交換機端口兼容性問題的處理方法

1、交換機端口兼容性問題的處理方法(本文適用于NETGEAR智能交換機和700系列全網(wǎng)管交換機)現(xiàn)在市面上有很多家廠商都在生產(chǎn)交換機或網(wǎng)卡，雖然絕大多數(shù)廠家的交換機之間、交換機和網(wǎng)卡之間都可以相互兼容，在一起正常工作，但有時候我們也會碰到一些不兼容的情況，現(xiàn)象主要表現(xiàn)在：交換機級聯(lián)或電腦連交換機時端口燈不亮，鏈路不通交換機之間或電腦連交換機傳輸數(shù)據(jù)很慢，丟包嚴重交換機之間或電腦連交換機傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)誤碼率很高對于上述問題，我們總結(jié)了一些經(jīng)驗，并通過NETGEAR智能交換機、全網(wǎng)管700系列交換機為例，說明操作的方法，嘗試解決兼容性的問題。雖然不能說能絕對解決問題，但可作為采取的一種排除故障的手段?？蓢L

2、試的方法如下：1、修改端口的速率協(xié)商模式和雙工，如強制端口工作在百兆全雙工，或把速率設(shè)為自動協(xié)商等2、開啟或關(guān)閉端口的流量控制(FlowControl)功能3、開啟或關(guān)閉端口風(fēng)暴控制功能4、關(guān)閉生成樹協(xié)議一、端口速率協(xié)商模式、雙工和流量控制(FlowControl)的修改交換機硬件方面的兼容性，可以通過修改端口速率協(xié)商模式和雙工模式來嘗試解決。流量控制功能通過修改對端口緩存的管理控制也能解決部分兼容性問題。1、基本智能交換機，我們以FS726T為例進入SwitchPortConfigurationSystemSwitchStatusIPAccessListSetupMsswordSwitch_

3、PortConfiguratiDn詈tatkticaQoSHLANTnjnlcingAdvangdFirmwareBackupFactoryResEtSystemResetIDSpeedFlowControlLinkStatusPortDescri|JtionIDSpeedFlowControlLinkStatusPortDescri|Jtion10/100Mbps01AutoOnDown02AutoOnDown03AutoOnDown04AutoOnDown05AutoOnDawn06AutoOnDown07AutoOnDown08AutoOnDown09AutoOnDown10AutoOn

4、Down11AutoOnDown12AutoOnDown13AutoOn10OMFull14AutoOnDown15AutoOnDawn16AutoOnDown17AutoOnDown18AutoOnDown19AutoOnDown20AutoOnDown21AutoOnDown22AutoOnDown23AutoOnDown24AutoOnDown10/100/1000Mbps25AutoOnDown26|AutoOnDownPORTConfigurationRefreshLogout選擇要修改的端口，在Speed處選擇需要的模式，在FlowControl設(shè)置開啟或關(guān)閉流量控制。System

5、SwitchStatusIP就txessListSet-upPasswordSwitchPortConfigurationStatisticsQaSHLMTrunkingMonitDrAdvancedFirmwareCanfiguratianBmukupFmctDryRewetSystemRewetPortSettingsPleaseheawarethatspeedmustsetassameaslinkpailner.SystemPortSettingsSwitchStatusIPAccessListSet-upPasswordPleasebeawarethatspeedmustsetassa

6、measlinkpartner.Otherwise,packetlossorlinkerrormightoccur.SwitchPortConfiaurationIDSpeedJfFlowControlPortDescription1Autov|OffvOnStatisticsQoSPreviousPor/extPortApplyHelpLoglltVLANTrunkingMonitorAdvancedFirmwareConfigurationBackupFactoryResetLogout2、增強型智能交換機，我們以FS728TS為例進入SwitchPortConfiguration選取要修

7、改的端口，如果要強制端口速率的話，則需要先把AutoNegotiation設(shè)為Disable然后在AdminSpeed和AdminDuplex處設(shè)置速率和雙工。如果是半雙工，可在BackPressure開啟或關(guān)閉流量控制；如果是全雙工，可在FlowControl出開啟或關(guān)閉流量控制SystemMennSwitchSt己tu%IPI門terf日cesecuitAdcienTBbleTimEPoEGonficiui*日tionSteckMe門&qem巳門tSwitchPortGo門ficiur曰ticniLAGGonfiqu3ticniSt&tistics/RHCiMQoSVLAMPrlonito

8、rAd廿日門cedFirmwareReactivateSuspendedPortOperationalStatus.ActiveAdminSpeed100MvCurrentPortSpeed100MAdminDuplexFullvCurrentDuplexModeFullAutoNegotiationOEnableDisableCurrentAutoNegotiationEnableAdminAdvertisement0Ca口日匕ilityZ10Half10Full100Half100Full1000FullCurrentAdvertisement10Half10Full100Half100F

9、ullNeighborAdvertisement10Half10Full100Half100FullBackPressureOEnableDisableCurrentBackPressureDisableFlowControlDisable二CurrentFlowControlDisableMDI/MDIXAUTOvCurrentMDI/MDIXMDIPortTypelOOM-coppercFileManaaement3、全網(wǎng)管700系列交換機，以FSM726S為例在Set-upPortConfiguration中在Speed處選擇需要的模式，在FlowControl設(shè)置開啟或關(guān)閉流量控制。二

10、、風(fēng)暴控制的修改風(fēng)暴控制主要用于避免局域網(wǎng)中的廣播風(fēng)暴，它限制了每個端口每秒通過的廣播（組播）數(shù)量，丟棄多余的廣播（組播）包。對一些網(wǎng)吧中使用廣播或組播來實現(xiàn)服務(wù)器更新的應(yīng)用（比如網(wǎng)絡(luò)克?。斐奢^大影響。1、基本智能交換機，我們以FS726T為例進入AdvancedStormControl中，可修改全局的風(fēng)暴控制設(shè)置System生witchstatusIPAccessListet-UDPasswordSwitchStormControlGlobalSettingPortEgnfiflufgijgnStatisticsQoSVLANTankingIVIonitoMvanmdStormContr

