賓語從句 課件-初高銜接英語

1、賓語從句Leading-in賓語從句：在句子中充當(dāng)賓語的從句。He knew that he should study hard.I doubt if/ whether he will succeed.Kate is interested in what she has seen at the exhibition.We didnt know when she would come back.Leading-in連接詞：連接主句和賓語從句的詞。從屬連詞：that, whether, if. That 在賓語從句中不作成分，無實義，一般情況下可以省略。Whether, if 在賓語從句中也不作成

2、分，但有實義，翻譯為“是否”，所以不能省略。連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever。連接代詞在賓語從句中作主語，賓語和定語，有實義，不可省。連接副詞：when, where, how, why, wherever, whenever, however。連接副詞在賓語從句中作狀語，有實義，不可省。賓語從句的語序賓語從句語序用陳述語序，即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分”。He knew (that) he should study hard.Can you tell me which class are yo

3、u in? He asked me if he could come in. 賓語從句的語序賓語從句語序用陳述語序，即“連接詞+主語+謂語+其他成分”。He knew (that) he should study hard.Can you tell me which class you are in?He asked me if he could come in. 賓語從句的語序陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要注意人稱和時態(tài)的變化，語序不變。She said: “I will leave a message on the desk.”She said (that) she would leave a

4、message on the desk.賓語從句的語序一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句時, ?“Are you a student?” I asked him.I asked him?“Where are the tickets?” I asked him.I asked him?賓語從句的語序一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句時，要注意人稱、時態(tài)和語序的變化?！癆re you a student?” I asked him.I asked him if/ whether he was a student. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him.I ask

5、ed him where the tickets were.賓語從句的連接詞從屬連詞that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，that 一般情況下可以省略。I think (that) he is right.I know (that) he has returned.賓語從句的連接詞 賓語從句中不可省略that 的情況：1) 動詞帶有多個并列的that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，除了第一個that 以外，其他的that 均不可省略。He said (that) he couldnt tell you right away and that you wouldnt understand.賓語從句的連接詞 賓語從句中不

6、可省略that 的情況：2) that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句作介詞賓語時，that 不能省略。I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.賓語從句的連接詞 賓語從句中不可省略that 的情況：3) that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中還有復(fù)合句時。I think that if you have lost the library book, you must pay for it.賓語從句的連接詞 賓語從句中不可省略that 的情況：4) 賓語從句的主語是this, that 或有this, that 修飾時Some people thi

7、nk that this part of Scotland with its lakes and mountains is more beautiful than the West of England.賓語從句的連接詞 賓語從句中不可省略that 的情況：5)主句中的謂語動詞是explain, agree等詞時He explained that it had been a difficult film to make.Most people nowadays agree that a good pub is one of our best traditions.賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞if

8、, whether 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句：I doubt if/ whether he will succeed.I dont know if/ whether you can help me.一般情況下，whether 和if 可以互換賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞whether 和if 不可以互換的情況：1)連接詞與動詞不定式或or not 連用時，一般用 whether，不用if。He hasnt decided whether to visit the old man.I wonder whether it is true or not.賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞whether 和if 不可以互

9、換的情況：2)介詞后的賓語從句一般用whether，不用if。We are talking about whether well have a picnic.The teacher worried about whether she had hurt the girls feelings.I am not interested in whether they believe in me or not.賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞whether 和if 不可以互換的情況：3)在容易產(chǎn)生歧義的句子中，常用whether不用if。翻譯句子：請讓我知道你是否想去。賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞whether

10、 和if 不可以互換的情況：3)在容易產(chǎn)生歧義的句子中，常用whether不用if。Please let me know whether you want to go. 請讓我知道你是否想去。Please let me know if you want to go. 請讓我知道你是否想去。/如果你想去的話，請讓我知道。賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞whether 和if 不可以互換的情況：4)有些動詞如discuss, decide后的賓語從句常用whether不用if。The old lady hasnt decided whether she will live with her daught

11、er in the city.Were now discussing whether we should cooperate with these three companies.賓語從句的連接詞 從屬連詞whether 和if 不可以互換的情況：5)賓語從句置于句首時，一般用whether不用if。Whether they will join in the Winter Camp, I dont care.賓語從句的連接詞請找出下面句子中的賓語從句，并分析標(biāo)紅單詞在賓語從句中所作的成分。I dont know who will pick me up.Kate is interested in

12、 what she has seen at the exhibition.I have three cars, and you may have whichever you like.I dont know whose watch it is.賓語從句的連接詞連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在賓語從句中作主語，賓語和定語，有實義，不可省。I dont know who will pick me up. （作主語）Kate is interested in what she has see

13、n at the exhibition. （作賓語）I have three cars, and you may have whichever you like. （作賓語）I dont know whose watch it is. （作定語）賓語從句的連接詞連接副詞when, where, how, why, wherever, whenever, however引導(dǎo)賓語從句，在賓語從句中作狀語，有實義，不可省。請分析以下句子的成分，并翻譯：I will tell you why I asked you to come.We didnt know when she would come b

14、ack.Can you tell me how I can get to the post office?賓語從句的時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)常常受到主句的時態(tài)的影響，因而在使用時要注意主句與從句兩部分時態(tài)要保持一致。賓語從句的時態(tài)1) 主句如果是現(xiàn)在時或?qū)頃r，從句可用除過去完成時、過去完成進(jìn)行時以外的任何所需要的時態(tài)。I know you dont know what I think at all.I know he didnt tell you that he would come then.I will let you know whether I will come or not direc

15、tly I check my schedule. You are telling me that you wont stop until tomorrow.賓語從句的時態(tài)2) 主句如果是過去時態(tài)，從句一般要用過去的某種時態(tài)。They asked what Jean was doing then.Linda said that the train had left.賓語從句的時態(tài)3) 賓語從句表示客觀事實和真理時，無論主句使用何種時態(tài)，從句都用一般現(xiàn)在時。The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.He told us his sister is ten years o