新概念英語第二冊lesson53

1、v1.0可編輯可修改 Lesson 53 Hot snake【New words and expressions 生詞和短語（13）hot adj. 帶電的，充電的 fireman n.消防隊員cause v. 引起；n.原因examine v.檢查accidentally adv.意外地，偶然地remains n.尸體，殘骸wire n.電線volt n.伏特（電壓單位）power line電力線solve v.解決mystery n.謎（無法接受地，解釋不了的）snatch v.抓住spark n.電火花 hot adj.帶電的，充電的 hotter-hottesthot adj.熱的（c

2、old） ; hot water; hot weather,炎熱的天氣a hot day ; Strike while the iron ishot.趁熱打鐵Hot 炎熱的 warm溫暖的 cool 涼爽的 chilly 寒冷的 cold 嚴(yán)寒的帶電的，充電的辣的。The papper is very hot.強(qiáng)烈的 have a hot temper; a hot debate激烈的辯論 get hot on rock music熱衷于搖滾最新的hot news on sth. Magazine hot from the press剛出版的雜志惹上麻煩=get/run into troubl

3、eBe hot on sb. 迷戀某人，愛慕某人 be in hot watera hot potato棘手的問題get hot under the collar勃然大怒h(huán)ot-hot-hot麻辣燙；hot-wings 辣雞翅；hot dog 熱狗hot-tempered火暴（脾氣）的 t temper n. 脾氣） hot line 熱線；hot topic 熱門話題表示一個東西的暢銷，熱銷hot cake 熱蛋糕 It sells like a hot cake/cakes.fireman n.消防隊員復(fù)合名詞：fireplace 壁爐；firework 煙火；fire-fighter 消

4、防隊員（尤其護(hù)林的）；firehouse 消防站hydrant n. 消防栓，消防龍頭fire extinguisher滅火器（extinguisher n. 熄滅者, 滅火器）extinguish = put out 滅火cause v.& n.引起；原因v.引起cause sth. 弓 I起麻煩 Carelessness causes accidents. 粗心導(dǎo)致事故 Pride causes failure.驕傲使人失敗cause sb. to do sth.引起某人做某事，導(dǎo)致某人做某事Illness caused him to lose his temper. （lose one

5、s temper 發(fā)火）A cause B=A lead to B=B result from A=A result in B=A bring about Bn.原因，強(qiáng)調(diào)事情發(fā)生的直接原因（一個）find out the causebecause因為reason 理由，其他各種的理由（很多個）examine v.檢查仔細(xì)觀察，調(diào)查examine the soil the firefighter examined every inch of the forest.V.診查。The doctor examine the patient; 考試 examine students in englis

6、h;examiner 主考人 examinee 應(yīng)考人 Exam=examination accidentally adv.意外地，偶然地（但更趨向于“偶然”的意思）accident accidental accidentally反義詞：intentional an accidental death.accident n. 事故 a car accident=a road N. 機(jī)遇，造化 by chance=by accident=accidentally i found a gold mine by chance.unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地（更趨向于意外的意思） rema

7、ins （復(fù)數(shù)形式） n.尸體，殘骸 remains 指 dead bodyN.剩余物，殘余物 the remains of a meal 剩飯N遺址 the remains of Yuanmingyuan.木已成Remain v.留下，剩下，遺留。 If you take 3 from 5, 2 remains. What s done is done.舟。V.保持不變，仍是。 He remains silent.Wire.電線，金屬線 Telephone wires 電話線 wireless adj. 無線的電報 send a wire打電報 receive a wire 接電報Be on

8、 wires=be all on wires 興奮，坐立不安 under the wires勉強(qiáng)來得及Volt n.伏特 voltage n. 電壓，伏特數(shù)Power linePower 電力，動力 electric power電力 water power水力能力 brain power 腦力the power of hearing權(quán)力，支配力，勢力 political power 政治權(quán)力Not within one s power=beyond one s power 力所不能及Come to power=come into power掌權(quán)，得勢solve v.解決Solve a ques

9、tion回答問題solve a problem解決問題solve a crime 破案 solve the mystery揭開謎底We must solve the economic crisis.經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)Solution n. 解決，解答 a solution for a trouble=a solution to trouble紛爭的解決Mystery神秘的事物，不可解釋的事物；秘密The mystery of life 生命的奧秘 an air of mystery 神秘的氣氛The murder is wrapped in mystery.那件謀殺案籠罩著神秘的氣氛Riddle謎語，謎

