古建筑名詞-中英對照

1、信人:tjr99(頤養(yǎng)),信區(qū):DESIGNPHD標(biāo)題:中國古代建筑及構(gòu)造英文翻譯發(fā)信站:未建成BBS(SunMar1120:43:562007),站內(nèi)（全國自然科學(xué)名詞審定委員會1996年公布）中國古代建筑及構(gòu)造宮palace，temple殿hall廳hall又稱堂室room房house亭pavilion臺platform壇altar樓storiedbuilding*閣pavilion廊colonnade榭paviliononterrace水榭watersidepavilion軒windowedveranda民居folkhouse四合院courtyardhouse寨stockadedvill

2、age舫boathouse闕que，watchtower牌樓pailou，decoratedgateway華表huabiao，ornamentalpillar塔pagoda硬山flushgableroof懸山overhanginggableroof歇山gableandhiproof廡殿hiproof四阿hiproof卷棚roundridgeroof重檐doubleeaveroof攢尖pyramidalroof園攢尖roundpavilionroof大木woodenstructure大式woodenframewithdougong小式woodenframewithoutdougong大木作car

3、pentrywork小木作joinerywork抬梁式構(gòu)架postandlintelconstruction穿斗式構(gòu)架columnandtieconstruction井干式構(gòu)架logcabinconstruction檐柱eavecolumn金柱hypostylecolumn內(nèi)槽柱hypostylecolumn唐代術(shù)語內(nèi)柱hypostylecolumn宋代術(shù)語山柱centercolumn角柱cornercolumn唐、宋術(shù)語瓜柱shortcolumn脊瓜柱kingpost蜀柱kingpost宋代術(shù)語雷公柱suspendedcolumn帳桿suspendedcolumn宋代術(shù)語側(cè)腳cejiao宋代

4、術(shù)語卷殺entasis梭柱shuttle-shapedcolumn宋代術(shù)語角背bracket由戧invertedV-shapedbrace*手chashou，invertedV-shapedbrace宋代術(shù)語柁墩woodenpier駝峰tuofeng，camel-humpshapedsupport宋代術(shù)語梁beam栿beam宋代術(shù)語月梁crescentbeam三架梁3-purlinbeam平梁3-purlinbeam宋代術(shù)語四架梁4-purlinbeam五架梁5-purlinbeam四椽栿5-purlinbeam宋代術(shù)語六架梁6-purlinbeam七架梁7-purlinbeam六椽栿7-pu

5、rlinbeam宋代術(shù)語九架梁9-purlinbeam八椽栿9-purlinbeam宋代術(shù)語單步梁one-stepcrossbeam雙步梁two-stepcrossbeam挑尖梁mainaisleexposedtiebeam乳栿rufu，beamtie宋代術(shù)語抱頭梁baotoubeam穿插枋penetratingtie角梁hiprafer桁purlin(usedwithdougong)大式檁purlin(usedwithoutdougong)小式槫purlin宋代術(shù)語脊桁ridgedpurlin大式脊檁ridgedpurlin小式脊槫ridgedpurlin宋代術(shù)語金桁intermediate

6、purlin大式金檁intermediatepurlin小式上中平槫intermediatepurlin宋代術(shù)語老檐桁purlinonhypostyle大、小式，宋代術(shù)語正心桁eavepurlin大式檐檁eavepurlin小式下平槫eavepurlin宋代術(shù)語額枋architrave(usedwithdougong)大式檐枋architrave(usedwithdougong)小式闌額architrave宋代術(shù)語由額墊板cushionboard大式檐墊板cushionboard小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridgetiebeam上金枋upperpurlintiebeam下金枋lowerpurli

7、ntiebeam老檐枋eavetiebeam大式，指檐口構(gòu)造檐枋eavetiebeam小式，指檐口構(gòu)造頂椽toprafter腦椽upperrafter*花架椽intermediaterafter檐椽eaverafter飛檐椽flyingrafter飛子flyingrafter宋代術(shù)語連檐eaveedging瓦口tileedging頷版tileedging宋代術(shù)語舉架raisingthepurlin舉析raisingthepurlin宋代術(shù)語步架horizontalspacingbetweenpurlins材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou，mortiseofcapblock斗拱dougon

