新東新概念3筆記

1、Lesson01 APumaatlarge 逃遁的美洲獅New words and expression 生詞和短語學(xué)習(xí)詞匯時(shí)僅知道漢語語義是不夠的，要把單詞放在語句中體會(huì)其應(yīng)用學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)鍵句結(jié)構(gòu)是則要把它放在段落結(jié)構(gòu)或文章里puma spot v.看出, 發(fā)現(xiàn)= see, pickout, recognize, catch sightof 強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果, 辨別出, 看見, 識(shí)別, 發(fā)現(xiàn)- Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.- Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.同義詞：- find：強(qiáng)調(diào)發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)果 / findout：查出事實(shí)真相- disco

2、ver：做出重大發(fā)現(xiàn) / notice：注意到- observe：觀察 / watch：觀察活動(dòng)中的人或畫面- Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.onthespot有兩個(gè)含義：1 立刻, 馬上（atonce, immediately）- Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.2 attheplaceoftheaction 在現(xiàn)場- Whereversheisneeded, sheisquicklyonthespot.Evidence n.證據(jù)（不可數(shù)名詞）Evident adj.明顯的, 顯然的 / evide

3、ntly adv.明顯地, 顯然Evidence = proof (n.證據(jù))- Whenthepolicearrived, hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.inevidence 顯而易見的- Hewasinevidenceattheparty.Accumulate v.積累, 積聚（強(qiáng)調(diào)積累的過程）- Astheevidenceaccumulates, expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate.Gather vt.聚集, 把某人召集在某處- The teacher gathered his students in t

4、he classCollect vt.搜集, 采集 - Do you collect stamps? Yes, I collect stamps as my hobby.（n.業(yè)余愛好）Assemble v.集合, 集會(huì) / 裝配- A large number of people assemble on the square.Hoard vt.大量的儲(chǔ)存 （- hoardup = storeup 儲(chǔ)藏）- Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter （squirrel n.松鼠）（nut n.堅(jiān)果）amass vt.積聚（主要用于詩歌和文學(xué)作品）- The

5、 clouds amassed above the hillsOblige 感到必須feelobligedtodosth 感覺有必要做某事- I feel obliged to say no to his demand（n.要求, 需要）beobligedtodosth 被迫做某事- They were obliged to sell their car to pay their debts off.（debt n.債務(wù)）.追獵, 尋找 （huntfor）- The experts from London zoo began to hunt (v.) for a puma.- The hunt

6、 (n.) for the puma proved the difficult. （prove vt.證明, 證實(shí)）search 搜尋某處為了尋找到某人或某物- The police were searching the forest for the missing boy.runafter 強(qiáng)調(diào)追趕, 追求 - look, a dog is running after a cat- what are you run after in your lifeseek = pursue v.追尋(理想)chase v.追趕 （- They are chasing a thief / They are

7、 running after a thief）blackberry n.黑莓 / berry n.漿果humanbeing 人類corner v.使走投無路, 使陷入困境 作為動(dòng)詞, 經(jīng)常使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)- Thethiefwascorneredatlast - Theproblemcorneredme.corner n.角落 - atthecornerofthestreet - inthecorneroftheroom - onthecornerofthedeskTrail n.一串, 一系列 trail vt. 跟蹤, 追蹤（= follow）- Thepolicetrailedthecrim

8、inaltotheplacewherehewashiding （criminal n.罪犯）Print Cling v.粘 （clung, clung, clinging）- Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother. - Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed. 他懷有成功的希望stick v.粘住 （- stick the envelop）n.信封 stickto堅(jiān)持 （- stick to the plan / stick to ones promise）n.許諾 sticky adj.粘的 （- sticky fingers）convi

