福建專用2022年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)專題六定語從句課件北師大版

1、專題六定語從句-2-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法考法1考查限制性定語從句中關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的用法(1)高考?？嫉年P(guān)系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose等;?？嫉年P(guān)系副詞有where,when,why等,在從句中做狀語(做時間狀語用when;做地點狀語用where;做原因狀語用why)。選擇定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞主要看引導(dǎo)詞在從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?3-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法【典型例題1】When I arrived,Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.解析:句意:當(dāng)我到達(dá)的時候,布萊恩帶我去看了我將要住的房子。stay為不及物動詞,

2、先行詞為house,指地點,關(guān)系詞在從句中做地點狀語,故此處用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)該定語從句?？挤偨Y(jié)設(shè)空處無提示詞,且設(shè)空處前的主句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,考慮設(shè)空處填連詞或是從句引導(dǎo)詞;進(jìn)一步分析可知,設(shè)空后的句子不完整,且對the house起限定作用,因此判斷設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。-4-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法【典型例題2】(2016北京卷改編)I live next door to a couplechildren often make a lot of noise.解析:couple為先行詞,故此處用whose表示所屬關(guān)系。 考法總結(jié)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞為a couple,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:

3、the couples children often make a lot of noise,由此可見,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中做定語。故答案為whose。-5-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法(2)考生應(yīng)注意限制性定語從句中關(guān)系代詞that與which的區(qū)別:引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞,且指物時要用which;先行詞是all等不定代詞或由序數(shù)詞、最高級修飾時要用that?！镜湫屠}3】(2019江蘇卷,單項填空)We have entered into an age dreams have the best chance of coming true.解析:句意:我們已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到一個夢想最有可能實現(xiàn)的時代。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)

4、空處引導(dǎo)定語從句,先行詞是age,關(guān)系詞在從句中做時間狀語,故此處用關(guān)系副詞when引導(dǎo)該定語從句?？挤偨Y(jié)設(shè)空處無提示詞,且設(shè)空處前的主句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,考慮設(shè)空處填連詞或是從句引導(dǎo)詞;進(jìn)一步分析可知,設(shè)空后句子缺少狀語,且對age起限定作用,由此可知設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語從句。-6-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法考法2考查非限制性定語從句中關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的用法高考中最?？疾榈姆窍拗菩远ㄕZ從句引導(dǎo)詞是which或who?？忌鷳?yīng)注意:(1)關(guān)系代詞that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。(2)關(guān)系代詞as與which的用法區(qū)別:as和which都可指整個主句,但as常譯為“正如,正像”,which常譯為“這一點”。(3)考

5、生也應(yīng)掌握where等引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的用法?！镜湫屠}4】(2019全國卷,語篇填空)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, she opened with her late husband Les.解析:先行詞是the pet shop,關(guān)系詞在非限制性定語從句中做動詞opened的賓語,所以填which。考法總結(jié)看到逗號,可以確定是非限制性定語從句,因此不可以用that。-7-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法【典型例題5】I borrowed the book Sherlock

6、Holmes from the library last week, my classmates recommended to me.解析:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句。先行詞是the book Sherlock Holmes,需用關(guān)系代詞指代物,在定語從句中做recommended的賓語。故填which。考法總結(jié)看到逗號,考慮設(shè)空處需填并列連詞或此部分是非限制性定語從句;進(jìn)一步分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷出主句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,而設(shè)空后的句子不完整,再根據(jù)句意判斷,設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句,指代the book,故只能填which。-8-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法考法3考查“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的

7、定語從句高考對“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的定語從句的考查集中在介詞或是關(guān)系代詞的選擇上:(1)選擇介詞時,主要看與先行詞、從句中謂語動詞或形容詞的搭配。(2)選擇關(guān)系代詞時,先行詞是物,則只能用which;先行詞是人,則只能用whom。-9-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法【典型例題6】(2015浙江卷改編)Creating an atmosphere in employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.解析:句意:創(chuàng)造出讓員工把自己看作團(tuán)隊一員的一種氛圍是一項極大的挑戰(zhàn)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞是atmosphere,定語從句中缺少地點狀語,且設(shè)空處前已有介詞