8、g，bracketset斗dou，bracketset升blockwithcrossmortise大斗capblock櫨斗capblock宋代術(shù)語拱gong，bracketarm翹flowerarm，petal華拱flowerarm宋代術(shù)語昂ang，lever槽升子centerblock齊心斗centerblock宋代術(shù)語三才升smallblock十八斗connectionblock交互斗connectionblock宋代術(shù)語正心拱axialbracketarm泥道拱axialbracketarm宋代術(shù)語瓜拱ovalarm瓜子拱ovalarm宋代術(shù)語萬拱l(fā)ongarm慢拱l(fā)ongarm宋代術(shù)語

9、廂拱regulararm令拱regulararm宋代術(shù)語單材拱outer-sidebracketarm撐頭smalltie-beam枋smalltie-beam宋代術(shù)語耍頭nose攢setofbracket柱頭科bracketsetoncolumns柱頭鋪?zhàn)鱞racketsetoncolumns宋代術(shù)語平身科bracketsetsbetweencolumns補(bǔ)間鋪?zhàn)鱞racketsetsbetweencolumns宋代術(shù)語角科bracketsetoncorner轉(zhuǎn)角鋪?zhàn)鱞racketsetoncorner宋代術(shù)語出extensionofbracket出跳extensionofbracket宋代

10、術(shù)語跴cai跳tiao宋代術(shù)語雀替sparrowbrace搏縫板gableeaveboard搏縫版gableeaveboard宋代術(shù)語木裝修joinerswork外檐裝修exteriorfinishwork內(nèi)檐裝修interiorfinishwork框檻doorframe檻stud抱框jambondoororwindow格柵partitiondoor抹頭windowstool欞子grill裙板panel檻窗sillwallwindow榻板windowsill支摘窗removablewindow門枕doorbearing門簪decorativecylinder門跋doorknocker門釘dec

11、orativenailsondoorleaf門枕石bearingstone抱鼓石drum-shapedbearingstone天花ceiling帽兒梁latticeframing支條latticeframing井口天花compartmentceiling海墁天花flatceiling藻井caissonceiling罩shelf龕niche博古架antiqueshelf瓦石作masonry檐墻eavewall廊墻partitionwall扇面墻horizontalpartitionwall隔斷墻verticalpartitionwall檻墻sillwall樨頭gablewallhead挑檐石ca

12、ntileverstoneoneave五花山墻steppedgablewall拔磉corbel，hangingover疊澀corbel，hangingover宋代術(shù)語角柱石cornerpier階條石rectangularstoneslab壓闌石rectangularstoneslab宋代術(shù)語臺階steps踏道steps宋代術(shù)語踏垛step踏step宋代術(shù)語斗板石intermediatepier垂帶droopingbeltstone副子droopingbeltstone宋代術(shù)語象眼triangularspace御路yulu，imperialpath羌差ramp須彌座xumizuo圭角guijia

13、o上枋upperfilletandfascia下枋lowerfilletandfascia上裊uppercyma，recta下裊lowercyma，reversa束腰suyao鉤欄balustrade宋代術(shù)語單鉤欄singlefriezebalustrade宋代術(shù)語垂臺鉤欄doublefriezebalustrade望柱baluster望柱頭balustercapital欄版friezepanel華版friezepanel地伏plinthstone尋杖handrail宋代術(shù)語柱頂石capitalstone柱礎(chǔ)columnbase躓zhi碑碣stonetablet*屃bixi，stoneturt

14、le宋及宋前術(shù)語趺fu，stoneturtle清代術(shù)語石像生stoneanimal石人stonehumanstatue筒瓦roundtile板瓦flattile青瓦blacktile脊瓦ridgetile琉璃瓦glazedrooftile勾頭eavetile滴水driptile瓦當(dāng)tileend，eavetilewithpattern正吻zhengwen鴟尾chiwei宋及宋前術(shù)語正脊mainridge垂脊diagonalridgeforhiproof，verticalridgeforgableroof戧脊diagonalridgeforgableandhiproof博脊horizontalridgeforgableandhiproof仙人celestialbeing走獸animal磚雕brickcarving彩畫coloredpattern，coloreddrawing蘇式彩畫Suzhous