the observations, what is the likely order of when the oysters are most open and most closed?The new moon; The full moon;The first quarter; The third quarterA-B-C-D-3、What is it that leads to the huge tides?AA strong pull.BA straig

33、ht line.CThe lunar cycle.DThe oceans current.4、Why are oysters mentioned as an example?ATo explain why they open their shells.BTo further stress the moons impact on animals.CTo show the difficulty of science experiments.DTo introduce how the high-tech device is used in experiments.23（8分）During the s

34、eventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. D

35、uring these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur (業(yè)余的) historians. Their writings were ce

36、lebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources. During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local womens organizations compiled acco

37、unts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources form the core of the two greatest collections of womens history in the United Statesone at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radeliffe College, and the other the Sophi

38、a Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women adjusted to the “great women” theory of history, just a

39、s much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were invo

40、lved in public life as reformers, activists working for womens right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great mass of ordinary women. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.1、What does the passage mainly d

41、iscuss?AThe role of literature in early American histories.BThe place of American women in written histories.CThe keen sense of history shown by American women.DThe “great women” approach to history used by American historians.2、The word “they” in Paragraph 2 refers to .Aefforts BsourcesCwritings Da

42、uthors3、In the second paragraph, what weakness in nineteenth-century histories does the author point out?AThey put too much emphasis on daily activities.BThey left out discussion of the influence on money or politics.CThe sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.DT

43、hey were printed on poor quality paper.4、What use was made of the nineteenth-century womens history materials in the Schlesinger Library and the Sophia Smith Collection?AThey were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia (多卷百科全書) about women.BThey formed the basis of college courses in t

44、he nineteenth-century.CThey provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.DThey were shared among womens colleges throughout the United States.24（8分）Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of

45、worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time. But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is a sad reality that people dont realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another. Think of

46、 the most typical American girl you know. Is she blonde haired with white skin and light eyes, and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa, a place where beauty is placed on what you can control. The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are, and how

47、stylish their piercings (穿孔) are. This tribes culture is to be a brave fighter, so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong. If you dont look fierce, you are not beautiful.Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty. In an i

48、nterview, a woman who has lived in both North and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife. She says that women in North Korea are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense. She says they did have a time when big eyes

49、 were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery. This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture. And the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy.1、What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?AInconsist

50、ent. BReasonable. CUnusual. DSimilar.2、The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes _.Agetting dirty is stylishBlooking fierce is beautifulCstrong people cut their skinDAmerican girls love shopping3、According to the woman interviewed, women in North Korea now_.Acare a lot about

51、their appearanceBput the beauty of eyes in the first placeCpay great attention to their abilityDare crazy about double eyelid surgery4、What does the text mainly tell us?AInner beauty is of great importance.BIdeas of beauty vary among culture groups.CDifferent ways are needed to admire true beauty.DF

52、ashion magazines easily influence young people.25（10分） China plans to launch 156 small satellites by 2025 toprovide Internet services in low signal areas and placeswith adverse natural environment, according toChinaAerospace Science and Industry Corporation(CASIC).Due to environmental conditionsof d

53、eserts,mountains and seas, half of the worlds population has noaccess to the Internet, and the information deficiencyhamperslocal development.It will be Chinas first broadband Internet accesssystem with small satellites hovering in low orbit, whichwill also help meet the needs of commercial space de

54、velopment.The project, named Hongyun, plans to send the firstsatellite by 2019, and launch four more by 2020. By theend of 2025, CASIC plans to have all of the 156 satellites in operation.The Hongyun Proiect, which focuses on communication,remote sensing and navigation, can offer communicationand In

55、ternet services for China and less-developed 3countries with reduced latency. Meanwhile, the projectcan also benefit emergency communication, sensor data collection and remote control of unmanned equipment.Currently, international maritime satellites are widely used in communications in mountainous

56、areas and airplanes, but those satellites, 36, 000 kilometers abovethe Earth, have time and signal delay as well as high cost for providing services.The small satellites sent by the Hongyun Project will hover in low orbits only hundreds of kilometers to 1, 000 kilometers above the Earth, and thus co

57、uld improve the Internet access. However, the low orbit satellites may face challenges in power supply, as they need more energyto reduce the influence of air-resistance compared to highorbit satellites. Experiments are needed to determinewhether solar energy alone is enough.1、According to the passa

58、ge, _.A156satellites will be launched by the Hongyun Project by 2020Binternational maritime satellites can cause signaldelayCThe Hongyun Project may not encourage commercialspace developmentDlow orbit satellites are currently used widely incommunications in mountainous areas2、The underlined word “ha

59、mpers” in Paragraph2 probably refers to _.AacceleratesBdeterminesCpreventsDpromotes3、Which of the following is not included in the HongyunProject?ACommunication and Navigation.BRemote sensing.CData collection.DSolar energy.4、Low orbit satellites need more energy in order to_.Aprovide more accurate d

60、ataBimprove the Internet accessCreduce the effect of air-resistanceDface more challenges第三部分 語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項26（30分）Everyone admires somebody, perhaps for something they do, say or believe. My 1 is a person Ive followed almost my entire life. T