9、nce 信服1convincesb ofsth - I convince him of my honesty.（n.誠實(shí), 正直） 我使他相信我的誠實(shí)。2 beconvinced that - I am convinced that she is honest girl.（adj.誠實(shí)的, 正直的） somehow adv.不知怎么搞地, 不知什么原因= bysomemeans, insomeway, forsomereasonunknown- Ill get the book back somehow. 無論如何我要把這本書取回來。- I got lost somehow 不知怎么搞地, 我

10、迷失了。Somewhat adv.稍微, 有點(diǎn), 有些 （= alittle）- The price is somewhat higher than I expect.（high adj.高的）disturb surprising adj.令人驚訝的 / surprised adj.感到驚訝的wild adj.野性的, 野生的investigate v.調(diào)查, 研究description n.描寫, 描述extraordinarily adv.特別地，非常地，格外similar adj.相似的, 類似的attack vt.攻擊difficult adj.困難的, 艱難的 difficulty

11、n.困難, 難點(diǎn)rabbit n.兔, 野兔paw n.手掌, 手爪fur n.毛皮, 毛, 軟毛bush n.矮樹叢fully adv.充分地, 完全地collector n.收藏家, 征收者Text 課文atlarge 逃遁的, 沒有被控制的 - The thief is still at largeat large 詳細(xì)地（= indetail）n.細(xì)節(jié), 詳情 - I need talk to you at largeat large 總體來講（= asawhole）- The students at large are hungry for English. （hungry adj.

12、饑餓的, 渴望的）Wheremustthepumahavecomefrom?Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.在英文的表達(dá)方式中，首先呈現(xiàn)給讀者的是結(jié)果（和中文不同）英文擅長用長句，中文擅長用短句。- Pandasarelargecat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAsia. （panda n.熊貓）cat-like 貓一樣的, 偷偷摸摸的 / dog-like 狗一樣的 / life-like 栩栩如生的WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeen

13、spottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.一般來講定語從句和同位語從句緊隨在被修飾名詞的后面，但為了保持句子平衡，也可以把謂語動(dòng)詞放到從句之前1 定語從句只是對(duì)于被修飾詞的補(bǔ)充說明、修飾- 定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：- 指人：主語who；賓語who, whom；定語whose- 指物：that（也可以指人）/ which- 時(shí)間狀語：when / 地點(diǎn)狀語：where / 原因狀語：why2 同位語從句則是講述被修飾名詞的內(nèi)容- 同位語從句的引導(dǎo)詞：- 名詞(做主語、賓語等)：關(guān)系詞用that而不是which- 時(shí)間：w

14、hen；地點(diǎn)：where- 定語從句中沒有what這個(gè)關(guān)系詞，但what可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句- Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.- Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim。theywerenottakenseriously（they指代reports）takesth seriously = dealwithsth seriously 認(rèn)真地對(duì)待某事- I always take your suggestions seriously.takesth lightly 草率地對(duì)待某事 （lightly

15、 adv.輕率地）- Dont take the hot potato lightly （hot potato n.棘手的問題）However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate, forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.However adv.然而(起轉(zhuǎn)折作用) As 連詞：隨著, 當(dāng).之時(shí)過去分詞做定語：- the descriptions given

16、by people- the story told by the sailor (n.海員, 水手, 船員)- a book written by Luxunclaimtohavedonesth 聲稱曾經(jīng)做過某事- He claimed to have been the manager of the large shop.Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessawalargecatonlyfiveyardsawayfromher.Where a woman picking 定語從句- Istill

17、remembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.Confirm = besure = becertain (confirm vt.確定)Unless it is cornered = if it is not cornered (unless conj.如果不, 除非)- He will accept the job unless the salary is t

18、oo low.Thesearchproveddifficult,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.search = huntWhereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.把某物留在后面：leavebehind- Wherever he went, the wound left behind him a trail of blood.（n.血）Paw