10、一般的東西或者人Puzzle難題，用以測試人的知識、智力、技巧等snatch v.抓住，搶，奪（迅速而有力地粗魯?shù)刈プ?，?qiáng)調(diào)動作的突然性搶）snatch a chance 抓住機(jī)會 snatch up 抓起來v.（ 趁機(jī)）迅速取得，急急忙忙吃晚飯 snatch a sleep on a busy day snatch a kiss出其不意地catch v. 抓，如抓魚Grab 抓，搶，搶奪（熱情而拼命地抓?。ゞrab sth. from sb. Grab sth from sth.Grasp v. 抓住或咬住，抓緊 grasp a chance v. 掌握 grasp a language掌握

11、一門語言hold v. 握著 take hold of=catch hold of=get hold of抓住seize v.抓?。ㄓ昧Γ?seize my armSpark n.火花，火星，電火花 a shower of spark如陣雨般的火花A bright spark活潑而聰明的年輕人a bright apple =a wise apple驕傲的年輕人Text At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. Since then, they have been trying to find out howthe

12、 fire began. Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which peoplecarelessly throw away. Yesterday the firemen examined the ground carefully, but were not ableto find any broken glass. They were also quite sure that acigarette end did not startthe fire.This morning, however

13、, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause. He noticed the remains ofa snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line. In this way, hewas able to solve the mystery. The explanation was simple but very unusual. A bird had snatchedup the snake from the ground and then dr

14、opped it on to the wires. The snake then wound itselfround the wires. Whenit did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediatelystarteda fire.消防隊員們終于撲滅了加利福尼亞的一場森林大火.從那時起，他們一直試圖找出起火的原因.森林火災(zāi)時常由破碎的玻璃或人們隨手扔掉的香煙頭引起.昨天，消防隊員仔細(xì)查看了地面，但未能發(fā)現(xiàn)碎玻璃.他們還十分肯定火災(zāi)也不是由煙頭引起的 .然而今天上午，一個消防隊員偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了起火的原因.他發(fā)現(xiàn)了纏繞在16,

15、 000伏高壓線上的一條死蛇.就這樣，他解開了起火之謎.解釋很簡單，卻異乎尋常 一只鳥把蛇從地上抓起來，然后把它扔到了電線上.于是蛇就纏住了幾根電線.當(dāng)它這樣做時，把火花送到了地面，這些火花立刻引起了一場大火【課文講解】1、Hot snakehot snake 觸電的蛇 get a electric shock觸電2、At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California. California,又名 Golden State黃金州at last 最后，終于put out a fire 撲滅火（put out 撲滅，熄滅，關(guān)掉）

16、 Please put the light/fire out. a fire一場（堆）火3、Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began . 賓語從句 since then 從那時起，到現(xiàn)在為止find out （經(jīng)過研究、努力等）找出，發(fā)現(xiàn)，查出（這里 find out的賓語是個從句）I ll try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.Forest fires are often caused by broken g

17、lass or by cigarette endswhich people carelesslythrow away.broken glass 被打碎的玻璃片a broken heart 失意 a broken promise 爽約 a broken home 破裂的家庭cigarette ends 煙頭 come to an end 結(jié)束， 完畢。 The meeting came to an end at mid night.Make both ends meet量入為出，使收支相抵Throw away 扔掉 throw to 向扔過去 throw at 向砸過去（不友好）throw at

18、 the windowThey were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.be able to 能夠；be not able to 沒有能夠be sure that對很有把握；quite sure 相當(dāng)?shù)陌盐招詒ather adv.相當(dāng)fairly adv. 相當(dāng)，公正地，誠實地quite（ = completely） rather fairly程度一個比一個輕quite a few頗有幾個（相當(dāng)多的）quite事實上， 非常 it was quite a bargain.頗為， 相當(dāng)?shù)?she is a

19、quite good actress.start a fire = cause a fire （start vt. 使發(fā)生，弓I起）Start in doing sth尸start on doing sth.著手做某事Start to do sth=start doing sth.開始做某事6、This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.accidentally =by chance 偶然地discover本身含有偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)（某個已經(jīng)存在的東西）的含義I don t know who discovered

20、America.Cause和reason都既可以作名詞有可以作動詞Cause表示某事發(fā)生的直接原因，即起因 vt . 導(dǎo)致，引起reason指解釋某事為什么發(fā)生的理由或借口，不一定是起因，多用于人的行為vt/vi. 評理，勸說 （常與 with,into,out of 連用）i reasoned with him for hours. 勸說某 人Reason sb into doing sth.=talk sb into doing sth勸說某人做某事Out of （doing） sth.= out of （doing） sth.7、He noticed the remains of a s