8、in,故只能填which?？挤偨Y(jié)引導(dǎo)詞前有介詞通常用whom或which做關(guān)系代詞,本題中關(guān)系詞指代物,由此判斷只能用which。-10-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法考法1識別定語從句含有定語從句的復(fù)合句的主句部分結(jié)構(gòu)完整,從句僅對主句中的某個詞或主句起限定作用;定語從句常跟在被修飾詞之后,有時可能被其他成分將其與被修飾詞隔開。考法2分析先行詞,確定引導(dǎo)詞首先確定先行詞,然后分析引導(dǎo)詞在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分:做主語用who/that/which/as;做賓語用who/whom/which/that/as;做表語用that/as;做定語用whose;做狀語用when/where/why;做介詞賓語則用whi

9、ch/whom。另外,考生應(yīng)考慮特殊情況:比如只用that的情況,只用which的情況,as引導(dǎo)的定語從句等。-11-基礎(chǔ)考法能力考法【典型例題】(2016浙江卷改編)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears,none of has been proved.解析:設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)一個非限制性定語從句,且在從句中做介詞of的賓語,故用關(guān)系代詞which。考法總結(jié)分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,先行詞為theories,將先行詞代入定語從句后為:None of the theories has been proved

10、.由此可見先行詞(指“物”)在定語從句中做介詞of的賓語,且介詞of已被提前。-12-.單句語法填空1.(2019全國卷,語篇填空)They were well trained by their mastershad great experience with caring for these animals.2.(2019天津卷,單項填空)Their child is at the stage she can say individual words but not full sentences.3.(2019江蘇卷,單項填空)We have entered into an age drea

11、ms have the best chance of coming true.4.(2019廣東深圳高級中學(xué)模擬)In a culture people function according to ritual,music is used to help govern them.5.(2019河北邢臺模擬)The best part about being a doctor for the emergency department is that moment you know the patient can be saved.who where when where when -13-6.T

12、he new program is really a big step up from everything else weve seen.7.There is a phrase describes the noodle-making process:“One noodle in the boiling water,one flying in the air,and one just being cut.”8.In their class there are altogether 54 students,half of wear glasses.9.What defines a healthy

13、 city? Is it a place with a lot of open spaces people can exercise and enjoy the fresh air?10.From his travelling diary,we all know that there is such a beautiful place he has described to us.that that/which whom where as -14-1.(2019全國卷,短文改錯)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the histori

14、cal environment what is created for them.2.(2019河南中原名校質(zhì)量考評)We agreed that it would be decided by my dad,whom didnt return home from work.whatthat/which whomwho 3.(2019遼寧葫蘆島協(xié)作校聯(lián)考)My father,a scientist,works to save rare birds,some of that are really clever and can even say some words.thatwhich/whom 4

15、.(2020全國卷,短文改錯)Thank you for your letter,what really made me happy.whatwhich -15-5.(2019廣東 “六校聯(lián)盟”聯(lián)考)Being afraid of expressing myself was one of the reasons when I rarely did well in school.6.The author is going to talk about the countries and people who he has visited.whenwhywhothat7.Friday was Lau

16、ndry Day,on that Kerry felt annoyed.8.I dont want to hear any reason why you might give.9.Please help me to reserve a room which windows face the sea.thatwhichwhythat/whichwhichwhose-16-10.Surprisingly,I was given the silver medal,that increased my confidence.thatwhich-17-The British have many tradi

17、tions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea.We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea,1. more than 160 million cups drunk every day,but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea drinking into 2. popular pastime.This sociable feast involve

18、s drinking good quality tea 3. (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) at nice sandwiches,scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes.And,of course,it can only happen in the afternoon!Afternoon tea,which 4.(design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner,dates back to the 1840s.It went on to become a 5. (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes.with a comfortably was designedfashionable -18