19、printswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.英文表達(dá)方式習(xí)慣用被動(dòng)語態(tài), 突出客觀事實(shí)。而中文則善于運(yùn)用動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。pumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes. （被動(dòng)） We found the puma fur clinging to bushes. （主動(dòng)）- clinging to bushes是現(xiàn)在分詞短語做賓補(bǔ)Severalpeoplecomplainedofcat-plainof/aboutsth 抱怨某事on+名詞：強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行- ontherise 在上升 / o

20、ntheincrease 在增加- onthewatch 在觀看 / onthematch 在比賽中- onthefishingtrip 在釣魚的途中 / onholiday 在度假Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?Fully（adv.充分地, 完全地）= completely = entirely Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofa

21、privatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.sth be inthepossessionofsb = sth be insbspossession 某物歸某人所有(主語是物)- Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession.= The beautiful car is inthepossessionofme.Sb be inpossessionofsth 某人擁有某物(主語是人)- Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.（in possession of 做表語）- Thepersoninpossession

22、ofthebighouseisexcited. （in possession of 做定語）takepossessionof 擁有Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.Went on = lasted （last vi.繼續(xù), 持續(xù)）Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.Itisdisturbingtothinkthat. 一想到就心理不安- Itisdisturbingtothinkthat I fail

23、 my examinationinthequietcountryside 在寧靜的山村Special difficulties 難點(diǎn)ExercisesA1.at/for 2.to 3.to 4.in 5.onExercisesB1.Heisthemanwehaveheardaboutsomuch.2.Theshelfyouputthosebooksonhascollapsed.（vi.倒塌, 崩潰, 瓦解）3.Whomdidyoureceivealetterfrom?特殊疑問句中whom不能省略（本句）。定語從句中Which以及指代人的做賓語的Whom, 在非正式用法當(dāng)中可以省略。省略時(shí)，介詞

24、不能前置到關(guān)系代詞Whom, Which前，只能用于非固定的動(dòng)詞短語后面。固定的動(dòng)詞短語lookfor：尋找（去掉for后look沒有尋找的意思，所以介詞for不能前置）非固定的動(dòng)詞短語lookat：注視livein：居?。ㄈサ鬷n后live仍有居住的意思，所以介詞in可以前置）Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived. = Thisistheoldhousehelivedin.4.Thisistheroadwecameby?5.Whereisthepencilyouwereplayingwith?Multiple choice questions 多項(xiàng)選擇1 正確答案：

25、D in common adv.共有 （替換了similar）2 正確答案：BA）只是一個(gè)具體的特定的事列，閱讀理解題的時(shí)候要把握中心大意 B）largecatpersuade v.說服, 勸說3 答案正確：C做理解題時(shí)要緊扣主題、緊扣中心大意。文章最后一句話總結(jié)了大意句型結(jié)構(gòu)題和詞匯題是每課的關(guān)鍵4 答案正確：C Make的用法：makesomebodydo（在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中不定式的符號(hào)to應(yīng)該省略）bemadetodo（被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不定式的符號(hào)to必須補(bǔ)充完整）- They made her wait for hours. She was made to wait for hours.5 答案正

26、確： DA）把say改成claim就對(duì)了 （- Peopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.）D）清楚的道明了動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系6 正確答案：B原句中的when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句表示：.就（assoonas）被動(dòng)：On being observed, it immediately ran away.主動(dòng)：Onobservingher, itimmediatelyranaway.On seeing me, he waved to me.7 正確答案：Dexcept可以和名詞/名詞性從句進(jìn)行搭配（也可是when/if引導(dǎo)的從句形式）unless = if.not = except

27、ontheconditionthatwhen = if- except when they are cornered. = except if they are cornered.- Whenever you come, you are welcome. = If ever you come, you are welcome.8 正確答案：DA）mustbe只是對(duì)客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)的推測，時(shí)態(tài)不一致- 對(duì)于過去事實(shí)推測一定要用：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have +過去分詞9 正確答案：Conmorethan = nothing more than = only / within = notmorethan10 正確