21、nake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.notice注意別人沒注意的東西定語從句the remains 表示“尸體，殘骸”，必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式：The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake.16,000-volt power line 連字符-一旦加在兩個詞之間，這個詞之間就失去了加復(fù)數(shù)的資格，能夠加連字符的概念一定是做定語wind vt.纏繞，卷在上；盤旋，蜿蜒vt. 纏繞，卷在上

22、（常與 around/round 連用） wind the clock給鬧鐘上弦Did you wind this piece of wire round the treev1.0可編輯可修改vt. 蜿蜒，盤旋 wind ones way蜿蜒而行8、In this way, he was able to solve the mystery. in this way 就這樣 solve the mystery揭開謎底A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.had do

23、ne先發(fā)生的事Snatch up sth from the ground從地上抓起來drop無意掉下去的 Drop vt/viFall 不及物 the book fell from the table to the floor. Prices fell = prices dropped價格跌下去When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire. do so 這么做 I refuse to do so.我拒絕這么做so常用于一些動詞之后，代指前面提過的某個動作/某件事，以免

24、重復(fù)I think/believe so.【Key structures一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時一般過去時通常與一個表示確切的時間的狀語連用，過去某個時間發(fā)生的某個動作或處于的狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時則有時與表示一段時間的狀語連用，有時不需要時間狀語，過去某一動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時則有時與表示一段時間的狀語連用，有時與all+表示時間的名詞連用?，F(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時中既可以用狀態(tài)動詞（表示存在、擁有、感情、思想、需求等的動詞）也可以用行為動詞，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時則通常與行為動詞連用。一直進(jìn)行著，一直發(fā)生著Have put; have been trying ; examined;

25、 were not; wereSpecial DifficultiesThrow to , Throw at and Throw awaythrow作及物動詞主要含義為“投，擲，拋，扔” 。throw to （sb.） 扔給（某人） 7v1.0可編輯可修改 He threw the ball to me and I caught it.throw at 對準(zhǔn)某一目標(biāo)扔The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it.throw away 扔掉，丟棄Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.C

26、ause and Reasoncause n. 原因，起因； Do you know the cause of the war What was the cause of the delay v. 使產(chǎn)生 / 發(fā)生，弓I起 cause sth. 導(dǎo)致，弓I起What caused the accidentcause sb. to do sth.導(dǎo)致某人做某事reason n. 理由，原因 Give me your reasons for going there.作原因講時，reason與cause可以互換，但reason與介詞for連用；而cause則與介詞of連用。reason 后面通常跟

27、why 弓 I 導(dǎo)的從句：That was the reason why the meeting was put off.v.推理，勸導(dǎo)，說服reason with sb. 勸說（以道理） How can you reason with him when he is so worriedDrop and Falldrop vi.&vt. （使）掉下，（使）落下，放下（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是不小心掉下來）As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it.The waiter dropped a fork.fall vi. 落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔

28、倒（強(qiáng)調(diào)的是掉下來的概念，動作）I fell and hurt myself.Lesson 53c根據(jù)課文第二行they have been trying to find out how the fire began可以判斷出只有c. wanted to find out what had caused the fire最能說明消防隊員仔細(xì)查看地面的原因，其他 3個選擇都不夠全面。d根據(jù)課文第 10-12 行 A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped iton to the wires Whenit I

29、did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire 可以判斷只有 d. a snake which had been dropped on to the wires by a bird與課文的實際內(nèi)容相符，只有它是引起火災(zāi)的原因，其他 3個選擇都不符合課文的實際內(nèi)容。a 只有a. since 最合乎題目意思和語法。因為本句是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時，只有 since引導(dǎo)的時間短語 最適合于完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)，表示“自從以來”，所以應(yīng)該選a.其他3個選擇都不能引導(dǎo)合適的時間短語。c本句表示時間的詞是 often, 表示經(jīng)常性的動作，因此應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。 a. is causing 是進(jìn)行時，b. has caused是完成時，d. is caused by是現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)，而本句需要主動語態(tài)。 只有c. causes 是一般現(xiàn)在時，第 3人稱單數(shù)形式，本句的主語 Broken glass 是單數(shù)，所以c.最符合語法，所以選 c.c a. almost certain（幾乎肯定 ）, b. fairly certain（ 相當(dāng)肯定