11、olStatusDisableVThreshold(bps)BroadcastUnlyMulticast&BroadcastUrikrLOi.mUnicast.MulticastiiBroadcastApplyHelpSpanningTreeSNMPConfigmationIGMPSnoopingStatusStaticMulticastGroupsPortRateSettingStonriContmlFirmwareCDnfiguaitiDiiB阿dcupFactoryRe甘EtPortStormControlModeTliresliokl(l)ps)01DisableDisable02Di

12、sableDisable03DisableDisable04DisableDisable05DisableDisable06DisableDisable07DisableDisable08DisableDisable09DisableDisable10DisableDisable11DisableDisable12DisableDisable13DisableDisable14DisableDisableDisable：關(guān)閉風(fēng)暴控制BroadcastOnly：僅開啟廣播風(fēng)暴控制Multicast&Broadcast：組播和廣播風(fēng)暴控制UnknownUnicast.Multicast&Broad

13、cast：未知單播、組播和廣播風(fēng)暴控制Threshold(bps)：每秒每端口可通過的廣播(組播)數(shù)據(jù)另外也可點擊端口號針對每個端口來設(shè)置Pon:StormControlMode:Threshold(bps):ApplyStormControlPortSettingDisablevBroadcastOnlyMulticast廈BroadcastDisableUnknownUnicastjMulticast&Broadcast2、增強型智能交換機，我們以FS728TS為例進入SwitchSecurityTrafficStormControlBrodcThreshTimEStormControlP

14、oEConfigurationSwitchPortCo門fiquetionLAGCo門figuetionStetistics/RIVIONOoSSECurit#TrofficPortSecurityAccessGontolPortAuthentic:日tionInterfaceBroadcastControlBroadcastModeBroadcastRateThreshold(Kbps)InterfaceBroadcastControlBroadcastMode1/elEnabledBroad匚mEtOnly200l/e2EnabledBroad匚mEtOnlyl/e3EnabledBroa

15、dcastOnly200l/e4EnabledBroadcastOnlyl/e5EnabledBroad匚曰EtOnly200l/e6EnabledBroad匚曰EtOnlyl/e7EnabledBroadcastOnly200l/e8EnabledBroadcastOnlyEnabledBroad匚日mtOnly200EnabledBroad匚日mtOnlyEnabledBroadcastOnly200仏12EnabledBroadcastOnlyElmEnabledBroadcastOnly200EnabledBroadcastOnlyEnabledBroad匚mEtOnly200仏1白E

16、nabledBroad匚mEtOnly仏了EnabledBroadcastOnly200EnabledBroadcastOnlyEnabledBroad匚日mtOnly200EnabledBroad匚日mtOnlyEnabledBroadcastOnly200仏22EnabledBroadcastOnly1扛2耳EnabledBroadcastOnly200EnabledBroadcastOnly1/QlEnabledBroad匚mEtOnly2001/Q2EnabledBroad匚mEtOnlyVLAMMemitciFirmwareFilEM日門曰QEmEnt點擊要修改的端口，在Enable

17、BroadcastControl設(shè)置是否打開風(fēng)暴控制。3、全網(wǎng)管700系列交換機，以FSM726S為例進入AdvaneedTrafficManagementBroadcastControl中NavigationAdvancedTrafficManagementBroadcastControlStackUnit1:BroadcastControlRate:Packet&s781112151619202324Thispageallowsyoutocontrolthemaximumnumberofbroadcastpacketsreceivedeachsecondoneachport.Broadca

18、stpacketsbeyondthesetthresholdwillbedropped.Thethresholdcanbeanynumberbetween0and1,488,100.PacketssPortPacketssHvstemSl_|StatusSl_|Set-upBlIToolsBllSecurityWAdvancedDisabeAdvancedAertiPortFylirrorinqFortTrunkinqTraTTicFrioritvBroadcastcontroELJVLANSEl_|MACEI_|SNMPApplytoAllPortsPacketssPort3田|_1.a.d

19、vancedSecurit?田|_|.a.dvancedToolsHjTrafficManagement田IISpanningTreeEl_lMultimediaSupport700系列交換機沒有直接關(guān)閉風(fēng)暴控制的設(shè)置，要關(guān)閉的話，就將控制值設(shè)為最大1488100）即可。三、關(guān)閉生成樹協(xié)議生成樹協(xié)議（SpanningTreeProtocol）是為了避免環(huán)路、增加冗余而產(chǎn)生的協(xié)議，使用的標準是802.1d,在有的使用其他私有協(xié)議的交換機上（如使用PVST的Cisco交換機），可能出現(xiàn)兼容性問題。因此在確保沒有環(huán)路的情形下，可以嘗試關(guān)閉生成樹協(xié)議。1、基本智能交換機，我們以FS726T為例進入Sw

20、itchAdvaneedSpanningTree,將STPFunction設(shè)為DisableSystemSwitchStatusIPAcxe聽ListSt-upSwitchPortCnnfiguitioiiStatistics*QoSVLANTrunldiigMonitorAdvancedSpanninjiTreeSNMPGmfiguetionIGWIPSnoopingStatusSt同tichflulticastGolipsPrtRateGettingSt口m匸口nt口IFirmwareConfiguiticjnB阿cku口FactoryReset802.1DSpanningTreeSettingSTPFunction一-OEnable.FastLinkODisal)l