28、答案：Binacorner 偷偷摸摸地, 暗中地, 秘密地inatrap 落于陷阱中at an angle 不正的, 傾斜的（angle n.角, 角度, 角落, 墻角, 棱角）under cover 在遮蔽處, 秘密地, 暗中11. 正確答案：Bfishesforpleasure 釣魚消遣 travel for pleasure 外出游玩 read for pleasure 閱讀消遣12 on ones own adv.獨(dú)自地, 獨(dú)立地, 主動(dòng)地 （= alone）for ones own benefit 為了某人自己的利益Lesson02 Thirteenequalsone 十三等于一Ne

29、w words and expression 生詞和短語equal A等于B AequalsBEqual vt.與.相匹敵 - Noneofuscanequalher, eitherinbeautyorasa dancer.beequalto +名詞（equal adj.不相上下的）- MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.（n.智力, 腦髓） 瑪麗可以和約翰在腦力上相匹敵。beequalto doing：有能力, 有力量來做某事（to是介詞）- I am equal to running the company.vicar raise v.募集，籌（款） - rais

30、e money 募集資金提高 - raise the price 提高物價(jià)飼養(yǎng)、供養(yǎng) - raise a horse飼養(yǎng)一匹馬種植 - raise wheat種植小麥召集、招募 - raise an army招募一支軍隊(duì) （army n.陸軍, 軍隊(duì)）提出、發(fā)出 - raise a cheer 發(fā)出歡呼聲 （cheer n.愉快, 歡呼）torchlight n.電筒光 torch n.手電筒cause n.事情church n.教堂figure n.外形, 輪廓, 體形grocer n.食品商人, 雜貨商人bell n.鐘, 鈴, 鐘聲, 鐘形之物tower n.塔, 城堡Text 課文Wa

31、sthevicarpleasedthattheclockwasstriking?Why?Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauseoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtogetenoughmoneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和always等頻度副詞搭配時(shí)：表示說話人帶有某種的情感色彩Tomisalwaysdoinghomework. 湯姆總是做家庭作業(yè)，怎么也做不完。Tomalwaysdoeshishomework. 湯姆總是做家庭作業(yè)，不拖欠作業(yè)。Heisalwaysmakingnoises

32、. 他總是吵吵鬧鬧，真煩人。oneoranother：表示這樣或那樣- for one reason or another 處于這樣或那樣的原因- at one time or another 在這樣或那樣的時(shí)間- in one way or another 用這樣或那樣的方法getenoughmoneyto do sth 募集足夠的資金做某事- Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.havesomethingdone 1找某人來做某事- havethechurchclockrepaired- havetheplanerepaired/ - ha

33、vehaircut2某人所遭受到的意外某種情況（主語必須是發(fā)出動(dòng)作的人）- Hiswalletwasstolen. Hehadhiswalletstolen.Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwasdamagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.usedto：過去常常做，而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的事情了。- Heusedtosmokeeveryday.Onenight,however,ourvicarwokeupwithastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!However

34、 - 在口語中, 主要用于句首；在作文中, 最好用在句中、句尾。要用逗號(hào)分隔開來- Hesaidthatitwasso, hewasmistaken, however.Hesaidthatitwasso, however, hewasmistaken.他說這件事就是如此，然而他弄錯(cuò)了。- Iknowhisstory, however, Iwouldntliketotellyou.Iknowhisstory, I, however, wouldntliketotellyou.However = Nevertheless (adv. conj.) = Nonetheless (adv.)Start

35、 n.vt.驚跳, 驚起- The noise made him started(v.).- What a start(n.) you give me. / - he stood up with a start(n.).Looking athiswatch,hesawthatitwasoneoclock,butthebellstruckthirteentimesbeforeitstopped.before：.才- Nearly a week passed before she could explain what had happened to her.Armedwithatorch,thev

36、icarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Armedwithatorch. 過去分詞Looking athiswatch 現(xiàn)在分詞分詞做狀語/定語的時(shí)候，一定要注意它和邏輯主語要呼應(yīng)一致Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsightofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,hetorchlight 在手電筒光下 / in the moonlight 在月光下in the sunshine 在太陽光下 / in the candleligh

37、t 在燭光下非正式用語中whom可以省略掉recognizedsomebodyas 認(rèn)出某人是regardsomebodyas 認(rèn)為某人是 / thinkofsomebodyas 認(rèn)為某人是treatsomebodyas 把某人對(duì)待為 / haveonsomebodyas 把某人尊敬為WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?askedthevicarinsurprise.Whatever中的ever用來加強(qiáng)語氣Imtryingtorepairthebell,answeredBill. Ivebeencomingupherenightafternightforweeksnow

38、. Yousee,Iwashopingtogiveyouasurprise.nightafternight 一夜連著一夜dayafterday 一天又一天 / yearafteryear一年又一年weekafterweek 一周又一周 / busafterbus 一輛車接著一輛車Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!saidthevicar.肯定句中常用do, did, does加強(qiáng)語氣和情感色彩（一定要位于動(dòng)詞原形之前）- You do like nice today. 你今天看上去確實(shí)很不錯(cuò)。- I do like you. Youveprobablywokenup

39、everyoneinthevillageaswell.aswell用在句尾相當(dāng)于too, 主要用于肯定句中, 但比too所表達(dá)的語意更優(yōu)秀。- You looked nice yesterday and you look beautiful as well today.Still,Imgladthebellisworkingagain.still用于句首, 用逗號(hào)分隔開來, 表達(dá)一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系：雖然如此, 但是Thatsthetrouble,vicar,answeredBill.Itsworkingallright,butImafraidthatatoneoclockitwillstriket

40、hirteentimesandtheresnothingIcandoaboutit.There is nothing I can do about it = I am at a lose what to do（at a loss adv.困惑）Wellgetusedtothat,Bill, saidthevicar.Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butitsbetterthannothing.Nowletsgodownstairsandhaveacupoftea.getusedto / beusedto / beaccustomedto / getaccustomedto都

41、表示習(xí)慣于get強(qiáng)調(diào)漸近的過程,be強(qiáng)調(diào)習(xí)慣了的狀態(tài)Special difficulties 難點(diǎn)in1與表達(dá)驚奇、恐懼、失望或生氣等感情色彩的名詞搭配連用, 在句中起狀語作用。insurprise驚奇地 / inastonishment驚愕的 inalarm恐嚇的 / inembarrassment窘迫的 inamazement極為驚訝 / indespair絕望的 indismay沮喪的 /inanger惱火的 /indisappointment失望的2表示以、用。用于語言, 書寫材料, 色彩或聲音等方面。inEnglish /inpencil /inink /inoil 用顏料 /inr

42、ed用紅色 /incode用代碼insuchahighvoice 用這么高的聲音 /inafewwords 用幾句話3表示狀態(tài)、情況或處境introuble /indifficulty在困境中 /inbed在床上 /inahurry匆忙的 indebt負(fù)債 / inlovewithsb愛上某人 /intears流著淚 ingoodorder有條不紊, 整齊, 情況正常 / ingoodrepair維修良好 ingoodhealth身體好 / inpoorhealth身體壞inthebadmood情緒壞 /inthegoodmood情緒好inhaste匆忙的 /inafavorofexcitem

43、ent 欣喜若狂inpoverty 在貧窮中 /inluxury奢侈的Exercise：veryquickly= inahurryeventually= intheend （eventually adv.最后, 終于）beseen=insightwithapen = inink / withapencil= inpencilwhichtheyshare=incommon （share v.共享）crying= intearsMultiple choice questions 多項(xiàng)選擇 1.Din order adv.整齊, 狀況良好, 適宜out of order adv.次序顛倒, 不整齊,

44、 狀態(tài)不好 （= was damaged）2. B3.C為表示感謝：begratefulfor / bethankfulfor不辭辛勞地做某事：takethetroubletodosth.4. B inthepast是過去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志；always用在實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前5. D stroke n.擊, 敲, 報(bào)時(shí)的鐘聲強(qiáng)調(diào)句式結(jié)構(gòu)：Itwasnotuntil.that. 直到才- Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped. 直到半夜, 雪才停了。6. B 賓語從句的語序是陳述句語序7. C Mend vt.修理, 修補(bǔ)突出結(jié)果或者對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響, 用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。8. A

45、get used to doing 表示習(xí)慣于 （to是介詞）9. Bfund基金； cash現(xiàn)金； scholarship獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金； investment投資10. A runashop 經(jīng)營商店11. A nightafternight = everynight12. Cstill 1adv.仍, 仍然, 還- He came yesterday and he is still here. 他昨天來的，現(xiàn)仍在此。still 2adv.(連接副詞) 盡管如此, 依舊, 仍然（表達(dá)一種堅(jiān)持的態(tài)度）相當(dāng)于inspiteofthat, eventhough, justthesame）- Itsrai

46、ning；Still,Imustgoout.- This pictureisnottoovaluable；Still,Ilikeit.Yet conj.但是, 然而（表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系）Ihavefailed, yetIshalltryagain.Lesson03 Anunknowngoddess 無名女神New words and expression 生詞和短語goddess(tile) archaeologist Aegean Explore v.考察，勘探- Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.exploration n.探險(xiǎn) / explorer

47、promontory prosperous adj.（經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的- ourfinanceisprosperous 我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)非常的繁榮。（Finance n.財(cái)政, 金融）thriving adj.昌盛的，興旺的 - thriving businessbooming adj.蓬勃的，景氣的 - a booming market繁榮的市場flourishing adj.繁茂的，健康的 - Those plants are flourishing. 那些植物長得茂盛。civilization n.文明 / civilize vt.使開化, 使文明- highlevelofciviliz

48、ation 高度文明storey n.樓層 （story的變體）drainageworship n.v.祟拜 / respect vt.尊敬, 尊重 / admire v.贊美, 欽佩, 羨慕- Whodoyouworshipintheworld?Warship n.軍艦, 戰(zhàn)船Sacred adj.宗教的, 神圣的- sacredmusic圣樂 / sacredpromise神圣的諾言Holy adj.神圣的, 圣潔的- a holy person. 圣潔的人 / a holy place. 神圣的地方Solemn adj.莊嚴(yán)的, 莊重的- a solemn face 嚴(yán)肅的面孔 / a

49、solemn ceremony 隆重的儀式FragmentRemains n.遺物，遺跡，廢墟Classical adj.（希臘和羅馬）古文化的（即傳統(tǒng)的）；文科的, 人文科學(xué)的- classicalmusic 古典音樂 / classicaleducation 人文科學(xué)教育Classic adj.第一流的, 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的, 著名的, 典型的- Thisistheclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.Classic n.杰作, 經(jīng)典之作- That jokes a classic; it really is funny. 這個(gè)笑話確屬一流,真是妙趣橫生。Recons

50、truct v.修復(fù) （Re -重新, 再次）Construct vt.構(gòu)造, 建造, 組織（通過裝配或組合部件而構(gòu)成）- constructasentence / constructabrokenstatuary（n.雕象）- build ahouse 造建筑物 / putupatent construction n.建設(shè), 建造constructiveconstructor n.建造者, 建設(shè)者erect vt.蓋, 使豎立, 使直立（buildhighbuildings）- erecta monument 建造紀(jì)念碑 / erecta clocktower 建造鐘樓setup /esta

51、blish /found 建立- setupstudentsunion 學(xué)生會(huì) （union n.聯(lián)盟, 協(xié)會(huì)）- establishaschool / establish a rule 設(shè)立一條規(guī)則- foundacountry 建立一個(gè)國家Rest v.倚放, 放置Hip n.屁股, 臀部Hip n.口在服用興奮劑、宗教信仰方面趕時(shí)髦的人；消息靈通人士；adj.通曉的，見聞廣的- Maryisarealhip. 瑪麗是個(gè)愛趕時(shí)髦的人。- Theguyisntahip. 這家伙什么都不懂。Joinedatthehip表示交情極厚的- Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.sho

52、otfromthehip 信口開河- Sorry, IsaidthatIshouldnthaveshotfromthehip.full-length adj.（裙衣）拖地長的, 全長的, 全身的- afull-lengthdress 拽地長裙 full-grown adj.生長完全的, 發(fā)育完全的 full time n.專職, 全部時(shí)間 graceful - agracefulladyelegant adj.優(yōu)雅的（舉止） - an elegant gentleman. 舉止文雅的紳士identity n.身份ancient adj.遠(yuǎn)古的, 舊的decorate vt.裝飾；點(diǎn)綴clay

53、n.粘土, 泥土Roman adj.羅馬的, 羅馬人的 n.羅馬人Rome n.羅馬(意大利首都)Indeed adv.真正地, (加強(qiáng)語氣)確實(shí)Text 課文Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.some time 1經(jīng)過若干時(shí)間 2在未來的某時(shí)sometime adv.在某一時(shí)候, 曾經(jīng), 有一天sometimes adv.不時(shí), 有時(shí)中文習(xí)慣用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。英文習(xí)慣用被

54、動(dòng)語態(tài)。以事件、結(jié)果、影響、效果為主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)客觀事實(shí)的陳述。AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini.which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾限定temple。（which=that）stand(不及物)=lie(不及物) 位于= situate(及物) 使位于, 使處于= locate(及物) 使.坐落于, 位于whichstandsin. = whichliesin = whichislocated in = which is situatedin.Stand 1 身高 2表示高

55、高坐落于, 矗立于- Shestands. 她身高 - Agreattreestandsonthemount. 一棵大樹豎立在山上。Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句：對(duì)主句的附加說明和解釋，提供更多的信息。because引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句：強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。- Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.atonetime 表達(dá)曾經(jīng), 一度（過去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志, = once）musthavebeen對(duì)過去事實(shí)肯定的推測enjoyedahigh

56、levelofcivilization 享有高度文明Houses-oftenthreestoreyshigh-werebuiltofstone. Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.With 具有- ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders / anoldladywithblackhairbeautifullydecorated 過去分詞做定語- abeautifullydressedlady衣著漂亮的女士- adesertedcar park 廢棄的停車場- awhitepainteddoor 被刷成白色的門現(xiàn)在分詞做定

57、語, 被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系- aboyclimbingthetree 正在爬樹的男孩- thestudentsreadingintheroom 正在房間里讀書的學(xué)生Thecitywasequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrowstreets.beequippedwith 配備, 裝備 （equip vt.裝備, 配備）air conditioning 空氣調(diào)節(jié)裝置 / air conditioner 空氣調(diào)節(jié)機(jī), 空調(diào)設(shè)備- Thecarwasequippedwithair

58、conditioning. for引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句在正下方：Beneath = under- beneaththenarrowstreets = underthenarrowstreets- Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.在進(jìn)行中：只能用under- undercontrol 控制之中 / underdiscussion 討論之中 / underrepairs修理之中below在下方（強(qiáng)調(diào)在斜下方）- SheissittingbelowthewindowThetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasa

59、placeofworshipfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.beusedas / beusedtobe 把用作為- Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.- Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.beusedto do 被用來做- ThewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooksInthemostsacredroomoftemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresente

60、dagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.represent- Irepresentalltheclassmates.ThebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.dating現(xiàn)在分詞, 修飾remainsdate from = date back to （開始于, 起始于）- Thecustomdatingfrom1990. （custom n.習(xí)慣, 風(fēng)俗）- Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyo